The Underutilization of Lifestyle Modifications in Primary Care Medicine

Jean-Marc Lucas(Jean-Marc Lucas ),Karl F. Kozlowski(Karl F. Kozlowski ) 사피엔시아 2019 Exercise Medicine Vol.3 No.-

Chronic disease accounts for the majority of deaths in the United States and is often attributed to obesity. A sedentary lifestyle and poor nutrition are primary contributing factors to the development of obesity and thus chronic disease. Primary care providers are optimally positioned to prescribe exercise and nutrition (lifestyle medicine) as a treatment for chronic disease. Unfortunately, this opportunity seems to be regularly lost. Primary care providers often rely too heavily on weight loss pharmaceuticals and bariatric surgeries to treat obesity. This treatment approach however also does little to prevent and treat the accumulation of chronic diseases. The purpose of this review was to evaluate the efficacy of conventional medical weight loss treatments and determine why primary care providers may not prescribe exercise and nutrition more frequently. Our findings suggest that some primary care providers may be uncomfortable prescribing lifestyle medicine as they receive little formal education in this field. In conclusion, prescription of exercise and nutrition by primary care providers may elicit greater long-term weight loss than current medical weight management practices. Medical management is most likely effective when combined with lifestyle medicine. We propose that primary care providers be better trained in lifestyle medicine through their formal and clinical education. Rates of chronic disease accumulation may potentially decrease if providers prescribe lifestyle medical treatments more frequently.

Using Mobile Vocabulary Learning Apps as Aids to Knowledge Retention: Business Vocabulary Acquisition

Lucas Kohnke,Ruofei Zhang,Di Zou 아시아테플 2019 The Journal of Asia TEFL Vol.16 No.2

Nutritional and productive parameters of Holstein/Zebu cows fed diets containing cactus pear

Lucas Daniel Alcantara Borges,Vicente Ribeiro Rocha Junior,Flavio Pinto Moncao,Camila Soares,Jose Reinaldo Mendes Ruas,Fredson Vieira e Silva,Joao Paulo Sampaio Rigueira,Natanael Mendes Costa,Laura Lu 아세아·태평양축산학회 2019 Animal Bioscience Vol.32 No.9

Objective: This study ascertained effects of cactus pear in association with different roughage in the diet of F1 Holstein/Zebu cows on intake, nutrient digestibility, nitrogen balance, ingestive behavior and performance. Methods: Eight cows with 72±11 days of lactation were used. The experimental design was simultaneous in two 4×4 Latin squares. Four experimental diets were used: Diet 1, sorghum silage as exclusive roughage; Diet 2, sorghum silage associated with cactus pear in a proportion of 50% of the roughage (dry matter basis); Diet 3, elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Roxo) as exclusive roughage; Diet 4, elephant grass associated with cactus pear in a proportion of 50% of the roughage. The roughage:concentrate ratio was 75:25. Results: Dry matter intake (p = 0.01) was higher with sorghum silage. There were differences in dry matter intake (p = 0.01), crude protein (p<0.01), ether extract (p = 0.01), non-fibrous carbohydrates (p<0.01) and total digestible nutrients (p = 0.01) among the diets. Cactus pear in the diet reduced water intake by 44.52% (p<0.01). The nitrogen balance was 59.71% and 27.49% lower in animals treated with exclusive sorghum silage and sorghum silage associated with cactus pear in relation to diets with elephant grass and elephant grass associated with cactus pear, respectively (p<0.01). The diets did not influence the milk production (p = 0.70), 3.5% fat corrected milk production (p = 0.72) or feed efficiency (p = 0.61). Conclusion: The association of cactus pear with sorghum or elephant grass silage does not alter milk production, reduces the intake of dry matter and water and improves the digestibility of nutrients.

