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( Bo-kyoung Jung ),( Hye-ran Kim ),( Young-hyeon Lee ),( Hyun Jang ),( Kyung-soo Chang ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2019 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.29 No.3
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the causative agent of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) in pigs. Replicase (Rep) proteins are considered essential for viral replication. Capsid (Cap) protein is the primary immunogenic protein that induces protective immunity. Little is known about comparison on the immunogenicity of PCV2 Rep and Cap fusion protein and Cap protein. In the present study, recombinant baculoviruses expressing the Rep-Cap fusion protein (Bac-Rep-Cap) and the Cap protein (Bac-Cap) of PCV2 were constructed and confirmed with western blot and indirect fluorescence assay. Immunogenicities of the two recombinant proteins were tested in mice. The titers of antibodies were determined with a PCV2-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a serum neutralization assay. The IFN-γ response of immunized mice was measured by ELISA. The mice immunized with the Bac-Rep-Cap and Bac-Cap successfully produced Cap-specific immunoreaction. The mice immunized with the Bac-Cap developed higher PCV2-specific neutralizing antibody titers than mice injected with the Bac-Rep-Cap. IFN-γ in the Bac-Rep-Cap group was increased compared to those in the Bac-Cap group. Vaccination of mice with the Bac-Rep-Cap showed significantly decreased protective efficacy compared to the Bac-Cap. Our findings will indubitably not only lead to a better understanding of the immunogenicity of PCV2, but also improved vaccines.
Lee, Han Seon,Lee, Kyung Bo,Hwang, Kyung Ran,Cho, Chang Seok 테크노프레스 2013 Earthquakes and structures Vol.5 No.6
In order to verify the applicability of buckling restrained braces (BRB's) and fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) sheets to the seismic strengthening of a low-rise RC building having the irregularities of a soft/weak story and torsion at the ground story, a series of earthquake simulation tests were conducted on a 1:5 scale RC building model before, and after, the strengthening, and these test results are compared and analyzed, to check the effectiveness of the strengthening. Based on the investigations, the following conclusions are made: (1) The BRB's revealed significant slips at the joint with the existing RC beam, up-lifts of columns from RC foundations and displacements due to the flexibility of foundations, and final failure due to the buckling and fracture of base joint angles. The lateral stiffness appeared to be, thereby, as low as one seventh of the intended value, which led to a large yield displacement and, therefore, the BRB's could not dissipate seismic input energy as desired within the range of anticipated displacements. (2) Although the strengthened model did not behave as desired, great enhancement in earthquake resistance was achieved through an approximate 50% increase in the lateral resistance of the wall, due to the axial constraint by the peripheral BRB frames. Finally, (3) whereas in the original model, base torsion was resisted by both the inner core walls and the peripheral frames, the strengthened model resisted most of the base torsion with the peripheral frames, after yielding of the inner core walls, and represented dual values of torsion stiffness, depending on the yielding of core walls.
