A Method for optimizing continuous steel casting processes using mathematical heat flow models

Lally, Bryan UMI 1988 국내박사

Reconstructing the cause and origin of structural fires in the archaeological record of the Greater Southwest (Mexico, New Mexico)

Lally, James R The University of New Mexico 2005 해외박사(DDOD)

Archaeologists frequently assume ancient structural fires are intentional incendiary fires. This assumption has become a foundation for behavioral arguments suggesting motives for these supposed intentional fires. The basic assumption that most, if not all ancient structural fires were intentional has not been subjected to rigorous testing. In this research principles of fire science, arson investigation and fire protection engineering, including mathematical computer fire modeling, were applied to the archaeological record of the Greater Southwest. This was done to determine if ancient structural fires were providential, accidental or intentional incendiary fires. Prehistoric sites in Chihuahua and New Mexico were excavated to obtain artifacts and other evidence of fire. A full scale model of a prehistoric room was constructed. After a fire in this room was modeled using a mathematical computer fire modeling program, it was then filled with fuel and burned. This experience, as well as a basic understanding of the chemistry, physics and behavior of fire, was applied to the prehistoric structures that were excavated in Chihuahua and New Mexico. Standards were articulated by which ancient structural fires could be classified as providential, accidental or incendiary. These standards were applied to the excavated sites. Considerations of the room size, construction material, configuration, use and expected fuel load were compared to the physical evidence that was recovered from the ancient structural fires. A prehistoric room fire in Chihuahua was determined to be accidental. An ancient structural fire in New Mexico was classified as being an incendiary fire. The motives behind this intentional fire remain a mystery. Future investigations of structural fires in the archaeological record should take advantage of readily available tools to reach valid conclusions.*. *This dissertation is a compound document (contains both a paper copy and a CD as part of the dissertation).

Adolescents and disruptive behavior disorders: An analysis of differences between marijuana abusing and non-marijuana abusing adolescents in family therapy

Lally, Tara Marie Temple University 2007 해외박사(DDOD)

The purpose of the study was to determine differences in behaviorally disordered marijuana and non-marijuana abusing adolescents referred to family therapy. One hundred and eighty-eight male and female adolescents, as well as caretakers, were compared examining archival data obtained during Functional Family Therapy treatment. Comparisons were made between marijuana and non-marijuana abusing adolescents with respect to treatment compliance, identification of stressors on intake assessments and post-treatment arrest rates. Results demonstrated differences among marijuana abusing adolescents as compared to non-marijuana abusing adolescents with respect to treatment compliance and post-treatment arrest rates, however did not demonstrate differences across intake assessments. Future directions for research are explored.

Race Talk in the Classroom: Whiteness, Emotionality, and Antiracism

Lally, Kevin T ProQuest Dissertations & Theses University of Minn 2020 해외박사(DDOD)

Like many classroom teachers, I long understood antiracist pedagogy as white privilege pedagogy (McIntosh, 1988), where students must confess to their privilege to embrace antiracism. By leaving young white people with untenable models of understanding themselves as raced beings, this work has, to put it generously, come up short. Using critical ethnographic methods, I seek to make better sense of these sincere shortcomings by locating them in historical (Allen, 2012; Roediger, 1991) and emotional (Boler, 1999; Trainor, 2008; Zembylas, 2006) contexts. I worked with ten white high school students over the final five months of their senior year. We attempted to work through the constrained and paradoxical ways they understood race and race talk. We worked through their struggles with the languages and patterns of race talk, their inadequate schooling on race, and their inability to manifest their antiracist values. I find that the discourses available to them, in particular white privilege pedagogy, limit their capacity to both imagine themselves as antiracist actors and take up antiracist actions. I suggest that by examining and unpacking the discursive binds attendant to their race talk (Pollock, 2004), and by making visible the historical and emotional contexts of their understandings of themselves as raced beings, educators can more effectively guide young white people toward antiracism.

Coded Governance

Lally, Nick ProQuest Dissertations & Theses The University of 2018 해외박사(DDOD)

In this dissertation, I describe how existing practices of governance become integrated with software, shifting how spaces are constructed, understood, and governed. The term "coded governance" here denotes the move towards algorithmic modes of.

