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Sang-Mok Cha,Jae-Kyoung Shim,Kyeong-Yeoll Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2015 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.04
Cotton aphid infests more than 700 plants and a major pest of various horticultural crops worldwide. The glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78) is a member of heat shock protein 70. Its expression is associated with the nutritional changes as well as environmental stresses. The full sequences of grp78 cDNA of Aphis gossypii was determined. It had conserved motifs of hsp genes and terminated in KDEL which is common to GRP78. Quantitative realtime PCR showed that its level was changed during development and also upregulated by starvation. However, its level was not much changed by heat stress. The level of grp78 can be use to understand nutritional physiology on insects.
Sang-Mok Cha,Jae-Kyoung Shim,Kyeong-Yeoll Le 한국응용곤충학회 2015 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.10
Glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) is a member of the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) family that is specific to endoplasmic reticulum (ER). It is known as chaperones and signaling regulators that respond to ER stresses in vertebrates. However, its function in invertebrates, including insects, is uncertain. Here we determined a full cDNA sequence and the expression patterns of grp78 of Aphis gossypii, which is a major pest of numerous crop plants worldwide. Its cDNA had highly conserved motifs of the HSP70 family and the C-terminal motif of KDEL characteristic of ER-specific HSPs. It showed 98.5% identity with the GRP78 of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum. Real-time RT-PCR analysis showed that the grp78 level was higher in the fourth instar nymph than in the younger instar and adult stages. Its level was not affected by thermal stress of 10 to 40°C for 1 h. The grp78 level was proportional to the ingestion of a sucrose solution ranging in concentration from 0% to 30% in a Parafilm feeding chamber. In addition, the grp78 level varied among aphids feeding on leaves from 14 different host plants for 24 h; it was higher with eggplant and pepper but lower with pigweed and tobacco than any other plants. Our study suggests that the grp78 level is regulated by nutritional condition of A. gossypii.
Tahir Shafeeq,Jae Kyoung Shim,Sang-Mok Cha,Kyeong-Yeoll Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2015 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.10
Indianmeal moth Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is an economical pest of stored grains and their products, causing severe loss by feeding and producing silken web containing frass and exuvia. An ectoparasitoid Bracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) attacks this pest as a natural enemy and induce paralysis and developmental arrest in it. At molecular level its venom induce many physiological changes in host P. interpunctella to make it suitable source of food and development for its young ones. To explore these physiological changes at molecular level in P. interpunctella, we observed expression level of different genes having different functions related to immunity, defense and development at different intervals followed by B. hebetor envenomation. Fifth instar day 5 old larvae of P. interpunctella were used in experiment. Our results showed that B. hebetor envenomation effect the gene expression differently in host P. interpunctella. This basic study will be the starting point to understand the role of envenomation in host regulation studies.
Tahir Shafeeq,Jae Kyoung Shim,Sang-Mok Cha,Kyeong-Yeoll Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2015 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.04
Indianmeal moth Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is an important pest of stored grains products. As a natural enemy, an ectoparasitoid Bracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) has been used to control Lepidopteran pest insects. Venom from parasitoid female alters many physiological functions in host insects. However, mechanism of physiological response of host insects against envenomation and parasitization is not clear. Here we observed the effect of B. hebetor envenomation on the gene expression (shsp, hsp70, grp78 and hsp90) in P. interpunctella at different time intervals of post envenomation. Fifth instar day 5 larvae of P. interpunctella were used in experiment to observe the effect of envenomation. Our results showed that parasitoid envenomation affected the gene expression differently in host insect. This study will provide comprehensive insights on physiological and biochemical mechanism in host-parasitoid relationships.
승화법에 의한 6H-SiC 단결정 성장 : (I) 성장결함생성기구
김화목,강승민,주경,심광보,오근호,Kim, Hwa-Mok,Kang, Seung-Min,Joo, Kyoung,Shim, Kwang-Bo,Auh, Keun-Ho 한국결정성장학회 1997 한국결정성장학회지 Vol.7 No.2
승화법에 의한 단결정 성장장치를 자체 제작하여 직경 약 30 mm, 길이 약 10 mm의 6H-Sic 단결정을 성장하였다. 최적의 성장조건은 원료온도 $2150~2250^{\circ}C$, 기판온도 $1950~2050^{\circ}C$, 원료부와 기판과의 온도차 약 $200^{\circ}C$, 성장압력 50~200 torr이었고, 성장속도는 300~700 $\mu\textrm{m}$/hr이었다. 성장된 결정의 표면을 광학현미경으로 관찰하여 성장결함 생성기구를 현상학적으로 고찰하였고, 특히 표면에서 관찰되는 micropipes의 생성원인을 규명하였다. The 6H-SiC single crystals were grown using a self-designed crystal grower by the sublimation method. The grown crystals were typically 30 mm in diameter and 10 mm in length. Optimum growth conditions were established as follows : the temperature of the raw material was $2150~2250^{\circ}C$, the temperature of the substrate was $1950~2050^{\circ}C$, the temperature difference between the raw material and substrate was about $200^{\circ}C$, growth pressure was 50~200 torr and growth rate was 300~700 $\mu\textrm{m}$/hr. Optical microscopy was used for observing the surface of the 6H-SiC single crystal grown and the phenomenological approach was performed on the formation mechanism of the defects in the 6H-SiC crystal. Especially, the micropipes in the as-grown surface were examined to determine the formation mechanisms of the micropipes.
