특성 인식(Trait Recognition)을 통한 우리나라 은행산업의 건전성 평가

국찬표,이근경,한상일 한국금융연구원 2003 금융연구 Vol.17 No.2

본 논문은 개별은행의 건전성을 평가한 후 일정 은행군의 건전성을 평가할 수 있는 특성인식을 방법론으로 사용하여 우리니라 은행들의 건전성을 평가해 보았다. 표본 내 및 표본 외 자료를 이용한 본 논문의 실증결과에 따르면 특성모형은 미국과 유사하게 우리나라에서도 부실 및 건전은행을 적절히 구별해내며, 로짓 모형보다는 제 1종 및 2종 오류를 적절하게 조절하는 것으로 나왔다. 또한 본 논문에서 분석대상으로 설정한 변수들 가운데 자산건전성을 측정하는 지표인 X_(7)(무수익여신 비율), X_(8)(외화여신/총여신)과 수익성을 나타내는 지표인 X_(9)(순이자소득/총자산), X_(12)(영업이익/총수입), X_(13)(ROA), X_(14)(ROE)등은 은행의 도산가능성을 비교적 정확히 예측하는 변수로 나타났다. 이와 더불어 은행의 유동성을 나타내주는 지표인 X_(15)(유가증권/총자산), X_(16)(주식/총자산), X_(17)(회사채/총자산)등도 은행의 도산가능성을 정확히 예측하는 것으로 나타났으며, 은행의 생산성을 나타내주는 대표적인 지표인 X_(26)(총자산/종업원수), X_(27)(총대출/종업원수), X_(28)(총이익/종업원수)등도 은행의 건전성을 판별하는 데 유효한 변수로 나타났다. 이러한 변수에 대해서 97년 당시의 전체 20개 은행을 분류한 특성(features)을 이용해서 2003년 현재 은행의 건전도를 평가해 보았다. 이 결과 은행의 건전성이 97년보다 크게 개선된 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 외환 위기 이후 금융구조조정의 성과가 일정부분 있었던 것으로 보이며 향후 일정기간 동안 은행위기의 가능성은 낮은 것으로 판단된다. This paper seeks to ascertain the soundness of the Korean banking industry by applying an empirical method calledthe trait recognition model (TRM). We perform an empirical test with 20 banks; 10 failed banks and 10 non-failed banks. The sample is split into (1) an original sample used to build a classification model and (2) a holdout sample reserved for prediction purposes to determine the efficacy of the model. According to the empirical test, TRM identifies non-failed and failed banks relatively well, as it has done in the U.S. TRM also outperforms the logit model in terms of minimizing Type 1 (identifying a failed bank as non-failing) and TypeII( identifying a non-failed bank as failing) errors. The variables related to asset quality, profitability, and productivity predict banking failures relatively well. The variables for bank size, capital adequacy, diversification, and liability are less effective in predicting banking failures. We also evaluate the soundness of those banks that were still in operation at the end of 2002 based on variable bank features in the period of 1996-1997. We find that the soundness of most banks was relatively robust, though several banks still have problems with regard to their asset quality and profitability. Every bank is found to have maintained safe features on the variables related to productivity, which were considered most effective toward determining bank soundness. We believe this is mainly a result of improvements in productivity realized through bank restructuring and M&As.

알지닌과 특이반응을 일으키는 시약을 이용한 시금치 glycolate 산화효소의 불활성화 연구

이건국, 최정도 忠北大學校 遺傳工學硏究所 1987 遺傳工學硏究 Vol.1 No.1

본문참고

개선된 Bridgman법으로 성장한 Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_(8+δ) 單結晶의 초전도성

채건식,손인호,설정식,이수대,김영국,전동성,오재근,강성욱 경남대학교 환경문제연구소 1995 환경연구 Vol.17 No.-

The Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_(8)+_(δ) single crystals are grown from the melt using a stoichiometric starting composition fer the cautions. The size and thickness of the Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_(8)+_(δ) crystals depends on the cooling rate. The lower the cooling rate, the bigger and thicker the Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_(8)+_(δ) crystals become. Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_(8)+_(δ) X-ray diffraction(XRD) measurements of the single crystals were carried out using the radiation source of Cu Kα . In these Patterns only the (0,0,2n) diffraction appeared. The result indicated that the cleared surface of the single crystal was of the a-b face, and that the single crystal had a single phase without any undergrowth with 7K and 85K phases. In addition, although the figure is not shown, XRD patterns from (006) to (00□) were observed in the range of 2θ=0 to 60 degrees. The characterization of as-grown single crystals have been analyzed by Laue X-ray backsdattering along the c-axis and X-ray precession experiments. The result of magnetic moment vs Tc in 10 Gauss for a crystals were measurements indicated that the samples have a superconducting transition temperature of 85K.

