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Kim Hoyoung,Lim Taehyun,Ha Go Eun,Lee Jee-Young,Kim Jun-Woo,Chang Nienping,Kim Si Hyun,Kim Ki Hun,Lee Jaeick,Cho Yongju,Kim Byeong Wook,Abrahamsson Alva,Kim Sung Hwan,Kim Hyo-Ji,Park Sehan,Lee Sang Ja 생화학분자생물학회 2023 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.55 No.-
Thus far, attempts to develop drugs that target corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 (CRF1R), a drug target in stress-related therapy, have been unsuccessful. Studies have focused on using high-resolution G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) structures to develop drugs. X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs), which prevent radiation damage and provide access to high-resolution compositions, have helped accelerate GPCR structural studies. We elucidated the crystal structure of CRF1R complexed with a BMK-I-152 antagonist at 2.75 Å using fixed-target serial femtosecond crystallography. The results revealed that two unique hydrogen bonds are present in the hydrogen bond network, the stalk region forms an alpha helix and the hydrophobic network contains an antagonist binding site. We then developed two antagonists—BMK-C203 and BMK-C205—and determined the CRF1R/BMK-C203 and CRF1R/BMK-C205 complex structures at 2.6 and 2.2 Å, respectively. BMK-C205 exerted significant antidepressant effects in mice and, thus, may be utilized to effectively identify structure-based drugs against CRF1R.
Anti-Melanogenic Effect of Cannabis sativa Stem Extracts Fermented with Weissella paramesenteroides
Kim Taehyun,Kim Jin-Woo,Min Huitae,Park Jisu,Kim Taejung,Kim Geun-Hyeong,Park Byung-Joon,Kim Jeong Kook,Park Young-Tae,Kim Jin-Chul,Ham Jungyeob 한국미생물·생명공학회 2023 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.51 No.3
Cannabis sativa (CS) has been in the spotlight not only for its medical uses but also as a raw material for cosmetics. As fermented cosmetics are known to have various health benefits, they have been extensively researched. Here, we investigated the characteristics of CS stems fermented using various gut microbes. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide assay and melanin content analysis revealed that melan-a cells containing CS stems fermented with Weissella paramesenteroides (CSWP) showed considerably reduced melanin content. Additionally, CSWP downregulated the expression of several melanogenesis factors, tyrosinase-related protein-1, and tyrosinase-related protein-2. This study suggests that the anti-melanogenic effect of CSWP could provide a new basis for the development of skinlightening agents.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Abusive Behaviors in the Caregivers of People with Dementia in Korea
Taehyun Kim,Hyeon Jeong,Ji Won Han,Kyung Phil Kwak,Bong-Jo Kim,Shin-Kyeom Kim,Jeong Lan Kim,Tae Hui Kim,Seung-Ho Ryu,Seok Woo Moon,Jae Young Park,Joon Hyuk Park,Jae Nam Bae,Jong Chul Youn,Dong Young L 대한신경정신의학회 2018 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.15 No.7
Objective We investigated the prevalence and risk factors of physically abusive behaviors (PhAB) and psychologically abusive behaviors (PsAB) towards people with dementia (PWD) in family caregivers, and compared their prevalences between East Asian and Western countries. Methods We estimated the prevalence and risk factors of PhAB and PsAB in 467 Korean pairs of community-dwelling PWD and their primary family caregivers. We evaluated abusive behaviors using the Modified Conflict Tactics Scale. In addition, we compared the prevalence of abusive behaviors between Asian and Western countries through a meta-analysis on 12 studies including the current one. Results More than a half of the caregivers reported PsAB and about one out of seven caregivers admitted PhAB within past three months. PsAB and PhAB were slightly more prevalent in East Asian countries than in Western countries. Non-Alzheimer type and moderate to severe behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia were associated with the risk of PhAB but not with the risk of PsAB. Severe care burden and low income were associated with the risk of PhAB and PsAB. Conclusion PhAB and PsAB were as prevalent in the family caregivers of PWD in Asian countries including Korea as in Western countries. Prevention strategies should be implemented according to the type of abusive behaviors.
Hwang, Taehyun,Cho, Duckhyung,Kim, Jinhyun,Kim, Jaewon,Lee, Sangheon,Lee, Byungho,Kim, Kyung Hwan,Hong, Seunghun,Kim, Chunjoong,Park, Byungwoo Elsevier 2016 Nano energy Vol.25 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>An organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite is considered as a next generation solar energy harvester due to the high power conversion efficiency. The starting precursor solution for the organolead halide perovskite is of significant interests because the ionic components in the precursor can critically affect the nanostructures and thereby the optoelectronic properties. In this work, the basic and well-known precursor solution for CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>PbI<SUB>3</SUB>(Cl) comprised of CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>I and PbCl<SUB>2</SUB>, is specifically analyzed to unravel the phenomena in the Cl-mediated solutions. The shift in equilibrium between lead-halide complex and the solvent results into the CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>PbI<SUB>3</SUB>(Cl) grain evolution with Cl incorporation, which is confirmed through x-ray fluorescence and diffraction. The effects of Cl on the optoelectronic properties are further verified by conductive atomic force microscopy, and the existing Cl leads to the 30-times-increased and inhomogeneously distributed photocurrent for CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>PbI<SUB>3</SUB>(Cl) grains compared with CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>PbI<SUB>3</SUB>. Moreover, photocurrent noise from the mixed-halide perovskite is reduced than that from the triiodide perovskite phase. Combining the microstructural evolution with the optoelectronic properties of mixed-halide perovskite, it is concluded that additional Cl reduces the defects of recombination centers resulting high photocurrent.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>PbI<SUB>3</SUB>(Cl) grain evolution from the equilibrium shift in the precursor. </LI> <LI> Grain-dependent and inhomogeneous conductive-AFM photocurrents in CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>PbI<SUB>3</SUB>(Cl). </LI> <LI> Defects reduction in CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>PbI<SUB>3</SUB>(Cl) than CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>PbI<SUB>3</SUB> by scanning noise microscopy. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>Microstructural and optoelectronic roles of chlorine in CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>PbI<SUB>3</SUB> perovskite are explored. The Cl-mediated CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>PbI<SUB>3</SUB>(Cl) grain evolution is investigated from the shift in equlibrium between lead-halide complex and the solvent of the precursor. The evidences for the Cl incorporation in the crystalline phase are further characterized by x-ray fluorescence and diffraction. Optoelectronic properties are compared between CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>PbI<SUB>3</SUB>(Cl) and CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>PbI<SUB>3</SUB>, and 30-times-enhanced photocurrent in the CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>PbI<SUB>3</SUB>(Cl) grains are observed with inhomogeneous distribution, compared with CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>PbI<SUB>3</SUB>. The origin of high optoelectronic responses is explained by the Cl-induced reduction of defects and recombination centers, as confirmed by the noise-microscopy comparison.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>