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Does Tigecycline Have a Place in Therapy for Rickettsial Infection of the Central Nervous System?
Mastroianni Antonio,Greco Sonia,Urso Filippo,Mauro Maria Vittoria,Vangeli Valeria 대한감염학회 2022 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.54 No.1
This brief report documents the safety and efficacy of high-dose tigecycline as a salvage-therapy in in a case series of five patients with serious central nervous system (CNS) rocky mountain spotted fever (RMSF). These severily ill patients were unable to take any oral drug therapy, parenteral doxycycline was unavailable and absorption of oral doxycycline was a concern in these critically ill patients. As far as we know, we report the successfull use of tigecycline for the treatment of rickettsial meningitis for the first time in Italy. We suggest more studies on tigecycline in severe CNS infections from Rickettsia species and multi-drug resistant bacteria, especially the use of tigecycline at higher than standard doses in these life-threathening infectious diseases.
Cho, Whirang,Wu, Jinghang,Shim, Bong Sup,Kuan, Wei-Fan,Mastroianni, Sarah E.,Young, Wen-Shiue,Kuo, Chin-Chen,Epps, III, Thomas H.,Martin, David C. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Physical chemistry chemical physics Vol.17 No.7
<P>We describe the synthesis and characterization of bicontinuous cubic poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) conducting polymer gels prepared within lyotropic cubic poly(oxyethylene)<SUB>10</SUB> nonylphenol ether (NP-10) templates with <I>Ia</I>3&cmb.macr;<I>d</I> (gyroid, GYR) symmetry. The chemical polymerization of EDOT monomer in the hydrophobic channels of the NP-10 GYR phase was initiated by AgNO<SUB>3</SUB>, a mild oxidant that is activated when exposed to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The morphology and physical properties of the resulting PEDOT gels were examined as a function of temperature and frequency using optical and electron microscopy, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), dynamic mechanical spectroscopy, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Microscopy and SAXS results showed that the PEDOT gels remained ordered and stable after the UV-initiated chemical polymerization, confirming the successful templated-synthesis of PEDOT in bicontinuous GYR nanostructures. In comparison to unpolymerized 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) gel phases, the PEDOT structures had a higher storage modulus, presumably due to the formation of semi-rigid PEDOT-rich nanochannels. Additionally, the storage modulus (<I>G</I>′) for PEDOT gels decreased only modestly with increasing temperature, from ∼1.2 × 10<SUP>5</SUP> Pa (10 °C) to ∼7 × 10<SUP>4</SUP> Pa (40 °C), whereas <I>G</I>′ for the NP-10 and EDOT gels decreased dramatically, from ∼5.0 × 10<SUP>4</SUP> Pa (10 °C) to ∼1.5 × 10<SUP>2</SUP> Pa (40 °C). EIS revealed that the impedance of the PEDOT gels was smaller than the impedance of EDOT gels at both high frequencies (PEDOT ∼10<SUP>2</SUP>Ω and EDOT 2–3 × 10<SUP>4</SUP>Ω at 10<SUP>5</SUP> Hz) and low frequencies (PEDOT 10<SUP>3</SUP>–10<SUP>5</SUP>Ω and EDOT ∼5 × 10<SUP>5</SUP>Ω at 10<SUP>−1</SUP> Hz). These results indicated that PEDOT gels were highly ordered, mechanically stable and electrically conductive, and thus should be of interest for applications for which such properties are important, including low impedance and compliant coatings for biomedical electrodes.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>The successful templated-synthesis of PEDOT in bicontinuous GYR nanostructures: highly ordered, mechanically stable and electrically conductive. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c4cp04426f'> </P>