Radiation protective qualities of some selected lead and bismuth salts in the wide gamma energy region

M.I. Sayyed,F. Akman,M.R. Kaçal,A. Kumar 한국원자력학회 2019 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.51 No.3

The lead element or its salts are good radiation shielding materials. However, their toxic effects are high. Due to less toxicity of bismuth salts, the radiation shielding properties of the bismuth salts have beeninvestigated and compared to that of lead salts to establish them as a better alternative to radiationshielding material to the lead element or its salts. The transmission geometry was utilized to measure themass attenuation coefficient (m/r) of different salts containing lead and bismuth using a high-resolutionHPGe detector and different energies (between 81 and 1333 keV) emitted from point sources of 133Ba,57Co, 22Na, 54Mn, 137Cs, and 60Co. The experimental m/r results are compared with the theoretical valuesobtained through WinXCOM program. The theoretical calculations are in good agreement with theirexperimental ones. The radiation protection efficiencies, mean free paths, effective atomic numbers andelectron densities for the present compounds were determined. The bismuth fluoride (BiF3) is found tohave maximum radiation protection efficiency among the selected salts. The results showed that presentsalts are more effective for reducing the intensity of gamma photons at low energy region.

Determination of some useful radiation interaction parameters for waste foods

F. Akman,I.H. Geçibesler,M.I. Sayyed,S.A. Tijani,A.R. Tufekci,I. Demirtas 한국원자력학회 2018 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.50 No.6

The mass attenuation coefficients (m/r) of food waste samples (pomegranate peel, acorn cap, lemon peel,mandarin peel, pumpkin peel, grape peel, orange peel, pineapple peel, acorn peel and grape stalk) havebeen measured employing a Si(Li) detector at 13.92, 17.75, 20.78, 26.34 and 59.54 keV. Also, the theoreticalvalues of the mass attenuation coefficients have been evaluated utilizing mixture rule fromWinXCOM program. The results showed that the lemon peel has the highest values of m/r among theselected samples. From the obtained mass attenuation coefficients, we determined some absorptionparameters such as effective atomic number (Zeff), electron density (NE) and molar extinction coefficient(ε). It was found that the Zeff values of all food wastes lie within the range of 4.034e7.595, whereas the NEof the studied food wastes was found to be in the range of 0.301e1.720 1025 (electrons/g) for presentenergy region.

An extensive investigation on gamma ray shielding features of Pd/Ag-based alloys

O. Agar,M.I. Sayyed,F. Akman,H.O. Tekin,M.R. Kaçal 한국원자력학회 2019 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.51 No.3

A comprehensive study of photon interaction features has been made for some alloys containing Pd andAg content to evaluate its possible use as alternative gamma radiations shielding material. The massattenuation coefficient (m/r) of the present alloys was measured at various photon energies between81 keVe1333 keV utilizing HPGe detector. The measured m/r values were compared to those of theoreticaland computational (MCNPX code) results. The results exhibited that the m/r values of the studiedalloys are in the same line with results of WinXCOM software and MCNPX code results at all energies. Moreover, Pd75/Ag25 alloy sample has the maximum radiation protection efficiency (about 53% at81 keV) and lowest half value layer, which shows that Pd75/Ag25 has superior gamma radiationshielding performance among the other compared alloys.

Gamma ray shielding characteristics and exposure buildup factor for some natural rocks using MCNP-5 code

K.A. Mahmoud,M.I. Sayyed,O.L. Tashlykov 한국원자력학회 2019 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.51 No.7

The mass attenuation coefficient for eight rock samples having different chemical composition was simulated using the MCNP 5 code in energy range . Moreover, the for the studied rock samples was computed theoretically using XCOM database. The comparison between simulated and computed data for all selected rock samples showed a good agreement with differences varied between 0.01 and 8%. The highest was found for basalt rocks M2 and M1 and the lowest one is reported for limestone rocks Dike. The simulated values of the then were used to calculate other important shielding parameters such as the mean free path, effective electron density and effective atomic number. The exposure buildup factor was also computed for the selected rocks with the contribution of G-P fitting parameters and the highest EBF attended by the basalt sample Sill and varied between 1.022 and 744 in the energy range between but the lowest EBF achieved by basalt sample M2 and varied between 1.017 and 491 in the same energy range.

