Effect of Fe and Mn Content on the Microstructures and Tensile Behaviour of AlSi7Cu3 Alloy: Thermal Analysis and Tensile Tests

Zaidao Li,Nathalie Limodin,Amina Tandjaoui,Philippe Quaegebeur,Xiangzhen Zhu,David Balloy 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.9

The present study was performed on two AlSi7Cu3 alloys with different Fe and Mn contents (standard alloy and high-Fe/Mnalloy). The evolution of microstructures during solidification of the standard AlSi7Cu3 alloy was investigated by thermalanalysis and interrupted quenching test. The effect of Fe and Mn content on the solidification reaction and sequence werestudied. The results show that increasing the Fe and Mn content changes the precipitation sequence of the iron-intermetallicα-Al15 (Fe,Mn)3Si2 and β-Al5FeSi, leading to the precipitation of α + β phases at a higher temperature. Microstructural characterizationswere also performed on the fully solidified alloys to study the effect of Fe and Mn content on the microstructureof AlSi7Cu3 alloy. Fe and Mn were found to promote the formation of Fe-intermetallics. With the increase of Fe/Mn content,Fe-intermetallics increased in both size and amount, while more small pores (Feret diameter < 200 μm) were also introduced. 3D networks of α-Al15(Fe,Mn)3Si2 and β-Al5FeSi phases were revealed by Lab X-ray Computed Tomography, however, it isdifficult to perform a quantitative analysis of the respective volume fraction of α-Al15(Fe,Mn)3Si2 and β-Al5FeSi phase fromtheir 3D morphology. Monotonic tensile tests on both alloys show the mechanical properties of the studied alloys were notsensitive to the Fe/Mn content, while the fractography analysis reveals that cracks growth and final fracture under monotonicload are more prone to occur through the eutectic Si, Al2Cuphases and iron-intermetallics than through aluminium matrix.

Response: In Situ Mobilization of Patients with Obesity as a Key Determinant of Weight Loss Interventions (J Obes Metab Syndr 2020;29:292-302)

David Thivel,Géraldine Rix-Lièvre,Michel Recope 대한비만학회 2022 Journal of obesity & metabolic syndrome Vol.31 No.1

Response: In Situ Mobilization of Patients with Obesity as a Key Determinant of Weight Loss Interventions (J Obes Metab Syndr 2020;29:292-302)

David Thivel,Géraldine Rix-Lièvre,Michel Recope 대한비만학회 2022 The Korean journal of obesity Vol.31 No.1

None

Sustainable in situ remediation of recalcitrant organic pollutants in groundwater with controlled release materials: A review

O'Connor, David,Hou, Deyi,Ok, Yong Sik,Song, Yinan,Sarmah, Ajit K.,Li, Xuanru,Tack, Filip M.G. Elsevier 2018 Journal of controlled release Vol.283 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The removal of recalcitrant organic pollutants in groundwater is a challenge being faced around the world. Achieving effective long-term remediation of contaminated aquifers faces a variety of significant issues such as back diffusion, tailing, and rebound. In recent years, some researchers have proposed the use of controlled release materials (CRMs) as a new approach to counteracting such issues. The novelty of CRMs lies in that they release their active products slowly, over prolonged periods of time, in order to sustain in situ treatments and long-term effectiveness. Here we review the main constituents of CRMs, analyze their production, characterization, and applications, with a focus on reaction mechanisms, effectiveness, and secondary effects. This review shows that the reactive components of CRMs most commonly involve either: (i) chemical oxidants to treat contaminants such as TCE, PCE, BTEX, and 1,4-Dioxane; (ii) sources of dissolved oxygen to stimulate aerobic biodegradation of contaminants such as BTEX and 1,4-Dioxane; or, (iii) substrates that stimulate reductive dechlorination of contaminants such as TCE and 1,2-DCA. It was found that in some studies, CRMs provided sustained delivery of CRM treatment reagents over several years, and achieved complete contaminant removal. However, lower removal rates were apparent in other cases, which may be ascribed to insufficient dispersion in the subsurface. There are a relatively limited number of field-scale applications of CRMs in contaminated land remediation. Those conducted to date suggest that CRMs could prove to be an effective future remediation strategy. Lessons learned from field applications, suggestions for future research directions, and conclusions are put forward in this review.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Long-term remediation of groundwater remains very challenging. </LI> <LI> Researchers have proposed the use of a variety of controlled release materials. </LI> <LI> They can release chemical oxidants, sources of dissolved oxygen, or substrates. </LI> <LI> Some controlled release materials can sustain reagent release for several years. </LI> <LI> Future research needs are put forward to help further develop these materials. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Thermally crosslinked sulfonated polybenzimidazole membranes and their performance in high temperature polymer electrolyte fuel cells

