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        Writing for Wikipedia: Teaching: An Authentic Writing Experience

        Michelle Commeyras,Lisa Lang,Amy Jo Evers 순천향대학교 2012 순천향 인문과학논총 Vol.31 No.1

        MIT의 비교미디어전공과 같은 대학원전공은 학생들로 하여금 대중 지성이 되도록 준비시키는데 이는 전문화된 지식을 일반 관중을 대상으로 한 담론으로 변환시키는 방법을 찾도록 하는데서 비롯된다. 그리고 위키피디아 글쓰기가 그 방법이 될 수 있다. 미국의 읽기 교육 역사에 대한 대학원 세미나에서 각 개별 관심 분야로 나누어지기 전에 Nila Banton Smith의 "미국 읽기 교육"을 먼저 다루었다. 이 글은 위키피디아 글쓰기를 다음의 관점에서 검토했다. 즉 학생들의 쓰기 능력을 결정하고 장려하는 최선의 방법은 학생 스스로 시간을 갖고 글을 쓰면서 발전시키는데 그리고 지속적인 피드백과 격려의 반응을 보이면서 글쓰기를 지도해야 된다는 점이다. Graduate programs such as the comparative media studies program (at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology) prepare students to become public intellectuals by finding ways to translate specialized knowledge into a discourse for a general audience. We found that writing for Wikipedia was one way to do this. In a graduate seminar on the history of English reading education in the U.S. we all read Nila Banton Smith's 2002/1965 "American Reading Instruction" before branching off to study areas of particular interest. In this essay we examine writing for Wikipedia from the perspective that the best way to determine and encourage students' writing ability is to focus on writing that is student-owned, developed over time, and guided by ongoing feedback and supportive response.

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        Local immune cell contributions to fracture healing in aged individuals – A novel role for interleukin 22

        Bucher Christian H.,Berkmann Julia C.,Burkhardt Lisa-Marie,Paschke Carolin,Schlundt Claudia,Lang Annemarie,Wolter Angelique,Damerau Alexandra,Geissler Sven,Volk Hans-Dieter,Duda Georg N.,Schmidt-Bleek 생화학분자생물학회 2022 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.54 No.-

        With increasing age, the risk of bone fractures increases while regenerative capacity decreases. This variation in healing potential appears to be linked to adaptive immunity, but the underlying mechanism is still unknown. This study sheds light on immunoaging/inflammaging, which impacts regenerative processes in aging individuals. In an aged preclinical model system, different levels of immunoaging were analyzed to identify key factors that connect immunoaged/inflammaged conditions with bone formation after long bone fracture. Immunological facets, progenitor cells, the microbiome, and confounders were monitored locally at the injury site and systemically in relation to healing outcomes in 12-month-old mice with distinct individual levels of immunoaging. Bone tissue formation during healing was delayed in the immunoaged group and could be associated with significant changes in cytokine levels. A prolonged and amplified pro-inflammatory reaction was caused by upregulated immune cell activation markers, increased chemokine receptor availability and a lack of inhibitory signaling. In immunoaged mice, interleukin-22 was identified as a core cell signaling protein that played a central role in delayed healing. Therapeutic neutralization of IL-22 reversed this specific immunoaging-related disturbed healing. Immunoaging was found to be an influencing factor of decreased regenerative capacity in aged individuals. Furthermore, a novel therapeutic strategy of neutralizing IL-22 may successfully rejuvenate healing in individuals with advanced immune experiences.

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