Dy3+ doped SiO2–B2O3–Al2O3–NaF–ZnF2 glasses: An exploration of optical and gamma radiation shielding features

M. Monisha,Ashwitha Nancy D’Souza,Vinod Hegde,Nimitha S. Prabhu,M.I. Sayyed,G. Lakshminarayana,Sudha D. Kamath 한국물리학회 2020 Current Applied Physics Vol.20 No.11

A series of Dy3+ doped zinc-aluminoborosilicate glasses with chemical composition 30SiO2-(30-x) B2O3–10Al2O3–15NaF–15ZnF2-xDy2O3 (x = 0, 0.5, 0.7, 1.0 and 1.5 mol %) were prepared by conventional meltquenching method. Structural and optical properties of the glasses were analyzed through XRD, FTIR, UV–Visible–NIR and luminescence studies. Gamma radiation shielding parameters were obtained using PSD software. Nephelauxetic ratio (β) and bonding parameters (δ) calculated using absorption spectrum shows the decreasing ionic nature of the Dy ions. Judd-Oflet parameters (Ω2, Ω4 and Ω6) obtained shows the covalency and asymmetric nature of dysprosium ions. The luminescence properties shows that Dy3+ doped glasses have two strong intense emission at blue (482 nm) and yellow (575 nm) region. Branching ratio and stimulated emission cross section calculated suggests the glasses suitability to act as lasing material. CIE colour coordinates and its colour correlated temperature (CCT) for the glasses were estimated and found that these prepared glasses lie in the warm white light region.

Experimental assessment for the photon shielding features of silicone rubber reinforced by tellurium borate oxides

M. Elsafi,Heba jamal ALasali,Aljawhara H. Almuqrin,K.G. Mahmoud,M.I. Sayyed Korean Nuclear Society 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.6

In the present study, six silicone rubber doped by tellurium borate oxides were fabricated using the casting method. The densities of the fabricated silicon rubber-doped by tellurium borate oxides samples were measured using the Archimedes Method. Moreover, the linear attenuation coefficient of silicone rubber doped tellurium borate oxides samples was evaluated experimentally using the hyper pure germanium, and the recorded linear attenuation coefficient values were affirmed using the theoretical Phy-X program. The experimental measurements were performed using the narrow beam transmission method with radioactive isotopes Am-241, Cs-137, and Co-60 with energies of 59, 661, 1173, and 1332 keV. The linear attenuation coefficient values showed an enhancement by 4.73 times, 1.20 time, 1.17, time, and 1.17 time, respectively at gamma photon energies of 59, 661, 1173, and 1332 keV, when the TeO₂ concentration increased in the fabricated composites from 0 to 50 wt%. The enhancement of the linear attenuation coefficient values has a positive effect on the transmission rate values where the half-value thickness and transmission rate were decreased accompanied by an increase in the RPE.

Evaluation of gamma-ray and neutron attenuation properties of some polymers

M.R. Kaçal,F. Akman,M.I. Sayyed,F. Akman 한국원자력학회 2019 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.51 No.3

In the present work, we determined the gamma-ray attenuation characteristics of eight different polymers(Polyamide (Nylon 6) (PA-6), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyvinylidenechloride (PVDC), polyaniline(PANI), polyethyleneterephthalate (PET), polyphenylenesulfide (PPS), polypyrrole (PPy) and polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)) using transmission geometry utilizing the high resolution HPGe detector anddifferent radioactive sources in the energy range 81e1333 keV. The experimental linear attenuationcoefficient values are compared with theoretical data (WinXCOM data). The linear attenuation coefficientof all polymers reduced quickly with the increase in energy, at the beginning, while decrease more slowlyin the region from 267 keV to 835 keV. The effective atomic number of PVDC and PTFE are comparativelyhigher than the Zeff of the remaining polymers, while PA-6 possesses the lowest effective atomic number. The half value layer results showed that PTFE (C2F4, highest density) is more effective to attenuate thegamma photons. Also, the theoretical results of macroscopic effective removal cross section for fastneutrons (PR) P were computed to investigate the neutron attenuation characteristics. It is found that theR values of the eight investigated polymers are close and ranged from 0.07058 cm 1 for PVDC to0.11510 cm 1 for PA-6.