Nambi Krishnan, N.,Konovalova, Anastasiia,Aili, David,Li, Qingfeng,Park, Hyun Seo,Jang, Jong Hyun,Kim, Hyoung-Juhn,Henkensmeier, Dirk Elsevier 2019 Journal of membrane science Vol.588 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The degradation pathway of phosphoric acid doped polybenzimidazole membranes in high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells depends on the acid contents. If it is high, creep is discussed as the main reason. If it is low (membranes prepared by solvent evaporation and post-doping), the main cause may be loss of acid due to evaporation. The net transport of acid to the anode side at high current densities should also lead to local softening of the membrane, which could be mitigated by crosslinking the membrane.</P> <P>Here we show that sulfonated <I>para</I>-polybenzimidazole membranes can be stabilized by curing at 350 °C. In contrast to <I>meta</I>-polybenzimidazole and sulfonated <I>para</I>-polybenzimidazole, crosslinked sulfonated <I>para</I>-polybenzimidazole is insoluble in dimethylacetamide at room temperature and phosphoric acid at 160 °C. At 160 °C and 5% relative humidity the conductivity of crosslinked sulfonated <I>para</I>-polybenzimidazole and <I>meta</I>-polybenzimidazole is 214 mS cm<SUP>−1</SUP> and 147 mS cm<SUP>−1</SUP>, respectively. At 600 mA cm<SUP>−</SUP> <SUP>2</SUP>, the voltage decay rate is 16 μV h<SUP>−1</SUP>, much lower than published for commercial <I>meta</I>-polybenzimidazole (308 μV h<SUP>−1</SUP>). Furthermore, the average voltage at 600 mA cm<SUP>−</SUP> <SUP>2</SUP> is 523 mV, while a previously published cured <I>meta</I>-polybenzimidazole membrane only reaches 475 mV.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Sulfonated <I>para</I>-PBI is covalently crosslinked by heating. </LI> <LI> Membranes are stable in DMAc at 27 °C and in 85 wt% phosphoric acid at 160 °C. </LI> <LI> Non-crosslinked sulfonated <I>para</I>-PBI and <I>meta</I>-PBI dissolve under these conditions. </LI> <LI> Conductivity is 44% higher than for <I>meta</I>-PBI. </LI> <LI> Fuel cell performance is stable; test time was 2100 h, half of that at 600 mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP> </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Perspective on Oncogenic Processes at the End of the Beginning of Cancer Genomics

Ding, Li,Bailey, Matthew H.,Porta-Pardo, Eduard,Thorsson, Vesteinn,Colaprico, Antonio,Bertrand, Denis,Gibbs, David L.,Weerasinghe, Amila,Huang, Kuan-lin,Tokheim, Collin,Corté,s-Ciriano, Isidro,J Elsevier 2018 Cell Vol.173 No.2

<P><B>Summary</B></P> <P>The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) has catalyzed systematic characterization of diverse genomic alterations underlying human cancers. At this historic junction marking the completion of genomic characterization of over 11,000 tumors from 33 cancer types, we present our current understanding of the molecular processes governing oncogenesis. We illustrate our insights into cancer through synthesis of the findings of the TCGA PanCancer Atlas project on three facets of oncogenesis: (1) somatic driver mutations, germline pathogenic variants, and their interactions in the tumor; (2) the influence of the tumor genome and epigenome on transcriptome and proteome; and (3) the relationship between tumor and the microenvironment, including implications for drugs targeting driver events and immunotherapies. These results will anchor future characterization of rare and common tumor types, primary and relapsed tumors, and cancers across ancestry groups and will guide the deployment of clinical genomic sequencing.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> An overview of PanCancer Atlas analyses on oncogenic molecular processes </LI> <LI> Germline genome affects somatic genomic landscape in a pathway-dependent fashion </LI> <LI> Genome mutations impact expression, signaling, and multi-omic profiles </LI> <LI> Mutation burdens and drivers influence immune-cell composition in microenvironment </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical Abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Inhibition of a NEDD8 Cascade Restores Restriction of HIV by APOBEC3G

( David J Stanley ),( Koen Bartholomeeusen ),( David C Crosby ),( Dong Yong Kim ),( Eunju Kwon ),( Linda Yen ),( Nathalie Caretta Cartazo ),( Ming Li ),( Stefanie J?ger ),( Jeremy Mason Herr ),( Fumia 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2013 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.23 No.0

