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Facile Synthesis of Bio-Composite Films Obtained from Sugarcane Bagasse and Cardboard Waste
Sanjeev Makin,Satish Kumar Singh,Sweety Verma,Himanshu Gupta,Avneesh Kumar Gehlaut,Suantak Kamsonlian,Surya Narain Lal,Ankur Gaur 한국화학공학회 2023 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.61 No.4
In this study, we focus on the recycling of cardboard waste and sugarcane bagasse (SCB) for the preparation of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and its conversion into a biodegradable film. Sodium alginate (SA) was added to form a biodegradable composite film. SA was used to increase film permeability. Glycerol, which is a plasticizer, was used to increase the tensile strength (TS) and film expansion. To characterize the CMC, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy were used. The addition of olive oil to the CMC-SA matrix highlighted its antimicrobial property against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). A slight decrease in tensile strength was observed with the addition of olive oil (OO), which improved the functional properties of the control films as well as lowered moisture content and water solubility. But considering all other factors, the composite films obtained from sugarcane bagasse and cardboard waste incorporated with olive oil are suitable for applications in the field of food packaging.
Decomposing Interest Differentials: An International Borrowing and Lending Approach
( Anthony J. Makin ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 (구 세종대학교 국제경제연구소) 2004 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.19 No.1
This paper proposes a new economy-wide framework for decomposing international interest differentials based on aggregate borrowing and lending behaviour in economies whose domestic capital markets are highly globally integrated. Using macroeconomic rather than microeconomic concepts, this alternative approach demonstrates how key inter-relationships involving relative inflation levels and exchange rate expectations govern “average” domestic and foreign interest differentials. It also contributes by identifying different kinds of risk premia that arise due to economy-wide factors such as the level of foreign debt and country and political factors. Unlike standard interest parity approaches, based simply on arbitrage of financial asset returns, it shows that changing exchange rate expectations influence international interest differentials through both excess domestic borrowing and foreign lending behaviour.
Extended H<sub>2</sub> emission line sources from UWISH2
Froebrich, D.,Makin, S. V.,Davis, C. J.,Gledhill, T. M.,Kim, Y.,Koo, B.-C.,Rowles, J.,Eislö,ffel, J.,Nicholas, J.,Lee, J. J.,Williamson, J.,Buckner, A. S. M. Oxford University Press 2015 Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Vol.454 No.3
Loredana Amoroso,Giovanni Erminio,Guy Makin,Andrew D. J. Pearson,Penelope Brock,Dominique Valteau-Couanet,Victoria Castel,Marlène Pasquet,Genevieve Laureys,Caroline Thomas,Roberto Luksch,Ruth Ladenste 대한암학회 2018 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.50 No.1
Purpose Metastatic response to induction therapy for high-risk neuroblastoma is a prognostic factor. In the International Society of Paediatric Oncology Europe Neuroblastoma (SIOPEN) HR-NBL-1 protocol, only patients with metastatic complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) with " three abnormal skeletal areas on iodine 123-metaiodobenzylguanidine ([123I]mIBG) scintigraphy and no bone marrow disease proceed to high dose therapy (HDT). In this study, topotecan-vincristine-doxorubicin (TVD) was evaluated in patients failing to achieve these criteria, with the aim of improving the metastatic response rate. Materials and Methods Patients with metastatic high-risk neuroblastoma who had not achieved the SIOPEN criteria for HDT after induction received two courses of topotecan 1.5 mg/m2/day for 5 days, followed by a 48-hour infusion of vincristine, 2 mg/m2, and doxorubicin, 45 mg/m2. Results Sixty-three patients were eligible and evaluable. Following two courses of TVD, four (6.4%) patients had an overall CR, while 28 (44.4%) had a PR with a combined response rate of 50.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 37.9 to 63.6). Of these, 23 patients achieved a metastatic CR or a PR with " 3 mIBG skeletal areas and no bone marrow disease (36.5%; 95% CI, 24.7 to 49.6) and were eligible to receive HDT. Toxicity was mostly haematological, affecting 106 of the 126 courses (84.1%; 95% CI, 76.5 to 90.0), and dose reduction was necessary in six patients. Stomatitis was the second most common nonhematological toxicity, occurring in 20 patients (31.7%). Conclusion TVD was effective in improving the response rate of high-risk neuroblastoma patients after induction with COJEC enabling them to proceed to HDT. However, the long-term benefits of TVD needs to be determined in randomized clinical trials.