Effects of Different Fatty Acids and Levels on the Lipogenesis Capacity and Lipolysis Rate of Broilers In Vitro

Lien, T.F.,Wu, C.P.,Chen, K.L.,Yang, K.H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2000 Animal Bioscience Vol.13 No.9

This study investigated the lipogenesis capacity of hepatocytes and lipolysis rate of adipocytes of broilers as affected by different fatty acids (trial one) and different linoleic acid (C18:2) levels (trial two). Twenty 6-wk old broilers were used; their hepatocytes and adipocytes were isolated for the in vitro study. In trial one, four treatments were tested. The control group in which no fatty acid was added, and the test groups to which were added $300{\mu}M$ of C16:0, C18:1 and C18:2, respectively. For trial two, different levels (0, $300{\mu}M$ and 1 mM) of C18:2 combined to fatty acid-free bovine serum albumin (BSA) were added to the medium. According to results of trial one, added fatty acids significantly reduced the incorporation by hepatocytes of [U,$^{14}C$]glucose into total lipid (p<0.05); the lipogenesis capacity in C18:2 group was the lowest. Although a similar pattern was found with [l,$^{14}C$]acetate, the groups only slightly differed in terms of lipogenesis capacity (p=0.11). In addition, the C18:2 group had a significantly (p<0.05) greater lipolysis rate than the C16:0 and control groups. Results of trial two indicated that C18:2 significantly (p<0.05) reduced lipogenesis capacity both for [U,$^{14}C$]glucose and [l,$^{14}C$]acetate, and markedly stimulated the lipolysis rate (p<0.05), displaying a dose response. Results presented herein demonstrate that C18:2 can reduce lipogenesis capacity and stimulate the lipolysis rate in broilers.

Radiation damage in helium ion – irradiated reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steel

L.D. Xia,W.B. Liu,H.P. Liu,J.H. Zhang,H. Chen,Z.G. Yang,C. Zhang 한국원자력학회 2018 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.50 No.1

Nanocrystalline reduced activation ferritic/martensitic (RAFM) steel samples were prepared using surfacemechanical attrition treatment (SMAT). Un-SMATed and SMATed reduced activation ferritic/martensitic samples were irradiated by helium ions at 200 C and 350 C with 2 dpa and 8 dpa, respectively,to investigate the effects of grain boundaries (GBs) and temperature on the formation of Hebubbles during irradiation. Experimental results show that He bubbles are preferentially trapped at GBsin all the irradiated samples. Bubble denuded zones are clearly observed near the GBs at 350 C, whereasthe bubble denuded zones are not obvious in the samples irradiated at 200 C. The average bubble sizeincreases and the bubble density decreases with an increasing irradiation temperature from 200 C to350 C. Both the average size and density of the bubbles increase with an increasing irradiation dose from2 dpa to 8 dpa. Bubbles with smaller size and lower density were observed in the SMATed samples butnot in the un-SMATed samples irradiated in the same conditions, which indicate t

CTRP1 protects against diet-induced hyperglycemia by enhancing glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation

Han, S.,Park, J.S.,Lee, S.,Jeong, A.L.,Oh, K.S.,Ka, H.I.,Choi, H.J.,Son, W.C.,Lee, W.Y.,Oh, S.J.,Lim, J.S.,Lee, M.S.,Yang, Y. Butterworths ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 The Journal of nutritional biochemistry Vol.27 No.-

<P>Complement-C1q/tumor necrosis factor-alpha related protein 1 (CTRP1) is a 35-kDa glycoprotein that is secreted from various tissues. Although CTRP1 is highly increased in patients with type II diabetes and obesity, the metabolic roles of CTRP1 remain largely unknown. To unveil the physiological roles of CTRP1 in vivo, CTRP1 transgenic (TG) mice were challenged by a high-fat diet (HFD) and a high-sucrose drink (HS). Homeostatic model assessment-estimated insulin resistance values were decreased in HFD- or HS-fed CTRP1 TG mice compared with wild-type control mice. In this context, CTRP1 stimulated glucose uptake through the glucose transporter GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane and also increased glucose consumption by stimulating glycolysis. To analyze the roles of CTRP1 in lipid metabolism, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and hormone-sensitive lipase levels were determined in CTRP1 TG mice, and the effect of CTRP1 on fatty acid oxidation was assessed in C2C12 myotubes. CTRP1 was found to inhibit ACC by phosphorylation and to stimulate fatty acid oxidation in C2C12 myotubes. Taken together, CTRP1 performs active catabolic roles in vivo. Therefore, CTRP1 seems to perform a defensive function against nutritional challenges. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</P>