Mg₂SiO₄ : La, Ho 열형광선량계에서 활성제 농도가 글로우 커브에 미치는 영향 La, Ho TLD on Activation Concentration

김영국,손인호,채건식,노경석,오재근,이은숙 경남대학교 신소재연구소 1996 論文集 Vol.6 No.-

본 연구에서는 Mg₂SiO₄에 활성화 물질로 La, Ho를 첨가하여 열형광체를 제작하였고 불순물의 농도를 1wt.% ∼5 wt.%까지 변화시키면서 열평광강도의 glow curve를 측정하였다. 도한 열형광체의 glow curve를 peak shape법으로 분석해서 TL특성에 대한 포획 매개변수와 활성화 에너지, 발광차수, 선량의존성등을 조사하였으며, 그 물리적 특성을 조사하고 선량계로서 타당성과 실용성을 확인하였다. The Mg₂SiO₄: La, Ho thermoluminescent phospher has been prepared by sintring Mg₂SiO₄after doping the transition elements La and Ho. The heating rate is 10℃/sec at this thermoluminescent phospher are heated. The maximum peaks are found in the measured Mg₂SiO₄: La and Ho. TL glow curve at 229℃ and 345 C when the 1 wt.%-5 wt.%. The glow curve of TLD increased TL intensity and temperature of peak appears to the high temperature when the heating rate is l0℃/sec-25℃/sec. The activation energy of the main peak has been estimated by the peak shape method. The estimated activation energies are 1.77 eV. 1.52 eV respectively. The thermoluminescence process in Mg₂SiO₄: La and Ho are found to the 2nd order when the main peak of the glow curve is analyzed by peak shape method. The dose responses of Mg₂SiO₄: La and Ho TLD are linear up to intensity of X-ray.

활성제가 Magnesium Borate의 TLD 특성에 미치는 영향

김영국,손인호,채건식 慶南大學校 附設 工業技術硏究所 1997 硏究論文集 Vol.15 No.1

Magensium Borate 열형광선량계를 아르곤가스 분위기 속에서 ?? 분말에 활성제로 Tb, Tm, Dy, La,Ho 및 Nd를 첨가하고 550℃로 2시간 동안 가열하여 제작하였다. 가온율은 20℃/sec이었고, 활성체의 농도가 2∼3 wt.%일 때 최대 peak는 160℃ 근방이었으며, 활성화에너지는 0.72∼1.55 eV이었다. 이 열형광선량계는 X- 선에 민감하였으며, 인가된 방사선의 선량에 선형적인 열형광강도를 보였다. 따라서 본 실험에서 제작한 열형광선량계는 비교적 높은 에너지의 방사선 선량을 측정하는데 효과적인 센사로 생각된다. The Magnesium Borate thermoluminescent dosimeter have been prepared by sintering ?? powers doped with activation materials, Tb, Tm, Dy, La, Ho and Nd at 550℃ for 2 hours in argon atmosphere. The heating rate of this TL phosphors 20℃/sec. The maximum peak of the ??: Tb, Tm, Dy, La, Ho and Nd TL glow curvers are found in at the 160℃ when Tb, Tm, Dy, La, Ho and Nd concentrations are 2∼3 wt.%. The estimated activation energies are 0.72∼1.55 eV. The ?? TL phoshpors are the most sensitive X-rays among the other materials. The dose responses of TLD are linear up to intensity of X-rays. The TL phosphors prepared in this work may he utilized to radiation sensor elements became of their high senstivity to high energy radiation.

Mg₂SiO₄ 열형광선량계에서 활성제 농도가 Glow곡선에 미치는 영향

김영국,손인호,채건식 경남대학교 환경문제연구소 1996 환경연구 Vol.18 No.-

The Mg_(2)SiO_(4) thermoluminescent phospher has been prepared by sintring Mg_(2)SiO_(4) after doping the transition elements Dy. Nd. Ho. La and Tb. The beating rate of this thermoluminescent phosper is 10℃/sec. The maximum peaks are found in the measured Mg_(2)SiO_(4) TL glow curve at 220℃, 252℃, 345℃, 229℃ and 289℃ when the \transition elements Dy, Nd, Ho, La and Tb are 1 ~5 wt. %. The thermoluminescence process in Mg_(2)SiO_(4) : Dy, Nd, Ho, La and Tb are found to the 2nd order when the main peak of the glow curve is analyzed by peak shape method. The Mg_(2)SiO_(4) thermoluminescent phosphor is the most sensitive to the X-rays. The dose responses of Mg_(2)SiO_(4) : Du, Nd, Ho, La, and Tb TLDs are linear up to intensity of X-ray.