Kong, Byung Ho,Shin, Hyun-Do,Kim, Se-Hoon,Mok, Hyun-Su,Shim, Jin-Kyoung,Lee, Ji-Hyun,Shin, Hye-Jin,Huh, Yong-Min,Kim, Eui-Hyun,Park, Eun-Kyung,Chang, Jong Hee,Kim, Dong-Seok,Hong, Yong-Kil,Kim, Sun Ho Lychnia 2013 International journal of oncology Vol.42 No.5
<P>The presence of glioma stromal mesenchymal stem?like cells (GS-MSLCs) in tumors from glioma patients has been previously reported. The mechanisms through which these cells function as a part of the glioma microenvironment, however, remain incompletely understood. We investigated the biological effects of GS-MSLCs on glioma cancer stem cells (gCSCs), testing the hypothesis that GS-MSLCs alter the biological characteristics of gCSCs. GS-MSLCs and gCSCs were isolated from different glioblastoma (GBM) specimens obtained from patients. In in vitro experiments, gCSCs were cultured alone or co-cultured with GS-MSLCs, and gCSCs cell counts were compared between the two groups. In addition, two groups of orthotopic GBM xenografts in mice were created, one using gCSCs from the monoculture group and one using gCSCs isolated from the co-culture group, and tumor volume and survival were analyzed. Furthermore, in vivo proliferation, apoptosis and vessel formation were examined using immunohistochemical analyses. In vitro cell counts for gCSCs co-cultured with GS-MSLCs increased 3-fold compared to gCSCs cultured alone. In orthotopic xenograft experiments, mice injected with gCSCs isolated from the co-culture group had significantly larger tumor volume, measured on day 40 after injection, and their survival times were shorter. Immunohistochemical analysis showed increased tumor expression of CD31, indicative of enhanced microvessel formation in mice injected with gCSCs co-cultured with GS-MSLCs compared to mice injected with gCSCs cultured alone. However, proliferation (PCNA) and apoptosis (TUNEL) markers showed no significant difference between the two groups. In conclusion, GS-MSLCs may influence the biological properties of gCSCs, shifting them towards a more aggressive status; moreover, increased angiogenesis may be a critical component of this mechanism.</P>
미니돼지에서 자가 피부유래 전구세포와 탈회골 및 피브린 스케폴드를 이용한 하악골 골결손부의 골재생에 대한 연구
변준호,최문정,최영진,심경목,김욱규,김종렬,박봉욱,Byun, June-Ho,Choi, Mun-Jeong,Choi, Young-Jin,Shim, Kyoung-Mok,Kim, Uk-Kyu,Kim, Jong-Ryoul,Park, Bong-Wook 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2009 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.31 No.3
Purpose: The aims of this study were to assess the in vitro co-culturing pattern of isolated skin-derived precursor cells (SKPs) with a mixed demineralized bone (DMB) and fibrin glue scaffold and to evaluate in vivo osteogenesis after transplantation of autogenous SKPs with a these mixed scaffold in the animal's mandibular defects. Materials and Methods: We isolated SKPs from the ears of adult 4 miniature pigs. The isolated SKPs were co-cultured with a mixed DMB and fibrin glue scaffold in a non-osteogenic medium for 1, 2, and 4 weeks. Histological characteristics of in vitro co-cultured cells and scaffold were evaluated. $1{\times}10^7\;cells/100\;{\mu}l$ of autogenous porcine SKPs were grafted into the mandibular defects with a DMB and fibrin glue scaffold. In the control sites, only a scaffold was grafted, without SKPs. After two animals each were euthanized at 2 and 4 weeks after grafting, the in vivo osteogenesis was evaluated with histolomorphometric and osteocalcin immunohistochemical studies. Results: Homogeneously shaped skin-derived cells were isolated from porcine ear skin after 3 or 4 weeks of primary culture. In vitro osteogenic differentiation of SKPs was observed after co-culturing with a DMB and fibrin glue scaffold in a non-osteogenic medium. Von Kossa-positive bone minerals were also noted in the co-cultured medium at 4 weeks. As the culture time progressed, the number of observable cells increased. Trabecular new bone formation and osteocalcin expression were more pronounced in the SKP-grafted group compared to the control group. Conclusion: These findings suggest that autogenous SKP grafting with a DMB and fibrin glue scaffold can serve as a useful alternative to bone grafting technique.