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Comparison between Overview Menu and Text Menu in Smartphone
Kyungdoh Kim 대한인간공학회 2013 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.32 No.6
Objective: This study determines which of two types of 2D menu is better on iPhone. Background: Menu systems have been important components in modern graphical user interfaces. Review of menu design studies for human-computer interaction suggests that menu design guidelines for smartphones need to be reappraised. Method: A nested factorial design was used. Twenty-four participants were divided into two groups. The subjects were nested within the menu type. Two types of menus are an overview menu and a text menu. Two different breadth levels are 16 and 64. The participants performed five tasks in each breadth level. A task is defined as locating a product or product class on the deepest level of the hierarchy. An Apple iPhone 2G was used. Results: The results for ANOVA indicated a lack of a significant difference for time to respond between the two types of 2D menus. The overview menu showed the better satisfaction score between the two menu types. Conclusion: Even though the differences were not significant, an overview menu tended to show better performance and preference scores than a text menu that required scrolling. Application: This study can provide menu design guidelines when 2D menus are considered for small displays in a high breadth level.
Network Structure-Aware Ant-Based Routing in Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Networks
Kim, Kyungdoh,Ha, Chunghun,Ok, Changsoo Taylor & Francis 2015 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISTRIBUTED SENSOR NETWOR Vol.2015 No.-
<P>Routing algorithms for large-scale sensor networks should be capable of finding energy efficient paths to prolong the lifetime of the networks in a decentralized manner. With this respect, Ant System has several proper characteristics for routing algorithm in large-scale wireless sensor networks. First, its distributed mechanism enables routing algorithm to find a solution with only local information and be robust for uncertainties in wireless sensor networks. Second, the framework of the Ant System is proper to solve dynamic problems such as routing problem. Transition probability in Ant System can be used to estimate how good a given routing path is. Capturing these features, this work proposes two Ant Systems based routing algorithms, which are AS-RWSNs (Ant System for Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks) and SAAS-RWSN (Structure-Aware AS-RWSN). The AS-RWSN applies the original Ant System to routing algorithm for wireless sensor network and SAAS-RSN upgrades AS-RWSN with considering properties of network structure such as degree of node. In SAAS-RSN, sensors with high node degree have high data traffic since they have more routing paths. Consequently, SAAS-RSN achieves an energy balance over sensor network through this routing scheme. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms by comparing three existing routing algorithms.</P>
Investigating Smart TV Gesture Interaction Based on Gesture Types and Styles
Junyoung Ahn,Kyungdoh Kim 대한인간공학회 2017 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.36 No.2
Objective: This study aims to find suitable types and styles for gesture interaction as remote control on smart TVs. Background: Smart TV is being developed rapidly in the world, and gesture interaction has a wide range of research areas, especially based on vision techniques. However, most studies are focused on the gesture recognition technology. Also, not many previous studies of gestures types and styles on smart TVs were carried out. Therefore, it is necessary to check what users prefer in terms of gesture types and styles for each operation command. Method: We conducted an experiment to extract the target user manipulation commands required for smart TVs and select the corresponding gestures. To do this, we looked at gesture styles people use for every operation command, and checked whether there are any gesture styles they prefer over others. Through these results, this study was carried out with a process selecting smart TV operation commands and gestures. Results: Eighteen TV commands have been used in this study. With agreement level as a basis, we compared the six types of gestures and five styles of gestures for each command. As for gesture type, participants generally preferred a gesture of Path-Moving type. In the case of Pan and Scroll commands, the highest agreement level(1.00) of 18 commands was shown. As for gesture styles, the participants preferred a manipulative style in 11 commands (Next, Previous, Volume up, Volume down, Play, Stop, Zoom in, Zoom out, Pan, Rotate, Scroll). Conclusion: By conducting an analysis on user-preferred gestures, nine gesture commands are proposed for gesture control on smart TVs. Most participants preferred Path-Moving type and Manipulative style gestures based on the actual operations. Application: The results can be applied to a more advanced form of the gestures in the 3D environment, such as a study on VR. The method used in this study will be utilized in various domains.
Kim Youngdong,Kim Kyungdoh,Seok Hyesung 대한전기학회 2023 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.18 No.4
The share of renewable energy has already exceeded that of nuclear power in the United Kindom, Germany (by 30%), and Japan (10%), whereas the supply of alternative energy in South Korea is significantly less than that of advanced countries. In 2011, South Korea ended the feed-in-tariff operation and implemented renewable portfolio standards (RPSs), which require producers or sellers of electricity to supply a specified percentage of electricity generated or sold from renewable energy sources. Each operator receives renewable energy certificates corresponding to the amount of electricity supplied from renewable energy sources, allowing them to sell excess electricity or buy electricity to manage a deficit. Although the RPS ensures fairness by specifying separate quantities that can be sold based on each operator’s capacity, it focuses more on effectiveness. In this study, RPSs are investigated from the perspectives of effectiveness and fairness, and a new bidding model that further considers fairness is developed.
Investigating Ten-Finger Text Entry on Tablet PCs
Seungho Choi,Kyeongjin Park,Kyungdoh Kim 대한인간공학회 2017 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.36 No.5
Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the performance and usability of ten-finger text entry on Tablet PCs. Background: Generally a soft keyboard is used on Tablet PCs. However, the soft keyboard"s performance is usually worse than physical keyboard"s performance. In this study, we proposed a modified keyboard for tablet PCs to improve the performance of ten-finger text entry and evaluated the performance and subjective ratings of the keyboard. Method: The modified soft keyboard that is suggested in this study was compared with current Google and Samsung soft keyboards on Tablet PCs. Results: The three keyboards were not significantly different in terms of typing speed, error rate, and mental workload and showed bad performance. Also, the subjective ratings were not shown positively. Conclusion: Based on our results, ten-finger text entry using soft keyboards on Tablet PCs seems to be very difficult. However, we need to research the possibility continuously since ten-finger text entry can improve typing speed. Application: Our study can be a starting point of research that explores ten-finger text entry on Tablet PCs. The new soft keyboard design can be one of the soft keyboard alternatives. However, the key factors to improve the performance and usability of the soft keyboard will not be "key size" or "convenience to typing special characters or numbers", but other factors (e.g., "tactile feedback").