Optimization of the Spatial Resolution for the GE Discovery PET/CT 710 by Using NEMA NU 2-2007 Standards

Hyun Jin Yoon,Young Jin Jeong,Hye Joo Son,Do-Young Kang,Kyung-Yae Hyun,Min-Kyung Lee 한국물리학회 2015 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.66 No.2

The spatial resolution in positron emission tomography (PET) is fundamentally limited by the geometryof the detector element, the positron’s recombination range with electrons, the acollinearityof the positron, the crystal decoding error, the penetration into the detector ring, and the reconstructionalgorithms. In this paper, optimized parameters are suggested to produce high-resolutionPET images by using an iterative reconstruction algorithm. A phantom with three point sourcesstructured with three capillary tubes was prepared with an axial extension of less than 1 mm andwas filled with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) with concentrations above 200 MBq/cc. Theperformance measures of all the PET images were acquired according to the National ElectricalManufacturers Association (NEMA) NU 2-2007 standards procedures. The parameters for the iterativereconstruction were adjusted around the values recommended by General Electric GE, andthe optimized values of the spatial resolution and the full width at half maximum (FWHM) or thefull width at tenth of maximum (FWTM) values were found for the best PET resolution. Theaxial and the transverse spatial resolutions, according to the filtered back-projection (FBP) at 1cm off-axis, were 4.81 and 4.48 mm, respectively. The axial and the transaxial spatial resolutionsat 10 cm off-axis were 5.63 mm and 5.08 mm, respectively, and the trans-axial resolution at 10 cmwas evaluated as the average of the radial and the tangential measurements. The recommendedoptimized parameters of the spatial resolution according to the NEMA phantom for the numberof subsets, the number of iterations, and the Gaussian post-filter are 12, 3, and 3 mm for the iterativereconstruction VUE Point HD without the SharpIR algorithm (HD), and 12, 12, and 5.2mm with SharpIR (HD.S), respectively, according to the Advantage Workstation Volume Share 5(AW4.6). The performance measurements for the GE Discovery PET/CT 710 using the NEMANU 2-2007 standards from our results will be helpful in the quantitative analysis of PET scannerimages. The spatial resolution was modified more by using an improved algorithm such as HD.S,than by using HD and FBP. The use of the optimized parameters for iterative reconstructions isstrongly recommended for qualitative images from the GE Discovery PET/CT 710 scanner.

Effect of the Resveratrol and Sulforaphane Compound on the Regulation of Orofacial Pain

Kyung-Yae Hyun,Min-Kyung Lee,Gil-Hyun Lee,Byung-Moon Jin 한국실험동물학회 2017 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.8

Evaluation of the Efficacy of the Bio-active Components of Fomes Formentarius on BV2 Cell Line

Kyung-Yae Hyun,Min-Kyung Lee,Gil-Hyun Lee 한국실험동물학회 2017 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.8