CaSO₄ 열형광체의 제작과 열형광 특성에 관한 연구

김영국,손인호,채건식,노경석 경남대학교 환경문제연구소 1993 환경연구 Vol.15 No.-

CaSO₄ thermoluminescent phosphor has been prepared by sintering the CaSO₄ after doping the transition elements. The maximum peaks are found in the measured CaSO₄, TL glow curve at 130℃, 110℃ when the heating rate is 5℃. The activation energy of the main peak has been estimated by the peak shape method. The estimated activation energies are 1.02 eV, 1.32 eV respectively. The thermoluminescence process in CaSO₄, are found to the 2nd order when the main peak of the glow curve is analyzed by peak shape method.

MgB₄O7 熱螢光體의 특성과 低에너지 X線의 線量測定

김영국,손인호,설정식,채건식,노경석 慶南大學校 附設 基礎科學硏究所 1997 硏究論文集 Vol.11 No.-

To develope the thermoluminescent radiation sensors and low energy X-ray of dosimetry. The TL phosphors of MgB₄O7 are prepared and their physical characteristics are investigated. MgB₄O7 : Tb. Tm. Dy. La. Ho. and Nd phosphors have been prepared by sintering around 580℃ for 2 hours followed by flowing Ar gas. Ar gas. Activation energy and kinetic order of main peak of glow curve were studied by two methods peak shape method and initial rise method. By these methods, the estimated activation energies were 0.76±0.02eV(Tb doped). 0.94±0.03(Tm doped). 0.72±0.02 (Dy doped). respectively. The activation energy frequency factor and kinetic order of thermoluminescent process for each TL phosphors are measured by analyzing the glow curve by initial rise. peak shape. different heating rate. isothermal decay method. And The emission spectra of TL phosphors are also measured. The TL phosphors prepared in this work may be utilized to radiation sensor elements becaue of their high sensitivity to low energy X-ray.

열확산법으로 만든 CdTe p-n 다이오드의 특성에 관한 연구

채건식,김영국,설정식,전동성 慶南大學校 附設 基礎科學硏究所 1990 硏究論文集 Vol.2 No.-

Single crystals of CdTe were grown by Bridgman method from a melt. They were contained the element of 0.1, 0.15, 0.2mole % In and 0.1mole % P as a dopant respectively. The crystallographic direction of the grown CdTe have zinc blende structure which is(331) plane 2θ=62.6。 in X-ray method. The etch pits on the (100), (110) and (111) surfaces grown to characteristics shapes with E-Ag or PBr was found to consider with the crystallographic direction denoted by simple Miller indices as is depicted schematically. Here the pits on (100), (110) and (111) show rectangular, triangular and conical shapes respectively. The results of PL measurements of undoped and In-doped CdTe showed the maximum peak at 7475 Å and 7503 Å, and P-doped CdTe by thermal diffusion showed the maximum peak at 6943 Å and 7478 Å , the former was shown by Al and the later by phosphorous. The values of the electrical chracteristics have been compared with the Yamada's and we showed the good agreements between them. The thickness if Al thermal diffusion to the CdTe crystals were propotional to the diffusion time. The properties of these cells have good rectification with forward and reverse voltage.

CaSO₄ 방사선 센서의 제작과 물리적 특성

채건식,김영국 경남대학교 환경문제연구소 1997 환경연구 Vol.20 No.-

It had been developed the thermoluminescent radiation sensors and low energy X-ray of dosimetry. The TL phosphors of CaSO₄ TLD are prepared and their physical characteristics are investigated. The principle of dose measurement by thermoluminescent phosphors was investigated. CaSO₄ : Zr. Pd. Tm. Dy. V. and Mo thermoluminescent phosphor has been prepared by sintering the CaSO₄ after doping the transition elements Zr. Pd. Tm. Dy. V. and Mo, The maximum peaks are found in the measured CaSO₄ : Zr. Pd. Tm. Dy. V. and Mo Tl glow curve at impurity mol% and annealing temperature. The activation energy of main peak has been estimated by the peak shape method. The estimated activation energies are 1.5 eV. 1.25 eV. 0.8 eV. and 1.17 eV. respectively. The thermoluminescence process in CaSO₄ : Zr. Pd. Tm. Du. V and Mo are found to the 2nd order when main peak of the glow curve is analyzed by the peak shape method. CaSO₄ : Zr and Pd thermoluminescence phosphor is the most sensitive to X-rays among the other materials. The dose responses of CaSO₄ : Zr. Pd. Tm. Dy. V. and Mo are linear up to 10^(-2) ~ 10 Gy of X-rays. The activation energu frequency factor and kinetic order of thermoluminescent process for each TL phosphors are measured by analyzing the glow curve by initial rise, peak shape, different heating rate, isothermal decay method. And the emission spectra of TL phosphors are also measured. The TL phosphors in this work may be utilized to radiation sensor elements because of their high sensitivity to low energy X-ray.