Cellular restriction factors help to defend humans against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV accessory proteins hijack at least three different Cullin-RING ubiquitin ligases, which must be activated by the small ubiquitin-like protein NEDD8, in order to counteract host cellularrestriction factors. We found that conjugation of NEDD8 to Cullin-5 by the NEDD8-conjugating enzyme UBE2F is required for HIV Vif-mediated degradation of the host restriction factor APOBEC3G (A3G). Pharmacological inhibition of the NEDD8 E1 by MLN4924 or knockdown of either UBE2F or its RING-protein binding partner RBX2 bypasses the effect of Vif, restoring the restriction of HIV by A3G. NMR mapping and mutational analyses define specificity determinants of the UBE2F NEDD8 cascade. These studies demonstrate that disrupting host NEDD8 cascades presents a novel antiretroviral therapeutic approach enhancing the ability of the immune system to combat HIV.

Latest Sizing Solution for Fine Paper Seoul

David Li 한국펄프·종이공학회 2008 펄프종이기술국제세미나 Vol.33 No.-

Discovery and Validation of Salivary Extracellular RNA Biomarkers for Noninvasive Detection of Gastric Cancer

Li, Feng,Yoshizawa, Janice M.,Kim, Kyoung-Mee,Kanjanapangka, Julie,Grogan, Tristan R.,Wang, Xiaoyan,Elashoff, David E.,Ishikawa, Shigeo,Chia, David,Liao, Wei,Akin, David,Yan, Xinmin,Lee, Min-Sun,Choi, American Association for Clinical Chemistry, Inc. 2018 Clinical chemistry Vol.64 No.10

<P><B>BACKGROUND:</B></P><P>Biomarkers are needed for noninvasive early detection of gastric cancer (GC). We investigated salivary extracellular RNA (exRNA) biomarkers as potential clinical evaluation tools for GC.</P><P><B>METHODS:</B></P><P>Unstimulated whole saliva samples were prospectively collected from 294 individuals (163 GC and 131 non-GC patients) who underwent endoscopic evaluation at the Samsung Medical Center in Korea. Salivary transcriptomes of 63 GC and 31 non-GC patients were profiled, and mRNA biomarker candidates were verified with reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). In parallel, microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers were profiled and verified with saliva samples from 10 GC and 10 non-GC patients. Candidate biomarkers were validated with RT-qPCR in an independent cohort of 100/100 saliva samples from GC and non-GC patients. Validated individual markers were configured into a best performance panel.</P><P><B>RESULTS:</B></P><P>We identified 30 mRNA and 15 miRNA candidates whose expression pattern associated with the presence of GC. Among them, 12 mRNA and 6 miRNA candidates were verified with the discovery cohort by RT-qPCR and further validated with the independent cohort (n = 200). The configured biomarker panel consisted of 3 mRNAs (<I>SPINK7</I>, <I>PPL</I>, and <I>SEMA4B</I>) and 2 miRNAs (<I>MIR140-5p</I> and <I>MIR301a</I>), which were all significantly down-regulated in the GC group, and yielded an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.81 (95% CI, 0.72–0.89). When combined with demographic factors, the AUC of the biomarker panel reached 0.87 (95% CI, 0.80–0.93).</P><P><B>CONCLUSIONS:</B></P><P>We have discovered and validated a panel of salivary exRNA biomarkers with credible clinical performance for the detection of GC. Our study demonstrates the potential utility of salivary exRNA biomarkers in screening and risk assessment for GC.</P>

Affective Decision-Making among Preschool Children in Diverse Cultural Contexts

Li Qu,Gao Shan,Cindy Yip,Hong Li,Philip David Zelazo 한국아동학회 2012 Child studies in Asia-Pacific context Vol.2 No.2

The current study examined 3- and 4-year-olds` affective decision-making in a variety of cultural contexts by comparing European Canadian children to Chinese Canadian, Hong Kong Chinese, and mainland Chinese children (N = 245). All children were tested with a delay of gratification task in which children chose between an immediate reward of lower value and a delayed reward of higher value. Results showed that Chinese Canadian and Hong Kong Chinese children chose more delayed rewards than European Canadian children, with mainland Chinese children showing a trend toward more delayed rewards. Across cultures, 4-year-olds chose more delayed rewards than 3-year-olds; and among 4-year-olds, girls made more such choices than boys. The findings are consistent with previous findings that exposure to Chinese culture is associated with better cool executive function, but they also highlight the importance of examining development across diverse cultural contexts.