DNA barcoding to fishes: current status and future directions

Bhattacharya, Manojit,Sharma, Ashish Ranjan,Patra, Bidhan Chandra,Sharma, Garima,Seo, Eun-Min,Nam, Ju-Suk,Chakraborty, Chiranjib,Lee, Sang-Soo Informa UK (Informa Healthcare) 2016 Mitochondrial DNA. Part A Vol.27 No.4

<P>DNA barcoding appears to be a promising approach for taxonomic identification, characterization, and discovery of newer species, facilitating biodiversity studies. It helps researchers to appreciate genetic and evolutionary associations by collection of molecular, morphological, and distributional data. Fish DNA barcoding, based on the sequencing of a uniform area of Cytochrome C Oxidase type I (COI) gene, has received significant interest as an accurate tool for species identification, authentication, and phylogenetic analysis. The aim of this review article was to investigate recent global status, approaches, and future direction of DNA barcoding in fisheries sectors. We have tried to highlight its possible impacts, complications, and validation issues at species levels for biodiversity analysis. Moreover, an effort has been put forward to understand issues related to various marker genes associated with barcode process as primer sequences and have concluded barcode promotion as an indispensable tool of molecular biology for the development of taxonomic support systems.</P>

Ongoing Clinical Trials of Vaccines to Fight against COVID-19 Pandemic

Chakraborty Chiranjib,SHARMA ASHISH RANJAN,Bhattacharya Manojit,Sharma Garima,Saha Rudra P.,이상수 대한면역학회 2021 Immune Network Vol.21 No.1

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has developed as a pandemic, and it created an outrageous effect on the current healthcare and economic system throughout the globe. To date, there is no appropriate therapeutics or vaccines against the disease. The entire human race is eagerly waiting for the development of new therapeutics or vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Efforts are being taken to develop vaccines at a rapid rate for fighting against the ongoing pandemic situation. Amongst the various vaccines under consideration, some are either in the preclinical stage or in the clinical stages of development (phase-I, -II, and -III). Even, phase-III trials are being conducted for some repurposed vaccines like Bacillus Calmette–Guérin, polio vaccine, and measles-mumps-rubella. We have highlighted the ongoing clinical trial landscape of the COVID-19 as well as repurposed vaccines. An insight into the current status of the available antigenic epitopes for SARS-CoV-2 and different types of vaccine platforms of COVID-19 vaccines has been discussed. These vaccines are highlighted throughout the world by different news agencies. Moreover, ongoing clinical trials for repurposed vaccines for COVID-19 and critical factors associated with the development of COVID-19 vaccines have also been described.

Freshwater fish resource mapping and conservation strategies of West Bengal, India

Bidhan Chandra Patra,Avijit Kar,Manojit Bhattacharya,Srikanta Parua,Pravat Kumar Shit 대한공간정보학회 2017 Spatial Information Research Vol.25 No.5

Explorations and Germplasm estimation of fish biodiversity in the freshwater bodies of India are being gradually updated and analysed with a number of new discoveries though a well-defined figure of existing freshwater fish species at regional and state level remains to be calculated. The freshwater resources of India are currently experiencing an alarming decline trend in term of piscine biodiversity due to several undesired factors and consequences a considerable portion of freshwater fishes have been categorized as Threatened category. West Bengal is now becomes one of the most significant states of freshwater fish producer in India. The research study workout and divide the West Bengal state into six major physiographic divisions along with the help of modern Geoinformatics techniques (ArcGIS 10.2, Google Earth and Global Mapper software for map making purpose). The present study deals with the freshwater fish resource, distribution and biodiversity assessment of entire part of West Bengal. Occurrence of 251 fish species belonging to 15 orders, 50 families have been noted during the study period of 2012–2016. It is evident that the members belonging to Cyprinifomes constitute 37% of the total fish fauna of the river. Fluctuation in occurrence and abundance of the species are influenced by several anthropogenic activities. The demand of proper management of conservation policy is highlights through our research work.

Influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genetic susceptibility towards periprosthetic osteolysis

Supriya Jagga,SHARMA ASHISH RANJAN,Manojit Bhattacharya,Chiranjib Chakraborty,이상수 한국유전학회 2019 Genes & Genomics Vol.41 No.10

Wear debris-induced inflammatory osteolysis remains a significant limiting factor for implant replacement surgeries. Hence, a comprehensive understanding of the complex network of cellular and molecular signals leading to these inflammatory responses is required. Both macrophages and monocytes have a critical role in the instigation of the inflammatory reaction to wear debris but differ in the extent to which they induce cytokine expression in patients. Lately, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been associated with genetic susceptibility among individual patients with implant failure. Studies have shown that SNPs in key pro-inflammatory cytokines and their receptors are associated with osteolytic susceptibility. Likewise, SNPs within several genes involved in the regulation of bone turnover have also been found to be associated with wear debris induced osteolysis. It is presumed that SNP variance might play a decisive role in the activation and signaling of macrophages, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, fibroblasts and other cells involved in inflammatory bone loss. Understanding the extent to which SNPs exist among genes that are responsible for inflammatory bone loss may provide potential targets for developing future therapeutic interventions. Herein, we attempt to summarize the various susceptible genes with possible SNP variance that could contribute to the severity of periprosthetic osteolysis in patients with implants.

Understanding the molecular evolution of tiger diversity through DNA barcoding marker ND4 and NADH dehydrogenase complex using computational biology

Chiranjib Chakraborty,Ashish Ranjan Sharma,Sharma Garima,Manojit Bhattacharya,Bidhan C. Patra,Bimal Kumar Sarkar,Saptarshi Banerjee,Kankana Banerjee,Sang‑Soo Lee 한국유전학회 2021 Genes & Genomics Vol.43 No.7

Background Currently, Tigers (the top predator of an ecosystem) are on the list of endangered species. Thus the need is to understand the tiger’s population genomics to design their conservation strategies. Objective We analyzed the molecular evolution of tiger diversity using NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 (ND4), a signifcant electron transport chain component. Methods We have analyzed nucleotide composition and distribution pattern of ND genes, molecular evolution, evolutionary conservation pattern and conserved blocks of NADH, phylogenomics of ND4, and estimating species divergence, etc., using diferent bioinformatics tools and software, and MATLAB programming and computing environment. Results The nucleotide composition and distribution pattern of ND genes in the tiger genome demonstrated an increase in the number of adenine (A) and a lower trend of A+T content in some place of the distribution analysis. However, the observed distributions were not signifcant (P > 0.05). Evolutionary conservation analysis showed three highly align blocks (186 to 198, 406 to 416, and 527 to 545). On mapping the molecular evolution of ND4 among model species (n = 30), we observed its presence in a broader range of species. ND4 based molecular evolution of tiger diversity and time divergence for a tiger (20 diferent other species) shows that genus Panthera originated more or less at a similar time. Conclusions The nucleotide composition and nucleotide distribution pattern of tiger ND genes showed the evolutionary pattern and origin of tiger and Panthera lineage concerning the molecular clock, which will help to understand their adaptive evolution.

Advances in nanocarriers enabled brain targeted drug delivery across blood brain barrier

Sharma, Garima,Sharma, Ashish R.,Lee, Sang-Soo,Bhattacharya, Manojit,Nam, Ju-Suk,Chakraborty, Chiranjib Elsevier 2019 International journal of pharmaceutics Vol.559 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The blood brain barrier (BBB) offers protection to the central nervous system (CNS) by maintaining homeostasis. Besides restricting the entry of harmful xenobiotics and endogenous molecules to CNS, BBB also limits the entry of therapeutic agents. Nanotechnology offers the possibility to deliver small molecules/drugs against CNS disorders across BBB. Recently, due to excellent biocompatibility, functional versatility and unique surface electrostatics properties nanodiamonds are also being explored for their drug delivery potential against BBB. Although, studies has been done to understand the mechanisms involved in drug delivery across BBB, but still, progress in the development of any functional drug delivery systems across BBB is in juvenile stages. For this purpose, the strategic developments of more potent drug delivery systems to CNS <I>via</I> endocytic pathways appears to be the most promising approach. Endocytic pathways are essential for communication and transport of nutrients across BBB in endothelial cells. Moreover, modifications of the nanotherapeutic agents with specific brain capillary endothelial cells targeting molecules or ligands have recently shown impressive results of successful delivery of drugs to the brain <I>via</I> receptor-mediated transcytosis. The current review provides a comprehensive insight in the advancements made in nanocarriers-based successful drug delivery to the CNS and their availability in clinics.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>