Role of modifiers on the structural, mechanical, optical and radiation protection attributes of Eu3+ incorporated multi constituent glasses

Poojha M.K. Komal,Marimuthu K.,Teresa P. Evangelin,Almousa Nouf,Sayyed M.I. 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.10

The effect of modifiers on the optical features and radiation defying ability of the Eu3þ ions doped multi constituent glasses was examined. XRD has established the amorphous nature of the specimen. The presence of various functional/fundamental groups in the present glasses was analyzed through FTIR spectra. The physical, structural and elastic traits of the glasses were explored. The variation in the structural compactness of the glass structure according to the incorporated modifier was enlightened to describe their suitability for a better shielding media. For the examined glasses, the metallization criterion value varied in the range 0.613e0.692, indicating the non-metallic character of the glasses with possible nonlinear optical applications. The computed elastic moduli expose the Li-containing glass (BTLi:Eu) to be tightly packed and rigid, which is a requirement for a better shielding channel. Furthermore, the optical bandgap and the Urbach energy values are calculated based on the optical absorption spectra. The evaluated bonding parameters revealed the nature of the fabricated glasses covalent. In addition, we investigated the radiation attenuation attributes of the prepared Eu3þ ions doped multi constituent glasses using Phy-X software. We determined the linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) and reported the influence of the five oxides Li2O3, CaO, BaO, SrO, and ZnO on the LAC values. The LAC varied between 0.433 and 0.549 cm1 at 0.284 MeV. The 39B2O325TeO215Li2O310Na2O10K2O 1Eu2O3 glass has a much smaller LAC than the other glasses.

Investigation of photon, neutron and proton shielding features of H₃BO₃-ZnO-Na₂O-BaO glass system

Mhareb, M.H.A.,Alajerami, Y.S.M.,Dwaikat, Nidal,Al-Buriahi, M.S.,Alqahtani, Muna,Alshahri, Fatimh,Saleh, Noha,Alonizan, N.,Saleh, M.A.,Sayyed, M.I. Korean Nuclear Society 2021 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.53 No.3

The current study aims to explore the shielding properties of multi-component borate-based glass series. Seven glass-samples with composition of (80-y)H₃BO₃-10ZnO-10Na₂O-yBaO where (y = 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 mol.%) were synthesized by melt-quench method. Various shielding features for photons, neutrons, and protons were determined for all prepared samples. XCOM, Phy-X program, and SRIM code were performed to determine and explain several shielding properties such as equivalent atomic number, exposure build-up factor, specific gamma-ray constants, effective removal cross-section (Σ_R), neutron scattering and absorption, Mass Stopping Power (MSP) and projected range. The energy ranges for photons and protons were 0.015-15 MeV and 0.01-10 MeV, respectively. The mass attenuation coefficient (μ/ρ) was also determined experimentally by utilizing two radioactive sources (¹⁶⁶Ho and ¹³⁷Cs). Consistent results were obtained between experimental and XCOM values in determining μ/ρ of the new glasses. The addition of BaO to the glass matrix led to enhance the μ/ρ and specific gamma-ray constants of glasses. Whereas the remarkable reductions in Σ_R, MSP, and projected range values were reported with increasing BaO concentrations. The acquired results nominate the use of these glasses in different radiation shielding purposes.

The influence of MgO on the radiation protection and mechanical properties of tellurite glasses

Hanfi, M.Y.,Sayyed, M.I.,Lacomme, E.,Akkurt, I.,Mahmoud, K.A. Korean Nuclear Society 2021 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.53 No.6

Mechanical moduli, such as Young's modulus (E), Bulks modulus (B), Shear modulus (S), longitudinal modulus (L), Poisson's ratio (σ) and micro Hardness (H) were theoretically calculated for (100-x)TeO₂+x MgO glasses, where x = 10, 20, 30, 40 and 45 mol%, based on the Makishima-Mackenzie model. The estimated results showed that the mechanical moduli and the microhardness of the glasses were improved with the increase of the MgO contents in the TM glasses, while Poisson's ratio decreased with the increase in MgO content. Moreover, the radiation shielding capacity was evaluated for the studied TM glasses. Thus, the linear attenuation coefficient (LAC), mass attenuation coefficient (MAC), transmission factor (TF) and half-value thickness (𝚫_0.5) were simulated for gamma photon energies between 0.344 and 1.406 MeV. The simulated results showed that glass TM10 with 10 mol % MgO possess the highest LAC and varied in the range between 0.259 and 0.711 cm^-1, while TM45 glass with 45 mol % MgO possess the lowest LAC and vary in the range between 0.223 and 0.587 cm^-1 at gamma photon energies between 0.344 and 1.406 MeV. Furthermore, the BXCOM program was applied to calculate the effective atomic number (Z_eff), equivalent atomic number (Z_eq) and buildup factors (EBF and EABF) of the glasses. The effective removal cross-section for the fast neutrons (ERCSFN, ∑_R) was also calculated theoretically. The received data depicts that the lowest ∑_R was achieved for TM10 glasses, where ∑_R = 0.0193 cm² g^-1, while TM45 possesses the highest ERCSFN where ∑_R = 0.0215 cm² g^-1.