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Lotte E. de Groot-de Laat,Jackie McGhie,Ben Ren,René Frowijn,Frans B. Oei,Marcel L. Geleijnse 한국심초음파학회 2019 Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging (J Cardiovasc Im Vol.27 No.3
In this report, we provide an overview of a new, updated echocardiographic classification of mitral regurgitation mechanisms to provide a more comprehensive and detailed assessment of mitral valve disorders. This is relevant to modern mitral valve repair techniques, with special attention to the added value of 3D-echocardiography.
Housing Welfare Policies in Scandinavia: A Comparative Perspective on a Transition Era
Jensen, Lotte Land and Housing Institute 2013 LHI journal of land, housing, and urban affairs Vol.4 No.2
It is commonplace to refer to the Nordic countries of Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Finland and Iceland as a distinctive and homogenous welfare regime. As far as social housing is concerned, however, the institutional heritage of the respective countries significantly frames the ways in which social housing is understood, regulated and subsidized, and, in turn, how housing regimes respond to the general challenges to the national welfare states. The paper presents a historical institutionalist approach to understanding the diversity of regime responses in the modern era characterized by increasing marketization, welfare criticism and internationalization. The aim is to provide outside readers a theoretically guided empirical insight into Scandinavian social housing policy. The paper first lines up the core of the inbuilt argument of historical institutionalism in housing policy. Secondly, it briefly introduces the distinctive ideal typical features of the five housing regimes, which reveals the first internal distinction between the universal policies of Sweden and Denmark selective policies of Iceland and Finland. The Norwegian case constitutes a transitional model from general to selective during the past quarter of a decade. The third section then concentrates on the differences between Denmark, Sweden and Norway in which social housing is, our was originally, embedded in a universal welfare policy targeting the general level of housing quality for the entire population. Differences stand out, however, between finance, ownership, regulation and governance. The historical institutional argument is, that these differences frame the way in which actors operating on the respective policy arenas can and do respond to challenges. Here, in this section we lose Norway, which de facto has come to operate in a residual manner, due to contemporary effects of the long historical heritage of home ownership. The fourth section then discusses the recent challenges of welfare criticism, internationalization and marketization to the universal models in Denmark and Sweden. Here, it is argued that the institutional differences between the Swedish model of municipal ownership and the Danish model of independent cooperative social housing associations provides different sources of resistance to the prospective dismantlement of social housing as we know it. The fifth section presents the recent Danish reform of the governance model of social housing policy in which the housing associations are conceived of as 'dialogue partners' in the local housing policy, expected to create solutions to, rather than produce problems in social housing areas. The reform testifies to the strategic ability of the Danish social housing associations to employ their historically grounded institutional relative independence of the public system.
( Donghua Liao ),( Christian Lottrup ),( Lotte Fynne ),( Barry P Mcmahon ),( Klaus Krogh ),( Asbjørn M Drewes ),( Jingbo Zhao ),( Hans Gregersen ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2018 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.24 No.2
Background/Aims Efficient transport through the esophago-gastric junction (EGJ) requires synchronized circular and longitudinal muscle contraction of the esophagus including relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). However, there is a scarcity of technology for measuring esophagus movements in the longitudinal (axial) direction. The aim of this study is to develop new analytical tools for dynamic evaluation of the length change and axial movement of the human LES based on the functional luminal imaging probe (FLIP) technology and to present normal signatures for the selected parameters. Methods Six healthy volunteers without hiatal hernia were included. Data were analyzed from stepwise LES distensions at 20, 30, and 40 mL bag volumes. The bag pressure and the diameter change were used for motion analysis in the LES. The cyclic bag pressure frequency was used to distinguish dynamic changes of the LES induced by respiration and secondary peristalsis. Results Cyclic fluctuations of the LES were evoked by respiration and isovolumetric distension, with phasic changes of bag pressure, diameter, length, and axial movement of the LES narrow zone. Compared to the respiration-induced LES fluctuations, peristaltic contractions increased the contraction pressure amplitude (P < 0.001), shortening (P < 0.001), axial movement (P < 0.001), and diameter change (P < 0.01) of the narrow zone. The length of the narrow zone shortened as function of the pressure increase. Conclusions FLIP can be used for evaluation of dynamic length changes and axial movement of the human LES. The method may shed light on abnormal longitudinal muscle activity in esophageal disorders. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018;24:255-267)
An Air-Interface for Ad Hoc Networks Supporting High Mobility
Lott, Matthias,Ebner, Andre,Meincke, Michael,Halfmann, Rudiger,Wischhof, Lars,Schulz, Egon,Rohling, The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2004 Journal of communications and networks Vol.6 No.4
In this paper, a novel air-interface is presented for Fleet-Net1, a self-organizing network for inter-vehicle and vehicle-toroadsidecommunication. The air-interface is based upon the lowchip-rate version of UMTS/TDD. To adapt the cellular UMTS standard to an air-interface for ad hoc networks, changes of the physical layer, medium access control sub-layer and radio resource management are required. An overview of the required modifications is given here. Particularly, a decentralized synchronization mechanism is presented and analyzed by means of simulations. Furthermore, changes for the medium access control are explained in detail, which allow for an efficient operation in partly meshed networks and prioritization. Performance results of the overall system considering throughput and delay are derived by means of analytical evaluations and event-driven simulations. Based on realistic mobility models, it is shown that the presented solution provides a robust communication platform even in vehicular environments. The proposed air-interface is a cost-effective solution not only for inter-vehicle communication, but also for ad hoc networking in general, benefiting from the mass-market of UMTS.