First Observation of Ferroelectricity in ∼1 nm Ultrathin Semiconducting BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Films
Lee, Seung Ran,Baasandorj, Lkhagvasuren,Chang, Jung Won,Hwang, In Woong,Kim, Jeong Rae,Kim, Jeong-Gyu,Ko, Kyung-Tae,Shim, Seung Bo,Choi, Min Woo,You, Mujin,Yang, Chan-Ho,Kim, Jinhee,Song, Jonghyun American Chemical Society 2019 NANO LETTERS Vol.19 No.4
<P>The requirements of multifunctionality in thin-film systems have led to the discovery of unique physical properties and degrees of freedom, which exist only in film forms. With progress in growth techniques, one can decrease the film thickness to the scale of a few nanometers (∼nm), where its unique physical properties are still pronounced. Among advanced ultrathin film systems, ferroelectrics have generated tremendous interest. As a prototype ferroelectric, the electrical properties of BaTiO<SUB>3</SUB> (BTO) films have been extensively studied, and it has been theoretically predicted that ferroelectricity sustains down to ∼nm thick films. However, efforts toward determining the minimum thickness for ferroelectric films have been hindered by practical issues surrounding large leakage currents. In this study, we used ∼nm thick BTO films, exhibiting <I>semiconducting</I> characteristics, grown on a LaAlO<SUB>3</SUB>/SrTiO<SUB>3</SUB> (LAO/STO) heterostructure. In particular, we utilized two-dimensional electron gas at the LAO/STO heterointerface as the bottom electrode in these capacitor junctions. We demonstrate that the BTO film exhibits ferroelectricity at room temperature, even when it is only ∼2 unit-cells thick, and the total thickness of the capacitor junction can be reduced to less than ∼4 nm. Observation of ferroelectricity in ultrathin <I>semiconducting</I> films and the resulting shrunken capacitor thickness will expand the applicability of ferroelectrics in the next generation of functional devices.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
Lee, Mi-Ni,Lee, Shi-Nai,Kim, Se-Hee,Kim, Bora,Jung, Bo-Kyung,Seo, Ji Hae,Park, Ji-Hyeon,Choi, Jae-Hoon,Yim, Sun Hee,Lee, Mi-Ran,Park, Jong-Gil,Yoo, Ji-Young,Kim, Jeong Hun,Lee, Seung-Taek,Kim, Hwan-Mo Oxford University Press 2010 Journal of the National Cancer Institute Vol.102 No.6
<P><B>Background</B></P><P>Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), a critical mediator of tumor angiogenesis, is a well-characterized target of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1). Murine arrest-defective protein 1A (mARD1A<SUP>225</SUP>) acetylates HIF-1α, triggering its degradation, and thus may play a role in decreased expression of VEGFA.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>We generated Apc<SUP>Min/+</SUP>/mARD1A<SUP>225</SUP> transgenic mice and quantified growth of intestinal polyps. Human gastric MKN74 and murine melanoma B16F10 cells overexpressing mARD1A<SUP>225</SUP> were injected into mice, and tumor growth and metastasis were measured. VEGFA expression and microvessel density in tumors were assessed using immunohistochemistry. To evaluate the role of mARD1A<SUP>225</SUP> acetylation of Lys532 in HIF-1α, we injected B16F10-mARD1A<SUP>225</SUP> cell lines stably expressing mutant HIF-1α/K532R into mice and measured metastasis. All statistical tests were two-sided, and <I>P</I> values less than .05 were considered statistically significant.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Apc<SUP>Min/+</SUP>/mARD1A<SUP>225</SUP> transgenic mice (n = 25) had statistically significantly fewer intestinal polyps than Apc<SUP>Min/+</SUP> mice (n = 21) (number of intestinal polyps per mouse: Apc<SUP>Min/+</SUP> mice vs Apc<SUP>Min/+</SUP>/mARD1A<SUP>225</SUP> transgenic mice, mean = 83.4 vs 38.0 polyps, difference = 45.4 polyps, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 41.8 to 48.6; <I>P</I> < .001). The growth and metastases of transplanted tumors were also statistically significantly reduced in mice injected with mARD1A<SUP>225</SUP>-overexpressing cells than in mice injected with control cells (<I>P</I> < .01). Moreover, overexpression of mARD1A<SUP>225</SUP> decreased VEGFA expression and microvessel density in tumor xenografts (<I>P</I> < .04) and Apc<SUP>Min/+</SUP> intestinal polyps (<I>P</I> = .001). Mutation of lysine 532 of HIF-1α in B16F10-mARD1A<SUP>225</SUP> cells prevented HIF-1α degradation and inhibited the antimetastatic effect of mARD1A<SUP>225</SUP> (<I>P</I> < .001).</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>mARD1A<SUP>225</SUP> may be a novel upstream target that blocks VEGFA expression and tumor-related angiogenesis.</P>
Congenital Cutaneous Candidiasis in a Healthy Term Baby: A Case of Report
( Bo Yoon Seo ),( Tae Woong Um ),( Hae Sun Park ),( Ran Lee ),( Hye Won Park ) 대한주산의학회 2021 Perinatology Vol.32 No.3
Congenital Candida infection is very rare in newborns and its findings vary from skin involvement only to systemic involvement with respiratory distress and sepsis. Our patient was an otherwise healthy, full-term infant who developed a whole-body rash within 7 hours after birth. The patient’s general condition was good, but the skin rash persisted without response to antibiotics. Candida was detected on a potassium hydroxide (KOH) smear. After the diagnosis of congenital cutaneous candidiasis, the patient was treated with intravenous fluconazole and improved rapidly. The erythematous papules and diaper rash disappeared completely by day 7. Treatment was completed without recurrence or complications after discontinuing the fluconazole. We report on the diagnosis and treatment of congenital cutaneous candidiasis in a healthy term infant.
