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Lee, sungbok Richard,Lee, Sang-Min,Park, Su-Jung,Lee, Suk-Won,Lee, Do Yun,Im, Byung-Jin,Ahn, Su-Jin The Korean Academy of Prosthodonitics 2015 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.7 No.3
PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of immediate dentin sealing (IDS) on bond strength of ceramic restoration under various thermocycling periods with DBA (dentin bonding agent system). MATERIALS AND METHODS. Fifty freshly extracted human mandibular third molars were divided into 5 groups (1 control and 4 experimental groups) of 10 teeth. We removed enamel layer of sound teeth and embedded them which will proceed to be IDS, using All Bond II. A thermocycling was applied to experimental groups for 1, 2, 7, 14 days respectively and was not applied to control group. IPS Empress II for ceramic was acid-etched with ceramic etchant (9.5% HF) and silane was applied. Each ceramic disc was bonded to specimens with Duo-link, dual curable resin cement by means of light curing for 100 seconds. After the cementation procedures, shear bond strength measurement and SEM analysis of the fractured surface were done. The data were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA and Tukey multiple comparison test (${\alpha}$=.05). RESULTS. There were no statistically significant differences between 4 experimental groups and control group, however the mean value started to decrease in group 7d, and group 14d showed the lowest mean bond strength in all groups. Also, group 7d and 14d showed distinct exposed dentin and collapsed hybrid layer was observed in SEM analysis. CONCLUSION. In the present study, it can be concluded that ceramic restorations like a laminate veneer restoration should be bonded using resin cement within one week after IDS procedure.
Tunneling decay of self-gravitating vortices
Dupuis, É,ric,Gobeil, Yan,Lee, Bum-Hoon,Lee, Wonwoo,MacKenzie, Richard,Paranjape, Manu B.,Yajnik, Urjit A.,Yeom, Dong-han,Gwak, B.,Kang, G.,Kim, C.,Kim, H.-C.,Lee, C.-H.,Lee, J.,Lee, S.,Lee, W. EDP Sciences 2018 The European Physical Journal Conferences Vol.168 No.-
<P>We investigate tunneling decay of false vortices in the presence of gravity, in which vortices are trapped in the false vacuum of a theory of scalar electrodynamics in three dimensions. The core of the vortex contains magnetic flux in the true vacuum, while outside the vortex is the appropriate topologically nontrivial false vacuum. We numerically obtain vortex solutions which are classically stable; however, they could decay via tunneling. To show this phenomenon, we construct the proper junction conditions in curved spacetime. We find that the tunneling exponent for the vortices is half that for Coleman-de Luccia bubbles and discuss possible future applications.</P>
Lee, Suk-Won,Kim, Su-Yeon,Rhyu, In-Chul,Chung, Won-Yoon,Leesungbok, Richard,Lee, Keun-Woo Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2009 Clinical oral implants research Vol.20 No.1
<P>Abstract</P><P>Objective</P><P>The purpose of this study was to determine the dimension of surface microgrooves on titanium (Ti) substrata that shows the greatest positive influence on characterizing specific cell behavior of cultured human gingival fibroblasts.</P><P>Material and methods</P><P>Commercially pure Ti disks with surface microgrooves of monotonous 3.5 μm in depth and respective 15, 30, and 60 μm in width were fabricated using photolithography and used as the culture substrata in the three experimental groups in this study (TiD15, TiD30, and TiD60 groups), whereas the smooth Ti disk was used as the control substrata (smooth Ti group). Human gingival fibroblasts were cultured on the four groups of Ti substrata on successive timelines. Cell behaviors, such as adhesion, morphology, viability and proliferation, and gene expression were analyzed and compared between all groups using crystal violet stain, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), XTT assay, and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, respectively.