Association of metformin and statin medications with surrogate measures of cardiovascular disease in youth with type 1 diabetes: the SEARCH for diabetes in youth study

Evgenia Gourgari,Jeanette M. Stafford,Ralph D'Agostino Jr,Lawrence M. Dolan,Jean M. Lawrence,Amy Mottl,Catherine Pihoker,Elaine M. Urbina,R. Paul Wadwa,Dana Dabelea 대한소아내분비학회 2019 Annals of Pediatirc Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol.24 No.3

Purpose: Youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are at risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We evaluated if metformin or statin use was associated with surrogate measures of improved CVD. Methods: We included participants from the SEARCH observational study. Participants treated with insulin plus metformin (n=42) or insulin plus statin (n=39) were matched with 84 and 78 participants, respectively, treated with insulin alone. Measures of arterial stiffness obtained were pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (AI75), and heart rate variability as standard deviation of the normal-to-normal interval (SDNN) and root mean square differences of successive NN intervals (RMSSD). Results: CVD measures were not significantly different among participants on insulin plus metformin versus those on insulin alone: PWV (5.9±1.0 m/sec vs. 5.8±1.5 m/sec, P=0.730), AI75 (1.8 [-6.0 to 8.0] vs. -2.4 [-10.7 to 3.8], P=0.157), SDNN (52.4 [36.8–71.1] m/sec vs. 51.8 [40.1–74.9] m/sec, P=0.592), and RMSSD (43.2 [29.4–67.6] vs. 47.4 [28.0–76.3], P=0.952). CVD measures were not different for statin users versus nonusers: PWV (5.7±0.8 m/sec vs. 5.9 ±1.1 m/sec, P=0.184), AI75 ( -4.0 [-9.5 to 1.7] vs. -6.7 [-11.3 to 5.7], P=0.998), SDNN (54.6 [43.5–77.2] m/sec vs. 63.1 [44.2–86.6] m/sec, P=0.369), and RMSSD (49.5 [31.2–74.8] vs. 59.2 [38.3–86.3], P=0.430). Conclusion: We found no associations of statin or metformin use with surrogate measures of CVD. Future prospective pediatric clinical trials could address this issue.

Proliferative Effect of Food Plant Species from Brazil's Cerrado on Cultured Fibroblasts

Fernanda L B Mügge,Sarah M.S. Prates,Aretha P.S. Andrade,Jean C. Melo,Aristóbolo M Silva,Raquel L. Bello de Araujo,Renata A. Labanca,Maria G. L. Brandão 한국식품영양과학회 2021 Journal of medicinal food Vol.24 No.12

Brazilian Cerrado is the second largest biome in South America and contains many unstudied valuable plant species rich in bioactive substances. In this study we investigated the phenolic content and proliferative effects on cultured fibroblasts of 32 extracts of different polarities prepared from 11 plants found in Cerrado regions. Eight extracts from six species increased cell proliferation and significantly induced ATP production by the cells. Four of these extracts were obtained from plants used as food, specifically from its fruits or seeds. A high phenolic content for these eight extracts, which directly correlated with the induction of cell proliferation, was corroborated by mass spectrometry analysis. We suggest that the bioactive substance content of these species shows an interesting potential use in cosmetic and food industry, which can contribute to the conservation and sustainable development of this region.

영농형 태양광발전시스템 생육환경 모니터링시스템 구축

한재웅 ( J. W. Han ),전명진 ( M. J. Jean ),이효재 ( H. J. Lee ),이승기 ( S. K. Lee ),서동수 ( D. S. Seo ),서지현 ( J. H. Seo ),김웅 ( W. Kim ) 한국농업기계학회 2020 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.25 No.1

