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        Microporous metal–organic frameworks: Synthesis and applications

        Mahnaz Ahmadi,Maryam Ebrahimnia,Mohammad-Ali Shahbazi,Rüstem Keçili,Fatemeh Ghorbani-Bidkorbeh 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.115 No.-

        Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as porous hybrid materials composed of metal ions andorganic ligands. MOFs have attracted the attention of many researchers due to their promising characteristics,including high porosity, surface area, and drug loading capacity, tunable pore size and structure,good biodegradability and biocompatibility, and ease of functionalization. MOFs are categorized intothree groups based on their pore widths, including microporous, mesoporous, and macroporous MOFs. MOFs with micropores have shown special features. The internal pore widths of microporous MOFsare less than 2 nm, which leads to their high porosity and surface area. Microporous MOFs could be synthesizedthrough different strategies, including modulator-induced defect-formation, structure-directingagents, pillared-layer assembly, bridging helical chain secondary building units, coordination capabilitiesof P@O moieties in the structure of a ligand, and using octahedral cage-like building units. Because oftheir unique properties, microporous MOFs have shown great potential for many applications such asseparation, storage, catalysis, and sensing. A description of synthesis approaches and applications ofmicroporous MOFs in recent years is provided in this review.

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