</P><P>Results</P><P>SEM demonstrated that cells were able to readily descend into the microgrooves of TiD30 at the early phase of culture. Cells on the ridge edges or in groove corners were spindle shaped with abundant filopodia formation toward the acid-etched surface inside the microgrooves, thus mimicked the cell shape in three-dimensional (3D) nanoenvironment. TiD15 significantly increased the cell viability and proliferation compared with the smooth Ti substrata after 72 h of culture. Up-regulation of fibronectin (FN) and α5 integrin genes was noted in cells cultured on TiD15 and TiD30. Gene expression pattern specific to the cells in 3D-matrix culture, such as down-regulation of α-smooth muscle actin gene along with up-regulation of FN and p21 genes, was pronounced in cells cultured on TiD30.</P><P>Conclusion</P><P>This study indicates that surface microgrooves of both 15 and 30 μm in width and a monotonous 3.5 μm in depth on Ti substrata increase various cell behaviors of cultured human gingival fibroblasts.</P>
GluA1 phosphorylation at serine 831 in the lateral amygdala is required for fear renewal
Lee, Sukwon,Song, Beomjong,Kim, Jeongyeon,Park, Kyungjoon,Hong, Ingie,An, Bobae,Song, Sangho,Lee, Jiwon,Park, Sungmo,Kim, Jihye,Park, Dongeun,Lee, C Justin,Kim, Kyungjin,Shin, Ki Soon,Tsien, Richard W Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2013 NATURE NEUROSCIENCE Vol.16 No.10
Fear renewal, a widely pursued model of post-traumatic stress disorder and phobias, refers to the context-specific relapse of conditioned fear after extinction. However, its molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. We found that renewal-inducing stimuli, generally believed to be insufficient to induce synaptic plasticity, enhanced excitatory synaptic strength, activity of synaptic GluA2-lacking AMPA receptors and Ser831 phosphorylation of synaptic surface GluA1 in the lateral nucleus of the amygdala (LAn) of fear-extinguished rats. Consistently, the induction threshold for LAn synaptic potentiation was considerably lowered after extinction, and renewal occluded this low-threshold potentiation. The low-threshold potentiation (a potential cellular substrate for renewal), but not long-term potentiation, was attenuated by dialysis into LAn neurons of a GluA1-derived peptide that competes with Ser831-phosphorylated GluA1. Microinjections of the same peptide into the LAn attenuated fear renewal, but not fear learning. Our findings suggest that GluA1 phosphorylation constitutes a promising target for clinical treatment of aberrant fear-related disorders.
Lee, Seung-Cheol,Lee, Sang-Ho,Choi, Won-Chul,Choi, Gun,Shin, Song-Woo,Kaul, Richard The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2006 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.40 No.2
Objective : The purpose of this study was to describe a surgical technique of axillary approach of percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy for L5-S1 disc herniation and its preliminary results. Methods : From July 2002 to September 2003, 101 patients with lumbar radiculopathy due to L5-S1 disc herniation, who were treated by percutaneous interlaminar endoscopic discectomy, were retrospectively reviewed. There were 57 males and 44 females with a mean age of 44.8 years [range, 18 to 62 years]. The surgery consisted of needle insertion into the epidural space via the interlaminar space, sequential dilatation, and endoscopic discectomy through the axillary area of the S1 root. Results : The mean follow-up period was 14.5 months and the average surgical time was 41 min. According to the modified Macnab criteria, 44 patients [43.6%] had excellent outcomes, 49 [48.5%] had good results and only 8 [78%] had fair or poor outcomes. Four patients had a revision microdiscectomy due to incomplete removal of disc fragment. There were no major complications related to this surgical approach. Conclusion : Axillary approach of percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy is safe and effective procedure for the treatment of L5-Sl disc herniation. It combines the advantages of MED and conventional percutaneous endoscopic discectomy.
