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Lewis Daniel,Marya Shivan,Carrasco Roberto,Sabou Silviu,Leach John 대한척추외과학회 2023 Asian Spine Journal Vol.17 No.5
Study Design: Retrospective single-center study.Purpose: This study aims to evaluate perioperative and intermediate-term clinical outcomes of patients undergoing different lumbar fusion techniques.Overview of Literature: Various open and minimally invasive techniques for lumbar fusion are available, but previous studies comparing lumbar fusion techniques have heterogeneous data, making interpretation challenging.Methods: Between 2011 and 2018, data from 447 consecutive patients undergoing one/two-level lumbar fusion were analyzed. Posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) with bilateral muscle strip or Wiltse approach, open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) and minimally invasive TLIF, and posterolateral fusion only were among the surgical techniques used. Core outcomes measure index (COMI) questionnaires were distributed before surgery and at 3 months, 1 year, and 2 years postoperatively to establish patient selfreported outcome measures. Demographic data (age, gender, and body mass index [BMI]) for each patient were also collected in addition to surgical indication, previous operative history, perioperative outcomes, and complications, and whether later revision surgery was required. Pearson’s chi-square test, Kruskal-Wallis test, repeated measure mixed-effects models, and ordinal logistic regression were used for statistical analysis.Results: Postoperative COMI scores improved across all procedures compared with pre-surgery (<i>p</i><0.001). There was no significant difference between different postoperative COMI scores. Significant predictors of higher postoperative COMI score included higher pretreatment COMI score (<i>p</i>≤0.001), previous surgery (<i>p</i>≤0.04), younger age (<i>p</i>≤0.05), higher BMI (<i>p</i>≤0.005), and the indications of lytic spondylolisthesis (<i>p</i>=0.02) and degenerative disc disease (<i>p</i><0.001). Patients undergoing minimally invasive TLIF had a significantly shorter post-surgery stay than patients undergoing open PLIF (Kruskal-Wallis test, <i>p</i>=0.03).Conclusions: At 2 years postoperatively, there was no significant difference in clinical outcomes between open and minimally invasive techniques. These findings suggest that the main determinant of surgical approach should be surgeon preference and training.
Manufacture of High Quality Musical Steel Drums in Trinidad and Tobago
Lewis Winston G.,Ameerali Aaron O.,Pun Kit-Fai The Korean Society for Quality Management 2005 The Asian Journal on Quality Vol.6 No.3
This paper explores innovative manufacturing processes, which can be used to manufacture the national musical instrument of Trinidad and Tobago, the Musical Steel Drum or Steel Pan. The main manufacturing process used today is the manual hand-forming technique. In order to achieve more consistent and deeper formed components while maintaining the high quality of the instrument, it is proposed that the Marforming process and the Flow-forming process, an adaptation of the Spinforming process, be used more frequently in the future to replace the traditional Hand-forming method. In the traditional Spinforming technique material is pushed from the outer circumference of the metal disc to the center in progressive passes of the former. This results in a thinning of the outer region of the formed component with thickening of the center, however the opposite is required for the musical steel drum and by adapting the process the required strain distributions were achieved. Evaluation took the form of strain analyses of pre-formed steel drums and visual inspection of the quality of the surface finish. It was found that the Marformed components had the smallest range of strain values while the Spinformed components had the largest range.
The Brassica/Arabidopsis Comparative Genome Browser A Novel Approach to Genome Browsing
Lewis Christopher T.,Sharpe Andrew G.,Lydiate Derek J.,Parkin Isobel A.P. The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2003 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.5 No.4
Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) has enabled a visually appealing, browser-based application for the display of Brassica sequences relative to Arabidopsis thaliana, and there are currently more than 70,000 B. napus Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) displayed. The client side of this browser is based on a Custom Graphical User Interface (CGUI) library which uses SVG, a new web graphics standard, to provide windowing functionality inside the web browser. This windowing functionality, combined with asynchronous data retrieval and client side rendering overcomes two of the key technology imposed drawbacks of current web based browsers: Fixed displays and frequent page reloads. The end result is an intuitive and enjoyable browsing experience. The browser is accessible online from the Brassica / Arabidopsis Genomics Initiative (http://brassica.agr.gc.ca). Inquiries about the browser should be directed to LewisCT@agr.gc.ca.
Lewis, Tina A.,Tzeng, Yang-Sheng,McKinstry, Erin L.,Tooker, Angela C.,Hong, Kwansoo,Sun, Yanping,Mansour, Joey,Handler, Zachary,Albert, Mitchell S. Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2005 Magnetic resonance in medicine Vol.53 No.2
<P>As another step toward extracting quantitative information from hyperpolarized <SUP>3</SUP>He MRI, airway diameters in humans were measured from projection images and multislice images of the lungs. Values obtained were in good agreement with the Weibel lung morphometry model. The measurement of airway caliber can now be achieved without the use of ionizing radiation. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that 3D airway tree renderings could be constructed from the multislice data. Both the measurement of airway diameters and the rendering of 3D airway information hold promise for the clinical assessment of bronchoconstrictive diseases such as asthma and the associated evaluation of treatment effectiveness. Work is being done to address the uncertainties of the manually intensive methods we have developed. Magn Reson Med 53:474–478, 2005. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</P>
Lewis, W.G.,Pun, K.F.,Lalla, T.R.M. The Korean Society for Quality Management 2004 The Asian Journal on Quality Vol.5 No.2
Many researchers and practitioners have acknowledged the need to investigate the relationships amongst various criteria of implementing total quality management (TQM) in small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises (SMMEs). There is a need to have practical research methodologies that take cognisance of the peculiarities of SMMEs and impact on their quality management practices in developing countries. This paper presents the theoretical foundation of a proposed Generative Research Methodology and configures the specification of a TQM implementation framework in SMMEs. The methodology combines rigorous research approaches, builds theory based on the dynamics of the environment and the firms' characteristics and incorporates various TQM criteria into the design of the framework. It synchronises inductive and deductive research methods in three phases and uses various means to acquire empirical evidence and examine the dependent and independent variables of TQM implementation. It is anticipated that the methodology could help SMMEs to develop, analyse and evaluate the framework for attaining quality performance goals.
An Empirical Analysis of ISO 9004:2000 Maturity in ISO 9001 Certified SMEs
Lewis, W.G.,Pun, K.F.,Lalla, T.R.M. The Korean Society for Quality Management 2005 The Asian Journal on Quality Vol.6 No.3
This paper empirically determines the extent to which ISO 9001 certified small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) were able to attain the eight quality management principles on which the ISO 9004:2000 Standard is based. It employs the Analytic Hierarchy Process approach in determining the percent weightings of these principles and the self-assessment questions which form part of the ISO 9004:2000 Standards. Of particular interest is a weakness of these enterprises in formulating policies addressing the needs and expectations of shareholders and the society in terms of the community and the public affected by the organisations or its products. This paper makes a contribution to the body of knowledge in the field of quality management in Trinidad and Tobago where such work is limited. It adds value by empirically measuring TQM implementation through determining the extent to which its criteria are implemented in ISO 9001 certified SMEs.