전 세계적으로 지구온난화와 환경오염 등의 문제로 환경보호에 대한 인식이 높아지고 있다. 기존의 발전 시스템은 환경적으로 큰 위험성을 가지고 있어 신재생 에너지 발전 등의 비중이 높아지고 있다. 대표적으로 태양광발전이 있으며, 발전을 위해 많은 면적이 필요한 태양광 발전은 우리나라의 경우 영농지역을 활용한 발전형태가 해결방안이 될 수 있다. 그러나, 농지를 활용한 태양광 발전은 일사량과 같은 작물의 생육환경에 영향을 미칠 것으로 예상된다. 본 연구에서는 생육환경에 대한 영향을 분석하기 위해서 생육환경 모니터링 시스템을 구축하고 환경요소를 분석하였다. 생육환경측정은 지상부 온도(℃), 습도(%), 풍속(m/s), 일사량(w/m2), 대기압(kPa)이며 지하부 지온(℃), 토양수분량(%)를 대상으로 하였다. 측정시스템은 데이터로거(ZL6), 온도/습도/대기압 센서(ATMOS14), 일사량센서(PYR), 초음파 풍향풍속센서(ATMOS22), 토양 수분/온도 센서(TEROS11) 등으로 구성하였다. 각각 설치된 센서들을 이용하여 측정항목을 대상으로 태양광발전시설(실험구)과 노지(대조구)에서의 생육환경정보를 비교하였다. 측정결과 실험구와 대조구의 온도 차이는 최대 1.2℃이었고 평균온도가 0.36℃가 낮게 나타났다. 습도의 경우 실험구가 최대 5.2% 높게 나타났고, 일사량은 실험구에서 최대 765.8(w/m2) 낮게 나타났으며, 이러한 결과는 태양광 발전 시설의 영향을 받은 것으로 판단되었다. 또한, 토양 수분량은 측정기간 내내 실험구가 최대 20.6%가량 높게 나타났고 토양 온도도 최대 2.3℃가 대조구가 더 낮게 나타났다. 이러한 측정결과는 작물의 생육에 영향을 미칠 것으로 판단되며 다양한 작물을 생육하고 수확 후 수율 등의 품질정보를 수집한 후 실험군과 대조군을 비교하여 생육환경에 미치는 영향을 분석할 필요가 있는 것으로 판단되었다.

Inactivation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis l,d-Transpeptidase Ldt_Mt1by Carbapenems and Cephalosporins

Dubé,e, Vincent,Triboulet, Sé,bastien,Mainardi, Jean-Luc,Ethè,ve-Quelquejeu, Mé,lanie,Gutmann, Laurent,Marie, Arul,Dubost, Lionel,Hugonnet, Jean-Emmanuel,Arthur, Michel American Society for Microbiology 2012 Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy Vol.56 No.8

<B>ABSTRACT</B><P>The structure ofMycobacterium tuberculosispeptidoglycan is atypical since it contains a majority of 3→3 cross-links synthesized byl,d-transpeptidases that replace 4→3 cross-links formed by thed,d-transpeptidase activity of classical penicillin-binding proteins. Carbapenems inactivate thesel,d-transpeptidases, and meropenem combined with clavulanic acid is bactericidal against extensively drug-resistantM. tuberculosis. Here, we used mass spectrometry and stopped-flow fluorimetry to investigate the kinetics and mechanisms of inactivation of the prototypicM. tuberculosisl,d-transpeptidase LdtMt1by carbapenems (meropenem, doripenem, imipenem, and ertapenem) and cephalosporins (cefotaxime, cephalothin, and ceftriaxone). Inactivation proceeded through noncovalent drug binding and acylation of the catalytic Cys of LdtMt1, which was eventually followed by hydrolysis of the resulting acylenzyme. Meropenem rapidly inhibited LdtMt1, with a binding rate constant of 0.08 μM<SUP>−1</SUP>min<SUP>−1</SUP>. The enzyme was unable to recover from this initial binding step since the dissociation rate constant of the noncovalent complex was low (<0.1 min<SUP>−1</SUP>) in comparison to the acylation rate constant (3.1 min<SUP>−1</SUP>). The covalent adduct resulting from enzyme acylation was stable, with a hydrolysis rate constant of 1.0 × 10<SUP>−3</SUP>min<SUP>−1</SUP>. Variations in the carbapenem side chains affected both the binding and acylation steps, ertapenem being the most efficient LdtMt1inactivator. Cephalosporins also formed covalent adducts with LdtMt1, although the acylation reaction was 7- to 1,000-fold slower and led to elimination of one of the drug side chains. Comparison of kinetic constants for drug binding, acylation, and acylenzyme hydrolysis indicates that carbapenems and cephems can both be tailored to optimize peptidoglycan synthesis inhibition inM. tuberculosis.</P>

