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Lee, Sanghun,Jang, Sunhwan,Nguyen, Cam,Choi, Dae-Hyun,Kim, Jusung The Institute of Electronics and Information Engin 2017 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.17 No.4
In this paper, we integrate a divide-by-3 injection-locked frequency divider (ILFD) in CMOS technology with a $0.18-{\mu}m$ BiCMOS process. We propose a self-injection technique that utilizes harmonic conversion to improve the locking range, phase-noise, and input sensitivity simultaneously. The proposed self-injection technique consists of an odd-to-even harmonic converter and a feedback amplifier. This technique offers the advantage of increasing the injection efficiency at even harmonics and thus realizes the low-power implementation of an odd-order division ILFD. The measurement results using the proposed self-injection technique show that the locking range is increased by 47.8% and the phase noise is reduced by 14.7 dBc/Hz at 1-MHz offset frequency with the injection power of -12 dBm. The designed divide-by-3 ILFD occupies $0.048mm^2$ with a power consumption of 18.2-mW from a 1.8-V power supply.
Sanghun Lee,Ki-Yuol Jung,Hyen-Chung Chun,Young-Dae Choi,Hang-Won Kang 한국토양비료학회 2018 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.51 No.2
Subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) system is considered one of the most effective methods for water application. A 2-year field study was conducted to investigate the effect of SDI systems with various dripline spacing (0.7 or 1.4 m) and position (under furrow or ridge) on soybean (Glycine max L.) production at a sandy-loam soil in Miryang, South Korea. For 2016-2017, average grain yield in SDI irrigated plots, 3.16 Mg ㏊<SUP>-1</SUP>, was statistically greater than rainfed irrigated plot (2.63 Mg ㏊<SUP>-1</SUP>). Soybean grain yield averaged 3.25 Mg ㏊<SUP>-1</SUP> for the 0.7 m dripline spacing and 3.07 Mg ㏊<SUP>-1</SUP> for the 1.4 m spacing for the two-year period compared to a rainfed irrigated average of 2.63 Mg ㏊<SUP>-1</SUP> for the same period. Soybean treated with SDI system had significantly greater values of normalized difference vegetation index and stomatal conductance, indicating that soybean plants in SDI plots had greater photosynthetic and stomatal activity due to the higher water availability in soil. Irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) was greatest in the plot of 0.7 m spacing installed under ridge position than any other plot across growing season. Average soil water content in plots with 0.7 m dripline spacing was 0.21 ㎥ m<SUP>-3</SUP> at 5 ㎝ depth layer, which was 45% greater compared to the plots with 1.4 m spacing, even though the gross irrigation amounts were greater in 1.4 m spacing plots. It is concluded that wide dripline spacing (1.4 m) is probably the more economical installation design for SDI system compared to 0.7 m spacing in this study soil because the initial cost for dripline may be reduced with wide spacing design, even though the IWUE is greater in the plot of 0.7 m dripline spacing.
Sanghun Lee,Ki-Yuol Jung,Hyen Chung Chun,Young Dae Choi 한국작물학회 2017 Korean journal of crop science Vol.62 No.2
Crop production in rice paddy fields is of great importance because of declining rice consumption and the low self-sufficiency ratio for field crops in Korea. A controlled drainage system (CDS) is recognized as an effective means to adjust water table (WT) levels as needed and control soil water content to improve the soil environment for optimum crop growth. The present study evaluated the effects of a CDS on soil characteristics, including soil water distribution and soybean development in paddy fields. The CDS was installed with two drain spacing (3 m and 6 m) at the experimental paddy field at the National Institute of Crop Science, Miryang, Korea. It was managed with two WT levels (0.3 m and 0.6 m) during the growing season. Soil water content, electrical conductivity and plant available nitrogen content in the soil were significantly greater in the 0.3 m WT management plots than in the 0.6 m plot and the control. At the vegetative stage, chlorophyll content was significantly lower with higher WT control because of excess soil moisture, but it recovered after the flowering stage. Soybean yield increased with WT management and the 0.6 m WT treatment produced the greatest grain yield, 3.38 ton ha-1, which was 50% greater than that of the control. The CDS directly influenced outflow through the drains, which significantly delayed nutrient loss. The results of this study indicated that WT management by CDS can influence soil characteristics and it is an important practice for high yielding soybean production in paddy fields, which should be considered the crop growth stages for stable crop production.
A Novel Shape Deforming Large-scale Flexible Sensor for Tactile Display
Sanghun Jung,Sang-Hee Lee,Seungjun Lee,Hyunho Kim,Sangjoon J. Kim,Kyungseo Park,Yeongjin Kim 제어로봇시스템학회 2018 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2018 No.10
This paper describes a novel shape deforming large-scale flexible sensor for tactile display on a car’s armrest. The proposed sensor consists of a linear actuator array and a flexible large-scale sensor for deforming the shape of the sensor surface. Lots of small linear resonant actuators (LRAs), which are covered by the flexible tactile sensor, are arranged regularly. While the sensor has a flat surface in control, many LRAs below the flexible sensor protrude and form specific icon shapes in certain function activated state. Thus, when a user presses the display, the user can conjecture the icon like a braille pad with only finger’s feel. Once the user senses and presses protruded icons with a finger, the user can operate specific functions without vision. We expect that the proposed armrest can decrease distractions by vision and ensure better safety during driving.