Fault diagnosis of rolling bearings using unsupervised dynamic time warping-aided artificial immune system

Lucas Veronez Goulart Ferreira,Laxmi Rathour,Devika Dabke,Fabio Roberto Chavarette,Vishnu Narayan Mishra 한국전산응용수학회 2023 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.41 No.6

Rotating machines heavily rely on an intricate network of interconnected sub-components, with bearing failures accounting for a substantial proportion (40$\%$ to 90$\%$) of all such failures. To address this issue, intelligent algorithms have been developed to evaluate vibrational signals and accurately detect faults, thereby reducing the reliance on expert knowledge and lowering maintenance costs. Within the field of machine learning, Artificial Immune Systems (AIS) have exhibited notable potential, with applications ranging from malware detection in computer systems to fault detection in bearings, which is the primary focus of this study. In pursuit of this objective, we propose a novel procedure for detecting novel instances of anomalies in varying operating conditions, utilizing only the signals derived from the healthy state of the analyzed machine. Our approach incorporates AIS augmented by Dynamic Time Warping (DTW). The experimental outcomes demonstrate that the AIS-DTW method yields a considerable improvement in anomaly detection rates (up to 53.83$\%$) compared to the conventional AIS. In summary, our findings indicate that our method represents a significant advancement in enhancing the resilience of AIS-based novelty detection, thereby bolstering the reliability of rotating machines and reducing the need for expertise in bearing fault detection.

Sphenoid bone changes in rapid maxillary expansion assessed with cone-beam computed tomography

Lucas S. Stepanko,Manuel O. Lagravere 대한치과교정학회 2016 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.46 No.5

Objective: Rapid maxillary expansion (RME) is used to expand the maxilla and increase arch perimeter; yet, there are few reports on its effects on the sphenoid bone. With cone-beam computed topography (CBCT), it is possible to visualize sphenoid bone changes. The purpose of this study was to investigate sphenoid bone changes observed in conjunction with RME treatments, using CBCT. Methods: Sixty patients (34 women and 26 men, aged 11–17 years) underwent RME as part of their orthodontic treatment. Patients were randomly assigned to one of three groups: a tooth-anchored group, a bone-anchored group, or a control group. Initial CBCT scans were performed preceding the RME treatment (T₁) and again directly after the completion of expansion (T₂). Statistical analysis included ANOVA, descriptive statistics, and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results: The reliability of the landmark location was at least 0.783, and the largest ICC mean measurement error was 2.32 mm. With regard to distances, the largest change was 0.78 mm, which was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Statistical significance was established in patient groups of the same sex and treatment type for the following distance measurements: right anterior lateral pterygoid plate to the right edge of the hypophyseal fossa (d₂), anterior distance between the medial pterygoid plates (d₄), and anterior distance between the left medial and lateral plates (d8). Conclusions: In this study, there were no clinically significant changes in the sphenoid bone due to RME treatments regardless of sex or treatment type.

Application of the Fuzzy Logic for the Development of Automnomous Robot with Obstacles Deviation

Lucas Alves Dias,Roger William de Oliveira Silva,Paulo César da Silva Emanuel,André Ferrus Filho,Rodrigo Teixeira Bento 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2018 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.16 No.2

This paper proposed to elaborate a navigation system for an autonomous mobile robot, able to deviate from obstacles, from the study and application of Fuzzy Logic. With the algorithm in operation, it was verified that the Fuzzy logic offers a smoother transition in the movements. In order to validate the efficiency of the navigation system created, simulations were performed with the robot according to the rules inserted in the Fuzzy controller, where the input values of the sensors and the output values in the PWM of the board were analyzed. The results obtained were consistent with the responses given by the simulation in MatLab, following the same trend of behavior. With the realization of this project, it was concluded that the Fuzzy methodology presents a solution to the problems of navigation in real environments, allowing to implement a controller for an autonomous robot that can deflect obstacles avoiding their collision. One of the problems encountered is the angle of actuation of the ultrasonic sensors. This type of sensor works with an angle of actuation of 15◦, which leaves the robot with a low vision area in the use of three sensors. As a result, there may be no reading on objects entering zones without detection, leading to a collision with these obstacles. The responses were satisfactory, following the same trend behavior of the simulations of the Fuzzy controller.