Comparison of Physiological Variables by Age Group in Drinking Men

Kyung-Yae Hyun(현경예) 한국생명과학회 2009 생명과학회지 Vol.19 No.10

본 연구는 남성 음주자의 나이대별 생리학적 변수들에 어떠한 차이가 있는지를 연구하였다. 30대 남성들은 waist-hip ratio, 좌ㆍ우 심장-발목 혈관지수, 좌ㆍ우 발목-상완지수, 아밀라제, hs-CRP, CPK가 가장 낮았고 체중, IL-6, 좌ㆍ우 안와혈압, 혈색소, 적혈구수, 적혈구 분포도, ALT, 총 콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 페르틴 농도는 높게 나타났다. hs-CRP, CPK는 40대 음주남성에서 높았지만 페리틴 농도는 반대였다. 50대 음주남성에서는 WHR이 높았으며 이완기 혈압, 좌ㆍ우 안와혈압, 호산구와 아밀라제 농도는 높게 나타냈다. 60대 음주남성에서는 좌ㆍ우 심장-발목 혈관지수, 평균 혈색소 농도, γ-GTP, RF, AFP, PSA의 농도는 높았으며, 체중, 이완기 혈압, 좌ㆍ우 안와혈압, 혈색소, 혈소판, 백혈구, 적혈구 분포지수, 호산구, 단구, 아밀라제 중성지방, CPK 농도 변화에서는 높게 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 볼 때 음주는 남성들에 있어 나이대별로 다양한 생리학적 변화를 유도 할 것으로 사료된다. 향후 음주가 성별, 즉 남녀 간에 미치는 생리학적 영향의 차이에 대한 연구 역시 더 필요할 것으로 생각된다. This study was designed to investigate the differences of physiological variables by age group in alcohol-consuming men. The thirty year old-age group had the lowest waist-hip ratio (WHR), right and left cardio-ankle vascular index (R-CAVI and L-CAVI), right and left ankle-brachial index (R-ABI and L-ABI), amylase, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) levels, and the highest body weight (BW), interleukin-6 (IL-6), right and left intraocular pressure (R-IP and L-IP), hematocrit (Hct), hemoglobin (Hb), erythrocyte, red blood cells distribution width (RDW), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total cholesterol (TCH), triglyceride (TG), and ferritin levels. The forty year old-age group was the highest in hs CRp and CPK levels, but the lowest in ferritin level. The fifty year old-age group possessed the highest WHR, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), R- and L-ABI, eosinophil, and amylase levels. The sixty year old-age group had the highest R- and L-CAVI, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), ALP, γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (γ-GTP), rheumatoid factor (RF), α-fetoprotein (AFP) and prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels and the lowest BW, DBP, R-IP, L-IP, Hct, Hb, leukocyte, platelet, RDW, eosinophil, monocyte, ALT, amylase, TG, and CPK levels. These findings indicate that there may be differences of physiological variables depending on age group in alcohol-consuming men. Further studies should be focused on the physiological differences between alcohol-consuming men and women.

Evaluation of Metabolic Syndrome Risk in Korean Premenopausal Women

Hyun, Yae Jung,Kim, Oh Yoen,Jang, Yangsoo,Ha, Jong-Won,Chae, Jey Sook,Kim, Ji Young,Yeo, Hyun Yang,Paik, Jean Kyung,Lee, Jong Ho Japanese Circulation Society. 2008 CIRCULATION JOURNAL Vol.72 No.8

<P><B>Background</B> In clinical practice, using the patient's waist circumference (WC) to evaluate visceral obesity may underestimate disorders with a metabolic origin. This study examined whether or not the WC derived from the cut-off point of the visceral fat area (VFA) can reflect the features of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in premenopausal women. <B>Methods and Results</B> Computed tomography-scanned VFA, MetS components and the concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) and adiponectin were measured in a total of 349 premenopausal women. The VFA at the L1 and the L4 sites was a significant index (p<0.001) of incremental MetS risk. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis showed that 75 cm<SUP>2</SUP> of VFA at L4 and 87.5 cm<SUP>2</SUP> at L1 were the optimal thresholds for discrimination of MetS risk. Significant differences in all MetS components, as well as CRP (p<0.05) and adiponectin levels (p<0.005), were observed when subjects were subdivided by the L4 VFA cut-off point (<75/≥75 cm<SUP>2</SUP>), whereas there was a significant difference only in the triglycerides level in the groups divided by WC (WC <88/≥88 cm). Moreover, subjects with a lower WC - higher VFA showed a similar pattern in MetS components and lower adiponectin than those with a higher WC - higher VFA. <B>Conclusions</B> This study clarified that VFA rather than WC is a major determinant of MetS risk in premenopausal women. (<I>Circ J</I> 2008; <B>72:</B> 1308 - 1315)</P>

Antidepressant effects of 2-nonadecanone in the forced swimming test

Kyung-Yae Hyun,Gil-Hyun Lee 한국실험동물학회 2018 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2018 No.7