( Bo Ra Lee ),( Yu Mi Ko ),( Mi Hee Cho ),( Young Ran Yoon ),( Seung Hee Kye ),( Yoo Kyoung Park ) 한국임상영양학회 2016 Clinical Nutrition Research Vol.5 No.2
This study investigated the effect of switching normal diet to vegetarian diet rich in vegetables and fruits for school foodservice and home meal on the nutritional status, bowel habit improvement and stress reduction of teachers and adolescents. A total of 40 research subjects (26 students, 14 teachers) from one middle school voluntarily participated in the research. Questionnaire surveys and blood analysis were conducted before and after a 12-week vegetarian diet period. The participants were asked on their dietary habit, bowel habit and stress measurement. After 12 weeks, reduction of BMI (kg/m²) in the students (p < 0.05) and reduction of TC (mg/dL) in both teachers and students (p < 0.05) were observed. Also reduction of LDL-C (mg/dL) was observed in the teachers (p < 0.05) whereas serum calcium and Vitamin B12 was increased in the students and teachers (p < 0.005). The teacher`s stress level was reduced (p < 0.05) after the 12-week vegetarian diet. As for the changes in bowel habit, the number of the students and teachers classified as experiencing functional constipation was decreased respectively from 10 to 7, from 7 to 5. Based on the result, it is considered that the vegetarian diet rich in fruits and vegetables improved general health status of study subjects suggesting that such a dietary habit would substantially contribute to improving nutritional status and bowel habit.
Lee Seoung-Kyun,Yoon Bo-Hyun,Kim Kyungmin,Jung Ha-Ran,Kang Hangoeunbi,Jeong Yuran,Yun Hyunju,Song Jye-Heon,Sea Young-Hwa,Park Suhee 대한우울조울병학회 2023 우울조울병 Vol.21 No.3
Background: This study aimed to examine the influence of the coronavirus disease pandemic 2019 (COVID-19) by comparing the incidences of depression, suicidal ideation, and suicidal attempts before and after the outbreak of the pandemic among community-dwelling older adults. Methods: In total, 9,784 older adults were recruited from 22 counties in Jeollanam-do between 2019 and 2022. Self-reported questionnaires, including sociodemographic factors, suicidal ideation, suicidal attempt, and Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form Korean version, were used. Results: The proportion of the depression high-risk group tended to increase since the COVID-19 outbreak, increasing to 16.3%, 23.1%, and 25.7% in 2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively; however, decreased to 21.8% in 2022. The incidence of suicidal ideation showed a similar pattern. The incidence of suicidal attempts showed a different pattern, rising to 1.3% and 2.6% in 2019 and 2020, respectively and then falling to 1.1% and 0.8% in 2021 and 2022, respectively. Conclusion: This study examined community-dwelling older adults and their mental states during the COVID-19 pandemic, and found that the risk of depression among older adults increased 1.708-fold in 2020, 1.877-fold in 2021, and 1.599-fold in 2022 compared to that in 2019, the year before the pandemic. Similarly, the risk of suicidal ideation increased by 1.582-fold in 2020, 1.913-fold in 2021, and 1.623-fold in 2022 compared with 2019 data. As the pandemic extended, mental health states improved; however, not to prepandemic levels. Suggesting that older people need continued support to alleviate the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.