Theory of acclimation in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients

Lally, Robin Mary University of Minnesota 2006 해외박사(DDOD)

Over 270,000 women will be diagnosed with breast cancer in the U.S. in 2006. Following diagnosis, women must make life-altering treatment decisions in a brief period of time and amidst significant stress. Survivorship, including long-term psychological adjustment, satisfaction, and quality of life may be adversely affected if women's needs are unmet during this post-diagnosis period. Previous research has focused on identifying needs related to elements of decision making; however, it has not addressed the broader context in which these decisions are made. Since the needs of women vary considerably, health care providers need to better understand this context in order to intervene effectively. The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the experience of women during the immediate post-breast cancer diagnosis surgical treatment decision making period, developing a grounded theory explaining the decision-making behavior of these women and providing focus for interventions to mitigate potential adverse long-term effects. A grounded theory study was conducted in a Midwestern, urban, multi-disciplinary breast center. Eighteen women, ages 37 to 87 years, and a mean of 12 days post-diagnosis of first breast cancer, in the pre-operative period, formed the sample. Unstructured to semi-structured interviews ranged from 25 to 90 minutes. Observations and informal interviews with staff were conducted within the breast center. Survivor artwork and a published survivor's diary were also used in theory development. Theoretical sampling, constant comparative analysis, and memoing were used to identify a core category, achieve data saturation, and develop the theory. A three stage, multi-phase, process of "acclimation" emerged as a basic social psychological process conceptualizing the internal thoughts and actions women perform in an effort to resolve their main concern; maintaining self-integrity. Women move from the stage of Disembodiment to Reconstruction and Incorporation at differing rates dependent on personal attributes and methods utilized to maintain self-integrity. Treatment decision-making itself is not a significant concern for most. The Theory of Acclimation in newly diagnosed breast cancer provides a model nurses may use to assess and intervene with women post-diagnosis; assisting them in decision making and promoting successful survivorship. Additionally, the theory provides multiple insights for future research.

Pragmatic self-cultivation and endurance sport

Lally, Richard Arthur The Pennsylvania State University 2002 해외박사(DDOD)

This dissertation examines the relationship between endurance sport and the philosophic theme of self-cultivation. More specifically, pragmatism is used as a lens through which the cultivating experiences of the endurance athlete can be examined and understood. To this point, the existing sport philosophy literature has paid little attention to pragmatism's potential utility for the field of kinesiology. In fact, only John Dewey's thought on pedagogical design and its possible application to the field of physical education has so far been effectively employed. This study attempts to fill this gap in the literature by applying several tenets of the pragmatic tradition to the direct experience of the athlete. The work of William James and John Dewey is used in concert with biographical accounts of athletes to produce a radically empirical treatment that incorporates both direct lived experience and traditional philosophical analysis. What results is an initial application of pragmatism to direct athletic experience, specifically that encountered in endurance sport, and a novel contribution to the sport philosophy literature.

Using Music to Modify Step-Rate and Running Biomechanics in Healthy Runners

Lally, Erin M ProQuest Dissertations & Theses The University of 2023 해외박사(DDOD)

Context: Running-related injury (RRI) is a significant public health issue that may be caused by injurious running biomechanics. Increasing step-rate (SR) using gait retraining may prevent and treat RRI. The Optimizing Performance Through Intrinsic Motivation and Attention for Learning (OPTIMAL) theory indicates enhanced expectancies, autonomy, and external focus of attention will optimize motor learning. Music has been shown to create enhanced expectancies, can provide incidental choices (autonomy), directs attention externally, and may increase compliance. No studies have investigated if music can be used to alter SR and running biomechanics or strategies that may improve compliance to gait retraining. Objective: The purpose of this study was to 1) compare differences in SR and running biomechanics between those who use music auditory cueing (MUS) and those who use metronome auditory cueing (MET) during the phases of a temporospatial gait retraining protocol, 2) compare differences in RPE change scores across four temporospatial gait retraining sessions between the MUS and MET group, and 3) determine if there is an association between groups (MUS and MET) and compliance to a self-administered, temporospatial gait retraining protocol and describe the likelihood of compliance between groups (MUS and MET).Methods: Thirty, healthy recreational runners were included and randomly placed in either the MET or MUS group. Inertial measurement unit motion analysis collected SR, peak positive tibial acceleration (PPA), and peak stance phase hip adduction (peakHIPADD) during the stance phase of running. A cellular device application collected running volume and SR data when participants ran outside of the lab, which defined compliance. The Borg’s rate of perceived exertion (RPE) scale was used to compare change in RPE between groups. A multivariate repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare SR, PPA, and peakHIPADD from the introductory pretest (INTROpre) and the three posttests (INTROpost, LABpost, SELFpost). Change scores between baseline RPE and RPE after each gait retraining session were calculated and analyzed using a mixed repeated measures ANOVA. SR and running volume were derived from the cellular application exports and compliance was defined as 1) maintaining an average SR within +/- two steps per minute of the target SR throughout each run and 2) maintaining the average running volume. Runners were assigned as “compliant” and “noncompliant”. A Fischer’s exact test was performed, and an odds ratio was calculated to determine association and likelihood of compliance between groups. Results: Both groups increased SR between the INTROpre and introductory posttest (INTROpost) (p <.001), and the increase in SR was maintained at all other posttest timepoints (LABpost and SELFpost). There were no differences in PPA or peakHIPADD at any posttest timepoints regardless of group. No significant differences in RPE change scores between groups across time were found. There was a significant association between group and compliance (p = .05) and the MUS group was ~6 times as likely to comply with the self-administered gait retraining program.Conclusions: SR can be altered using either a metronome or music tempo. Both a metronome and music can be used as an auditory cue without creating increased perception of exertion. Runners using the music auditory cueing may continue to practice their new target SR more than runners assigned a metronome cueing, which provides rationale to use music to retrain SR within a self-administered gait retraining protocol. Running biomechanics may not have changed since SR was only increased by 5% so future research should repeat the current study methods using larger increases in SR.