Continuing evolution of H9 influenza viruses in Korean poultry
Lee, Youn-Jeong,Shin, Jin-Young,Song, Min-Suk,Lee, Young-Min,Choi, Jun-Gu,Lee, Eun-Kyoung,Jeong, Ok-Mi,Sung, Haan-Woo,Kim, Jae-Hong,,Kwon, Yong-Kuk,Kwon, Jun-Hun,Kim, Chul-Joong,Webby, Richard J.,Webs 3M Company 2007 Virology Vol.359 No.2
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>We analyzed the evolution of H9 influenza viruses isolated from Korean chicken farms from 2002 to 2004. Korean H9 viruses formed two antigenically distinct groups: those isolated from 1996 to mid-2003, and those isolated from late 2003 through 2004. Most of the 2004 isolates showed greater cross-reactivity with the second group than with the first group. Phylogenetic analysis of the 12 viruses studied revealed three genotypes of H9N2 viruses and showed that reassortment had occurred. One isolate, Ck/Kor/164/04, belonged to the H9N8 subtype. Its HA and <I>PB1</I> genes were similar to those of the H9N2 viruses, but its other genes were closely related to H3N8 viruses. This report is the first (to our knowledge) of H9N8 infection in this host. The pathogenicity of the early isolates altered due to antigenic drift and reassortment, leading to H9 avian influenza viruses in Korea that potentially can expand their host range to mammalians.</P>
Lee, Jung Hwa,Hyung, Seok-Won,Mun, Dong-Gi,Jung, Hee-Jung,Kim, Hokeun,Lee, Hangyeore,Kim, Su-Jin,Park, Kyong Soo,Moore, Ronald J.,Smith, Richard D.,Lee, Sang-Won American Chemical Society 2012 Journal of proteome research Vol.11 No.8
<P>A multifunctional liquid chromatography system that performs 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional (strong cation exchange/reverse phase liquid chromatography or SCX/RPLC) separations and online phosphopeptide enrichment using a single binary nanoflow pump has been developed. With a simple operation of a function selection valve equipped with a SCX column and a TiO<SUB>2</SUB> (titanium dioxide) column, a fully automated selection of three different experiment modes was achieved. Because the current system uses essentially the same solvent flow paths, the same trap column, and the same separation column for reverse-phase separation of 1D, 2D, and online phosphopeptides enrichment experiments, the elution time information obtained from these experiments is in excellent agreement, which facilitates correlating peptide information from different experiments. The final reverse-phase separation of the three experiments is completely decoupled from all of the function selection processes; thereby salts or acids from SCX or TiO<SUB>2</SUB> column do not affect the efficiency of the reverse-phase separation.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jprobs/2012/jprobs.2012.11.issue-8/pr3004166/production/images/medium/pr-2012-004166_0001.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/pr3004166'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Regulation of Hepatic Gluconeogenesis by an ER-Bound Transcription Factor, CREBH
Lee, Min-Woo,Chanda, Dipanjan,Yang, Jianqi,Oh, Hyunhee,Kim, Su Sung,Yoon, Young-Sil,Hong, Sungpyo,Park, Keun-Gyu,Lee, In-Kyu,Choi, Cheol Soo,Hanson, Richard W.,Choi, Hueng-Sik,Koo, Seung-Hoi Elsevier 2010 Cell metabolism Vol.11 No.4
<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-bound transcription factor families are shown to be involved in the control of various metabolic pathways. Here, we report a critical function of ER-bound transcription factor, CREBH, in the regulation of hepatic gluconeogenesis. Expression of CREBH is markedly induced by fasting or in the insulin-resistant state in rodents in a dexamethasone- and PGC-1α-dependent manner, which results in the accumulation of active nuclear form of CREBH (CREBH-N). Overexpression of constitutively active CREBH activates transcription of <I>PEPCK-C</I> or <I>G6Pase</I> by binding to its enhancer site that is distinct from the well-characterized CREB/CRTC2 regulatory sequences in vivo. Of interest, knockdown of CREBH in liver significantly reduces blood glucose levels without altering expression of genes involved in the ER stress signaling cascades in mice. These data suggest a crucial role for CREBH in the regulation of hepatic glucose metabolism in mammals.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>► PGC-1α/GR activates CREBH expression under fasting or insulin-resistant conditions ► CREBH enhances hepatic gluconeogenesis via a CRTC2-dependent manner ► Depletion of CREBH in the liver ameliorates fasting hyperglycemia in diabetic mice</P>