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Low Leakage Current by Solution Processed PTAA‑ZnO Transparent Hybrid Hetero‑Junction Device
Bablu K. Ghosh,Abdul I. A. Rani,Khairul A. Mohamad,Ismail Saad 대한금속·재료학회 2020 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.16 No.5
In this work solution processed novel poly-triarylamine (PTAA) organic p-type active layer on inorganic n-ZnO devicetransparency and electrical properties are investigated under illumination. Low cost organic–inorganic transparent hybridhetero-junction (HHJ) is a promising candidate for next-generation photovoltaic applications. Greater band gap organicmaterial window layer while inorganic material’s higher thermal stability as HHJ is suitable for detection and photovoltaicapplications. However, hetero-interface defects associated leakage current is the key issue of undermining large-area deviceelectrical performance. Hetero-interface defect associated carriers optical absorption limits transparency whereas leakagecurrent density is reliant on physical property and band barrier effect. It is demanded to investigate hetero-device physicalstuff and band barrier effect on electrical properties. Novel PTAA is deposited on RF-sputtered inorganic n-ZnO/ITO/glasssubstrate by spin-coating method. 100 and 60 nm PTAA thin films are deposited with 1000 and 2000 revolution per minute(rpm) growth sequence, respectively. PTAA as a transparent p-emitter is shown to absorb incident light beyond visible band,thereby it has promoted excitonic effect. Device I–V characterization carried out at different annealing temperatures andapplied voltage. Suitable annealing condition leakage current is shown to reduce nearly 10−4 A/cm2 and at higher appliedfield the greater rectifying I(+)/I(−) ratio is realized. Grain size is shown to increase with annealing effect however; leakagecurrent is remained almost independent of grain size.
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Nizar Mu’ammar Mahpoz,Norfazliana Abdullah,Mohamad Zahir Mohd Pauzi,Mukhlis A. Rahman,Khairul Hamimah Abas,Azian Abd Aziz,Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman,Juhana Jaafar,Ahmad Fauzi Ismail 한국화학공학회 2019 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.36 No.3
This work describes the development of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) membranes on modified alumina hollow fiber for desalination by forward osmosis. Effects of different seeds (ZnO, NiO and PDA) and sodium formate on in-situ deposition of ZIF-8 were studied in relation to the membrane’s morphology and performance. XRD result shows that ZIF-8 was successfully synthesized in the presence of sodium formate. FESEM images showed PDA modified support was unsuccessful in producing well defined and dense ZIF-8 membrane layer even after another ZIF-8 re-deposition due to its minimal amount. The NiO modified support was also found unsuccessful, as ZIF-8 crystals were formed in clusters. On the contrary, dense ZIF-8 membrane was successfully prepared on ZnO modified support with SF-1 synthesis solution producing bigger ZIF-8 crystal and thinner ZIF-8 membrane than as of SF-2. Water flux performance in forward osmosis showed that NiO/ZIF-8, PDA/ZIF-8 and PDA/ZIF-8 (re-deposition) membranes gave negative water fluxes of 50 kg/m2·h, 5.2 kg/m2·h and 1.7 kg/m2·h with reverse solutes of 42.66 mol/m2·h, 27.42mol/m2·h and 3.22 mol/m2·h, respectively, indicating the solute from draw solution diffused into the feed solution. However, ZIF-8 membrane prepared using SF with molar ratio of 1, on the ZnO modified support had a water flux of 13.3 kg/m2·h, reverse solute of 0.95 kg/m2·h and salt rejection of 52.1%. When the SF ratio was increased to 2, the ZIF-8 membranes showed a water flux of 12.5 kg/m2·h, reverse solute of 1.64 kg/m2·h and salt rejection of 54.9%. The moderate salt rejection could be associated with defects in the ZIF-8 membranes due to poor grain boundaries.
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