Effect of Garlic Oil on Fatty Acid Accumulation and Glycerol-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Activity in Differentiating Adipocytes

He, M.L.,Yang, W.Z.,You, J.S.,Chaves, A.V.,Mir, P.S.,Benchaar, C.,McAllister, T.A. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2009 Animal Bioscience Vol.22 No.12

Garlic oil (GAR, Allium sativum L.) has been studied as a feed additive to improve animal production performance and decrease methane emission in ruminants. The present study was designed to determine the possible effect of GAR on fatty acid composition and accumulation in animal fat tissue using a cell model. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes at $2{\times}10^{4}\;mL^{-1}$ were seeded to 24-well plates and allowed to proliferate to reach confluence. The cells were then treated with media containing 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 and 40 $\mu{g}$ $mL^{-1}$ of GAR during the differentiation period for 8 days. Media containing dexamethasone, methyl-isobutylxanthine and insulin was applied during the first 2 days of the early differentiation period. On day 8 sub-sets of the wells were stained with oil red-O and the remaining cells were harvested for determination of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [EC 1.1.1.8] (GPDH) activity (n = 6) and cellular fatty acid concentration (n = 6). It was found that supplementation of GAR increased (p<0.05) the ratio of monounsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids in the adipocytes and showed inhibitory effect (p<0.05) on the post-confluent proliferation. With relative low dosage, GAR (5-20 $\mu{g}$ $mL^{-1}$) increased (p<0.05) the GPDH activity without affecting the cellular fatty acid concentration, while a high dosage (40 $\mu{g}$ $mL^{-1}$) inhibited (p<0.05) fatty acid accumulation and decreased GPDH activity. Supplementation of GAR had an effect on cell post-confluent proliferation, differentiation and fatty acid accumulation. However, the effect may be diverse and depends on the dose applied.

Anti-nuclear antibody reactivity in lupus may be partly hard-wired into the primary B-cell repertoire

Chang, S.,Yang, L.,Moon, Y.M.,Cho, Y.G.,Min, S.Y.,Kim, T.J.,Kim, Y.J.,Patrick, W.,Kim, H.Y.,Mohan, C. Pergamon Press 2009 Molecular immunology Vol.46 No.16

When monoclonal ANAs and non-ANAs generated from a genetically simplified mouse model of lupus, B6.Sle1, were recently compared, the ANAs exhibited three sequence motifs in their immunoglobulin heavy chains, including increased cationicity in CDR3 (''motif A''), reduced anionicity in CDR2 (''motif B'') and increased aspartate at H50 (''motif C''). The present study was designed to elucidate the extent to which these ANA-associated sequence motifs might be hard-wired into the primary B-cell repertoire in lupus. The immunoglobulin heavy chain sequence of total splenic B-cells, follicular B-cells and marginal zone B-cells from B6.Sle1 congenic mice and C57BL/6 controls were amplified by single-cell PCR and compared. Analysis of the primary immunoglobulin heavy chain repertoire indicated that the first two sequence motifs ''A'' and ''B'' were already encoded in the naive repertoire of B6.Sle1<SUP>z</SUP> mice, whereas the third motif ''C'' was introduced in part by somatic mutation. Site-directed mutagenesis confirmed that non-anionic CDR2 and cationic CDR3 residues in the immunoglobulin heavy chain facilitated nuclear antigen binding in concert, whereas aspartate at H50 strongly vetoed DNA-binding, while preserving nucleosome reactivity. Hence, anti-nuclear antibodies appear to arise as a consequence of two distinct processes-genetically programmed selection of specific CDR charge motifs into the primary immunoglobulin repertoire, with secondary contribution from somatic mutation. Polymorphisms in the lupus susceptibility gene Ly108 that impair central B-cell tolerance may be mechanistically responsible for these early repertoire differences in lupus.

