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The Crux of the Spirit of Place in D.H. Lawrence’s Studies in Classic American Literature
Holly A. Laird 한국로렌스학회 2023 D.H. 로렌스 연구 Vol.31 No.2
“The spirit of place” has become a nearly archetypal trope for Lawrence readers. But it operates as a crux in his writing. Lawrence was often trying to state something unstateable and achieve something unachievable. He produces contradictions―and cruxes―amid numerous repetitions that tend to become self-deconstructing. This essay article’s aim is to examine Lawrence’s concept of “the spirit of place” more closely than critics have previously done, by parsing it in the language of both published versions of the eponymous essay. This is the piece with which Lawrence headed his series of Studies in Classic American Literature, as Chapter One of this collection in both 1918 and 1923―a collection which has risen, over time, to become a classic itself. I look first at Lawrence’s synonyms, characterizations, explanations, and examples for “the spirit of place,” then at when and where he locates it, next at how it works and should work, and finally for whom.
Coburn, Jeannine,Gibson, Matt,Bandalini, Pierre Alain,Laird, Christopher,Mao, Hai-Quan,Moroni, Lorenzo,Seliktar, Dror,Elisseeff, Jennifer Techno-Press 2011 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.7 No.3
The native extracellular matrix (ECM) consists of an integrated fibrous protein network and proteoglycan-based ground (hydrogel) substance. We designed a novel electrospinning technique to engineer a three dimensional fiber-hydrogel composite that mimics the native ECM structure, is injectable, and has practical macroscale dimensions for clinically relevant tissue defects. In a model system of articular cartilage tissue engineering, the fiber-hydrogel composites enhanced the biological response of adult stem cells, with dynamic mechanical stimulation resulting in near native levels of extracellular matrix. This technology platform was expanded through structural and biochemical modification of the fibers including hydrophilic fibers containing chondroitin sulfate, a significant component of endogenous tissues, and hydrophobic fibers containing ECM microparticles.
Wenzhi Zhou,Xibo Yuan,Ian Laird 전력전자학회 2019 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2019 No.5
This paper investigates the mechanism of the overshoot and oscillation in the auxiliary branch and its elimination in a silicon carbide (SiC) auxiliary resonant commutated pole inverter (ARCPI). A mathematical model of the auxiliary branch including the parasitic capacitance of SiC MOSFETs has been derived, which reveals the oscillation mechanism in the auxiliary branch. The model shows that this oscillation is an inherent characteristic of the SiC ARCPI. To eliminate the overshoot and oscillation, a SiC ARCPI with two clamping diodes inserted between the DC bus and the auxiliary branch has been presented. The proposed auxiliary branch oscillation model and the performance of the clamped ARCPI are validated on a 3-kW, 3-phase SiC ARCPI prototype. Even though the overshoot and oscillation in the auxiliary branch has an insignificant impact on the output voltage, experimental results show that without clamping, the overshoot is more than 150% and the oscillation frequency is higher than 4 MHz. This significantly increases the required voltage ratings of the devices in the auxiliary branch. Furthermore, the overshoot and oscillation frequency in the auxiliary branch increases with the DC bus voltage because the output capacitance of the SiC MOSFETs reduces with the voltage. This degrade the electromagnetic interference (EMI) performance of the SiC ARCPI. In comparison, the clamped SiC ARCPI can mitigate the overshoot and oscillation and improve the EMI performance of the auxiliary branch. Specifically, around 6 MHz the spectral amplitude can be reduced by about 17% by the clamped ARCPI.
Jeannine Coburn,Jennifer Elisseeff,Matt Gibson,Pierre Alain Bandalini,Christopher Laird,Hai-Quan Mao,Lorenzo Moroni,Dror Seliktar 국제구조공학회 2011 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.7 No.3
The native extracellular matrix (ECM) consists of an integrated fibrous protein network and proteoglycan-based ground (hydrogel) substance. We designed a novel electrospinning technique to engineer a three dimensional fiber-hydrogel composite that mimics the native ECM structure, is injectable, and has practical macroscale dimensions for clinically relevant tissue defects. In a model system of articular cartilage tissue engineering, the fiber-hydrogel composites enhanced the biological response of adult stem cells, with dynamic mechanical stimulation resulting in near native levels of extracellular matrix. This technology platform was expanded through structural and biochemical modification of the fibers including hydrophilic fibers containing chondroitin sulfate, a significant component of endogenous tissues, and hydrophobic fibers containing ECM microparticles.