Effect of fluorescent brighteners on the insecticidal activity of B. thuringieniss var. kurstaki (Btk) and LdMNPV on Lymantria dispar asiatica in Korea

Lucas Mezione de Carvalho,Hwal-Su Hwang,Kyeong-Yeoll Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2023 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2023 No.10

Stilbene-based fluorescent brighteners (FB) have been shown to enhance insecticidal activities of entomopathogenic viruses but little is known its effect on entomopathogenic bacteria. We investigated the effect of two FBs (FB 28 and FB 71) on the insecticidal activity of B. thuringiensis var. kurstaki (Btk) as well as the Lymantria dispar multiple nuclear polyhedrosis virus (LdMNPV) in Lymantria dispar asiatica. FB 28 increased the mortality at the combination with low concentration (1.6×102 IU/ml) of Btk, but FB 71 slightly reduced the mortality with middle and high concentrations (1.6×103 and 1.6×104 IU/ml) of Btk in comparison to Btk alone. Both FB 28 and FB 71 increased mortality in combination with LdMNPV at all concentrations (3×102, 3×104, and 3×106 POBs/ml) compared to LdMNPV alone. Our findings suggest that FBs enhanced pathogenic activities but depend on chemical nature of FBs.

The effect of repeated surface treatment of zirconia on its bond strength to resin cement

Lucas Campagnaro Maciel,Marina Amaral,Daher Antonio Queiroz,Kusai Baroudi,Laís Regiane Silva-Concílio 대한치과보철학회 2020 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.12 No.5

PURPOSE. The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of repeated surface treatments on wettability and surface roughness for zirconia surface and bond strength of zirconia-based ceramics to resin cement. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Seventy blocks (10 × 10 × 3 mm) of zirconia-based ceramics were fabricated and divided into two groups according to the surface treatments: (A) 110 μm Al2O3 airborne-particle abrasion and (R) 110 μm silica modified Al2O3 airborne-particle abrasion. At stage 2, each group was subdivided into 5 groups according to the surface retreatments: (a) 110 μm Al2O3 airborne-particle abrasion, (r) 110 μm silica modified Al2O3 airborne-particle abrasion, (D) diamond bur, (Da) diamond bur + 110 μm Al2O3 airborne-particle abrasion, and (Dr) diamond bur + 110 μm silica modified Al2O3 airborne-particle abrasion. Cylinders of self-adhesive resin cement were cemented onto each treated ceramic surface and subjected to micro-shear bond strength test. Additional specimens were prepared for roughness and wettability analyses. The data were subjected to t-test and One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test (α=.05). RESULTS. At stage 1, group R presented higher bond strength values than group A (P=.000). There was a statistically significant increase of bond strength at stage 2 for group A (P=.003). The diamond bur influenced the surface roughness, increasing the values (P=.023). Group R provided better wettability. Regardless of the applied surface treatment, most of failures were adhesive. CONCLUSION. The combination of application and reapplication of Rocatec Plus showed the best results of bond strength. Surface retreatment and recementation might be an indicated clinical strategy.

Effect of fluorescent brighteners on the insecticidal activity of LdMNPV and Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki on Lymantria dispar asiatica in Korea

Lucas Mezione de Carvalho,Hwal-Su Hwang,Kyeong-Yeoll Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2023 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2023 No.04

Distortional Moment Capacity Prediction Analysis of Cold-Formed Rack Section Steel Beams Using the Direct Strength Method (DSM)

Lucas Rabelo Crunivnel,Gregorio Sandro Vieira,Juliano Geraldo Ribeiro Neto 한국강구조학회 2021 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.21 No.6

Due to the wide variety of cross-sections and their good mass/strength ratio, cold-formed steel (CFS) components are gaining prominence among steel structures, although this material is more susceptible to local, distortional, and global buckling. The design procedure based on the direct strength method (DSM) presented in some codes as the Brazilian, the American Iron and Steel Institute, and the Australia/New Zealand (AS/NZ), have been well accepted for estimating simply and safely the moment capacity of beams subject to distortional buckling. However, more recent studies show that DSM design can lead to unsafe moment capacity for beams with a high slenderness factor of distortional buckling. This study analyzes the results from 64 models developed using the fi nite element analyses (FEA) with the Abaqus software to determine the distortional moment capacity of CFS rack type beams. The selection of the specimens in which the distortional buckling mode is predominant (modal participation analysis) was performed through a linear stability analysis using the GBTul software. The nonlinear elastoplastic fi nite element model was created, including initial imperfections, and a parametric study was developed to investigate the infl uence of the slenderness factor of distortional buckling on CFS rack beams' moment capacity. The FEA results were compared with DSM results to verify the accuracy of this method to predict distortional moment capacity. It is shown that, for CFS rack beams subject to uniform bending and distortional buckling with slenderness factor of distortional buckling higher than 1.0, the DSM overestimates the moment capacity.