Ligamentoplasty with interposition of the proximal interphalangeal joint in the treatment of unicondylar osteochondral defects: a cadaveric feasibility study

Jean-Charles Hery,Baptiste Picart,Mélanie Malherbe,Christophe Hulet,Aude Lombard 대한성형외과학회 2021 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.48 No.6

Background Injuries to the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint are common and complex. However, the treatment of osteochondral defects of the head of the proximal phalanx has rarely been described. Herein, we propose a new technique for the management of unicondylar defects of the proximal phalanx that can restore joint amplitudes and provide PIP stability. Methods In this cadaveric feasibility study, unicondylar defects were generated using striking wedges and chisels. First, a transverse tunnel measuring 2 mm in diameter passing through the head of the proximal phalanx was made. A second tunnel at the base of the middle phalanx with the same diameter was then created. The hemitendon of the flexor carpi radialis graft was passed through each of these tunnels. The proximal end of the graft was interposed in the area with a loss of bone substance. The ligamentoplasty was then tensed and fixed by two anchors on the proximal phalanx. Joint amplitudes and frontal stability were measured preoperatively and postoperatively. Results There was no significant change in the joint’s range of motion: preoperatively, the mean mobility arcs were –2° to 113.80°, and they were –2° to 110° after the procedure (P= 0.999). There was no significant difference in joint stability (P>0.05). Conclusions Ligamentoplasty with PIP interposition appears to be a possible solution for the management of unicondylar defects of the proximal phalanx. An evaluation of clinical results is planned in order to definitively confirm the validity of this procedure.

Association of sericin and swimming on the phenotype, motor plate, and functionality of the denervated plantar muscle of Wistar rats

André Junior Santana,Jean Carlos Debastiani,Regina Inês Kunz,Pamela Buratti,Rose Meire Costa Brancalhão,Lucinéia de Fátima Chasko Ribeiro,Márcia Miranda Torrejais,Gladson Ricardo Flor Bertolini 한국운동재활학회 2018 JER Vol.14 No.1

Physical exercise may help maintain muscle properties and functional improvement after peripheral nerve lesion, which may be enhanced by using biocompatible substances, such as sericin. The aim of this study was analyse the effect of sericin associated with swimming exercise on the phenotype, innervation, and functionality of the plantar muscle of Wistar rats. Forty randomly divided adult rats were used in five groups of eight animals: control, injury, sericin, exercise, exercise and sericin. The application of sericin was done on the spot, 100 μL, shortly after nerve compression. Three days after sciatic nerve compression, the swimming and swimming and sericin groups were submitted to physical swimming exercise for 21 days. Afterwards, the animals were euthanised and the plantar muscle was dissected and submitted to histochemical and histoenzymological techniques. The grip strength test did not show alterations in muscular functionality, and the control presented greater muscle mass in relation to the other groups, the same did not occur for muscle length. Polymorphic neuromuscular junctions were detected in the groups, although without significant morphometric alterations of the area, major and minor diameters. The percentage of type I fibres was lower in the lesion group and there was no difference in fibres IIa and IIb between groups. The area of fibres I, IIa and IIb remained constant between groups. Sericin biopolymer combined with swimming exercise did not affect plantar muscle function, submitted to experimental axonotmosis, whose contractile properties were altered by nerve injury.