고강도운동 지속시간이 rat의 혈액학적 조성과 사이토카인에 미치는 영향

Kyung Yae Hyun(현경예) 한국생명과학회 2011 생명과학회지 Vol.21 No.7

고강도운동 시간이 레트의 혈액학적 조성과 염증관련 인자의 변화에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 고강도운동을 매일 20, 60, 그리고 120분 동안 8주간 실시하였다. 거의 모든 혈액세포수의 측정에 있어서 고강도운동이 미치는 영향은 거의 찾아볼 수 없었으나 백혈구의 경우 대조군보다 47% 더 증가한 것으로 나타났고 60분 이후로는 대조군의 70% 수준까지 감소하였다. 60분 혹은 그 이상의 시간 동안 운동을 했을 경우 혈청 내 Fe??, UIBC, 그리고 TIBC수준이 대조군에 비해 유의성 있게 증가한 반면 20분간의 운동에서는 이들의 변화를 볼 수 없었다. 염증 촉진성 사이토카인인 IL-6와 항염증성 사이토카인인 IL-10 모두의 혈청 내 수준이 고강도운동에 의해 증가하였으나 운동시간 대비 IL-6의 증가폭이 훨씬 높은 것으로 보아 염증반응의 내재 가능성을 보여주었다. 혈청 내의 인터페론-감마는 20분과 60분의 고강도운동에서 증가하였으나 120분에서는 그 수준이 대조군보다 낮아졌다. 혈청내의 nitric oxide 농도는 고강도운동에 의해 높아졌다. 전반적으로, 본 연구에서 보여진 장시간의 고강도운동에 의한 유사염증 반응은 혈류의 상승과 산소요구량이 높아진 결과로 사료되며 본 연구의 조건하에서는 고강도의 운동은 단시간운동이 건강관리에는 도움이 되는 것으로 사료된다. The effects of duration and time-dependent, high-intensity exercise on hematological properties and inflammation-related parameters in rats were studied. 20, 60, and 120 min of high-intensive exercise were performed daily for 8 weeks. None of the complete blood count (CBC) factors were affected by the exercise, except for the leukocyte concentration which, in the 20 min group, showed an increase of 47% compared to the control, but this was decreased after 60 min by 30% compared to the control. As exercise was performed for 60 min or longer, serum concentrations of Fe??, unsaturated iron biding capacity (UIBC), and total iron biding capacity (TIBC) were significantly elevated in comparison to the control, where 20 min of exercise did not show any change. Both levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, and interleukin-10 (IL-10), an anti-inflammatory cytokine in the serum, were elevated in response to the high-intensity exercise, however the rate of IL-6 increase was higher than the rate of exercise intensity increase, thus the offset of inflammation might be suggested. The concentration of nitric oxide (NO) in the serum became high in response to the exercise. Overall, the current observation suggests that inflammation-like responses to high-intensity exercise might be due to high circulation of blood flow and high oxygen requirement, resulting in systemic damages. However, under the current high-intensity exercise conditions, more than 20 min of exercise might not be suggested for health care purposes.

Relation of Lipoprotein-associated Phospholipase A2 Activity with Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Markers in Untreated Essential Hypertension

Yae Jung Hyun,Ji Young Kim,Jean Kyung Paik,Ju Yeon Park,Jey Sook Chae,Sang Hyun Lee,Tae Sook Jeong,Yang Soo Jang,Jong Ho Lee 한국지질동맥경화학회(구 한국지질학회) 2009 한국지질동맥경화학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2009 No.-

Antinociceptive effects of 2-Nonadecanone in nerve pain models

Kyung-Yae Hyun,Hye-Jin Seong,Hye-Yeon Jo,Ji-Woo Kim,Hyeon-Nam Kim,Gyeong-Nam Park,Jong-Yeop Jeon,Jung-Min Lee,Tae-Hwan Kim,Jin-Soo Park,Gil-Hyun Lee 한국실험동물학회 2018 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2018 No.7

Analysis of Change of Event Related Potential in Escape Test using Virtual Reality Technology

Kyung-Yae Hyun,Gil-Hyun Lee 대한의생명과학회 2019 Biomedical Science Letters Vol.25 No.2

The role of electroencephalography (EEG) in the development of brain-computer interface (BCI) technology is increasing. In particular, the importance of the analysis of event related potential (ERP) in various situations is becoming more significant in BCI technology. Studies on past maze and fire situations have been difficult due to risks and realistic problems. Nowadays, according to the development of virtual reality (VR) technology, realistic maze and fire situation can be realized. In this study, ERPs (P300, and evented related negativity) were analyzed to collect objective data on case determination in an emergency situation. In order to overcome the limitations of previous methods that evaluating the EEG frequency change, ERPs were derived by setting epochs for stimulation and standardizing them, and evaluated for ERPs in this study. P3a and P3b, which are subcomponents of P300, were analyzed and the evented related negativity (ERN) was analyzed together with error positivity (Pe). As a result of the study, statistically significant changes of ERPs were observed, this result, which has little related research, is considered to be meaningful as medical basic statistics.