Effect of task-type and group size on foreign language learner output in synchronous computer-mediated communication

Keller-Lally, Ann Marie The University of Texas at Austin 2006 해외박사(DDOD)

This quasi-experimental study of task-based learning aimed to determine to what extent task-type (jigsaw, decision-making and opinion exchange) and group size (partner and small group) impact both the quantity and quality of learner discourse in synchronous computer-mediated communication (SCMC). SCMC is a tool used increasingly in foreign language instruction for creating environments that encourage interaction between learners (Salaberry, 1996). According to Nobuyoshi and Ellis (1993), using content-based tasks in interaction develops learners' communicative strategies and contributes to learners' language development, by allowing them to apply linguistic knowledge in spontaneous speech and providing them with exposure to new linguistic forms. In the current study, 62 students in third-semester German completed six 30-minute online discussion tasks designed to stimulate use of new vocabulary. Task-group configurations (e.g., jigsaw-partner) were counterbalanced among the five sections of the course. Transcripts were coded for foreign language, non-target language and off task communication-units, holistically scored language quality and task completion, grammatical accuracy, lexical targets, negotiated interactions, and restricted lexical and grammatical composite collocations. Students also completed an initial survey designed to collect demographic data and initial reactions to SCMC use and a follow-up survey including questions regarding the use and usefulness of SCMC and its structure, use of German, task preference and resulting attitudes. 10 students completed a 30-minute interview conducted to elicit more information about their responses on the follow-up survey. Results of this study indicate that: (1) decision-making-partner tasks elicited a significantly higher amount of foreign language output and quality in language than the other task-group configurations; (2) the patterns of negotiated interactions differed in some ways from Smith's (2001, 2003a) model; (3) there was no significant effect for task-group configuration for increasing the quantity or promoting a higher quality of negotiated interactions; (4) opinion exchange-partner tasks elicited the largest amount and most appropriate use of both lexical and grammatical composite collocations; and (5) learner reactions to task-based SCMC were largely similar to previous findings. Participants overwhelmingly preferred the open-ended and least constrained opinion exchange task. These results demonstrate that task-group configurations in SCMC have important implications for meeting pedagogical objectives.

"The first and most sacred right": Religious freedom and the liberation of the Russian state, 1825--1905

Michelson, Patrick Lally The University of Wisconsin - Madison 2007 해외박사(DDOD)

This dissertation examines a variety of currents in imperial Russian thought (1825-1905) that placed religious freedom, i.e. freedom of conscience, separation of church and state, and religious toleration, at the center of public debates about legislative reform and, by the turn of the century, revolutionary politics. Free communion with God, usually within the confines of a theonomous church, was commonly understood to offer each human unlimited personal sanctity as a creature created in the image and likeness of God, access to eternal, transcendental moral values around which to create an ethical community, the means by which Russia could return to the proper course of historical development, and the process by which each person could attain higher levels of consciousness. Religious freedom in this sense was thought to constitute the best means for the individual to liberate himself from bureaucratic heteronomy and restrain himself from the excesses of radical autonomy, all the while facilitating the process by which Russia entered the modern era. GEC.