Exploring Knowledge Processing in a Social Complex Adaptive Organization : Wikipedia through the Lens of the LIFE Model

Jean-Baptiste P. L. Faucher,Andr? M. Everett,Rob Lawson 한국데이타베이스학회 2011 Journal of information technology applications & m Vol.18 No.1

A deeper understanding of how organizations behave as social complex adaptive systems is needed. In this paper we demonstrate how the Leadership Invigorating Flows of Energies model can help with this understanding. The model highlights the role of emergent leadership as a force encouraging the creation. diffusion. and utilization of knowledge through self-organizing mechanisms. We illustrate our approach by examining Wikipedia and show how it can be described as a social CAS. Our analysis of Wikipedia describes how emerging intrapreneurship behaviors result in dynamic flows of knowledge and self-organizing feedback mechanisms across the organization. We provide implications for organization studies and present evidence to support claims made by advocates of complexity theory. We conclude by proposing that Wikipedia can be seen as a new form of organization, and finish with a brief note highlighting a possible way forward.

Modeling the Knowledg Processing System through the Lens of Complexity Theory : Social Energies, Leadership, and the LIFE Model

Jean-Baptiste P. O. Faucher,Andre M. Everett,Rob Lawson 한국데이터전략학회 2010 Journal of information technology applications & m Vol.17 No.3

Existing models of knowledge processing do not feature a systemic meaning of knowledge manage-ment and ignore the role of leadership and social energy in the knowledge processing system (KPS). This conceptual paper introduces the Leadership Invigorating Flows of Energies, (LIFE) Model as an attempt to remedy that situation and provide a more useful description of the KPS. The LIFE Model highlights the role of emergent leadership and flows of social energies as forces encouraging know-ledge creation and dynamic diffusion within an organization through the Knowledge Processing Cycle in eight activities interacting with its social knowledge base in a self-organizing system.

Functional Polymers with Controlled Molecular Architecture

Jean M.J. Frechet 한국고분자학회 2006 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2006 No.10

Advantages of Azithromycin Over Erythromycin in Improving the Gastric Emptying Half-Time in Adult Patients With Gastroparesis

( Jean M Larson ),( Anna Tavakkoli ),( Walter E Drane ),( Phillip P Toskes ),( Baharak Moshiree ) 대한소화관운동학회 2010 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.16 No.4

Background/Aims Current therapy for gastroparesis with prokinetic agents is limited by options and side effects. One macrolide, erythromycin (ERY), is associated with possible sudden cardiac death from QT prolongation due to P450 iso-enzyme inhibition. An alternative, azithromycin (AZI), lacks P450 inhibition. We compared the effect on gastric emptying half-times (t½) between AZI and ERY in patients diagnosed with gastroparesis by gastric emptying scintigraphy. Methods Patients stopped medications known to affect gastric emptying prior to the study, and then ingested 1 scrambled egg meal labeled with 18.5-37 MBq of technetium-99m sulfur colloid followed by continuous imaging for 120 minutes, at 1 minute per frame. A simple linear fit was applied to the rate of gastric emptying, and gastric emptying t½ was calculated (normal =45-90 minutes). At 75-80 minutes, if the stomach had clearly not emptied, patients were given either ERY (n=60) or AZI (n=60) 250 mg IV and a new post-treatment gastric emptying t½ was calculated. Results Comparison of gastric emptying t½ showed a similar positive effect (mean gastric emptying t½ for AZI=10.4±7.2 minutes; mean gastric emptying t½ for ERY=11.9±8.4 minutes; p=0.30). Conclusions AZI is equivalent to ERY in accelerating the gastric emptying of adult patients with gastroparesis. Given the longer duration of action, better side effect profile and lack of P450 interaction for AZI as compared with ERY, further research should evaluate the long term effectiveness and safety of AZI as a gastroparesis treatment. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2010;16:407-413)