Association mapping of salinity and alkalinity tolerance in improved japonica rice (Oryza sativa L. subsp. japonica Kato) germplasm

Cui, D.,Xu, C. y.,Yang, C. g.,Zhang, Q. x.,Zhang, J. g.,Ma, X. d.,Qiao, Y. l.,Cao, G. l.,Zhang, S. y.,Han, L. z. Springer Science + Business Media 2015 Genetic resources and crop evolution Vol.62 No.4

Characterization of expanded graphene nanosheet as additional material and improved performances for electric double layer capacitors

Ye, S.,Zhu, L.,Kim, I.J.,Yang, S.h.,Oh, W.C. Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemi 2016 Journal of industrial and engineering chemistry Vol.43 No.-

<P>This study improved the electrochemical performance of electrochemical double-layer capacitor (EDLC) with an activated carbon (MSP20)-based electrode by adding a small amount of expanded graphene (EG) and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR). The prepared EG was characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Raman spectroscopy. Finally, the electrochemical performance of graphene was examined in an electrolyte solution of tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate ((C2H5)(4)NBF4, TEABF(4)) in propylene carbonate (C4H6O3, PC). The capacitive performance of EDLC was evaluated with the same charge on the positive and negative electrodes by conducting cyclic voltammetry,charge and discharge measurements, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and electron spin resonance analysis. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry.</P>

Flavobacterium panacis sp. nov., isolated from rhizosphere of Panax ginseng

Kim, D. H.,Singh, P.,Farh, M. E.,Kim, Y. J.,Nguyen, N. L.,Lee, H. A.,Yang, D. C. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Vol.109 No.9

<P>A novel bacterial strain, designated DCY106(T), was isolated from soil collected from the rhizosphere of ginseng (Panax ginseng), in Gochang, Republic of Korea. Strain DCY106(T) is Gram-negative, yellow-pigmented, non-flagellate, motile, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped, and strictly aerobic. The strain grows optimally at 25-30 degrees C and pH 6.5-7.5. Phylogenetically, strain DCY106(T) is closely related to Flavobacterium arsenitoxidans KCTC 22507(T) (98.41 %), followed by Flavobacterium cutihirudini LMG 26922(T) (97.67 %), Flavobacterium nitrogenifigens LMG 28694(T) (97.59 %), Flexibacter auranticus LMG 3987(T) (97.38 %), Flavobacterium defluvi KCTC 12612(T) (97.21 %) and Flavobacterium chilense LMG 26360(T) (97.05 %). The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to all other Flavobacterium species were below97 %. The DNAG+C content of strain DCY106(T) is 34.2 mol% and the DNA-DNA relatedness between strain DCY106(T) and F. cutihirudini LMG 26922(T), F. auranticus LMG 3987(T), F. defluvi KCTC 12612(T) and F. chilense LMG 26360(T) were below 40.0 %. The menaquinone of the type MK-6 was found to be the predominant respiratory quinone. The major polar lipids were identified as phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, two unidentified aminolipids (APL1, APL6) and one unidentified lipid L2.C-15:0, iso-C-15:0 and summed feature 3 (iso-C-15:0 2OH/C-16:1 omega 7c) were identified as the major fatty acids present in DCY106(T). The results of physiological and biochemical tests allowed strain DCY106(T) to be differentiated phenotypically from other recognized species belonging to the genus Flavobacterium. Therefore, it is suggested that the newly isolated organism represents a novel species, for which the name Flavobacterium panacis sp. nov. is proposed with the type strain designated as DCY106(T) (= JCM 31468(T) = KCTC 42747(T)).</P>

편마비 환자용 다양한 손목보조기의 생체역학적 응력 해석

김정래,김명희,장대진,양현석,백윤수,박영필,박창일 大韓醫用生體工學會 2002 大韓醫用生體工學 秋季 學術大會 論文集 Vol.26 No.1

This study was tested for the bending stress analysis of hand splint for Hemiplegic Patients. Hemiplegia was represented the stroke and the cerebral palsy. Hand splints of four materials was an Orthoplast hand splint, a Polypropylene hand splint, a Yogips hand splint and an Aluminum hand splint. The Stress Analysis system was made by the electronic oscilloscope, strain gage sensors, amplifier, A/D converter, PC with C program. It will be able to using the important data in splint design. The results of analysis were obtained various different graphes and maximum data in an Orthoplast hand splint, a Polypropylene hand splint, a Yogips hand splint and an Aluminum hand splint.

Knowledge and Attitude of Clinicians on the Clinical Trials in Korea

Kim, J. M 大韓臨床藥理學會 1996 臨床藥理學會誌 Vol.4 No.1