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Wireless sensor networks for underground railway applications: case studies in Prague and London
Bennett, Peter J.,Soga, Kenichi,Wassell, Ian,Fidler, Paul,Abe, Keita,Kobayashi, Yusuke,Vanicek, Martin Techno-Press 2010 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.6 No.5
There is increasing interest in using structural monitoring as a cost effective way of managing risks once an area of concern has been identified. However, it is challenging to deploy an effective, reliable, large-scale, long-term and real-time monitoring system in an underground railway environment (subway / metro). The use of wireless sensor technology allows for rapid deployment of a monitoring scheme and thus has significant potential benefits as the time available for access is often severely limited. This paper identifies the critical factors that should be considered in the design of a wireless sensor network, including the availability of electrical power and communications networks. Various issues facing underground deployment of wireless sensor networks will also be discussed, in particular for two field case studies involving networks deployed for structural monitoring in the Prague Metro and the London Underground. The paper describes the network design, the radio propagation, the network topology as well as the practical issues involved in deploying a wireless sensor network in these two tunnels.
Complexity Control Method of Chaos Dynamics in Recurrent Neural Networks
Masao Sakai,Noriyasu Homma,Kenichi Abe 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2002 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.4 No.2
This paper demonstrates that the largest Lyapunov exponent λ of recurrent neural networks can be controlled efficiently by a stochastic gradient method. An essential core of the proposed method is a novel stochastic approximate formulation of the Lyapunov exponent λ as a function of the network parameters such as connection weights and thresholds of neural activation functions. By a gradient method, a direct calculation to minimize a square error (λ-λ^obj)^2, where λ^obj is a desired exponent value, needs gradients collection through time which are given by a recursive calculation from past to present values. The collection is computationally expensive and caused unstable control for the exponent for networks with chaotic dynamics because of chaotic instability. The stochastic formulation derived in this paper gives us an approximation of the gradients collection in a fashion without the recursive calculation. This approximation can realize not only a faster calculation of the gradient, but also stable control for chaotic dynamics. Due to the non-recursive calculation, without respect to the time evolutions, the running times of this approximation grow only about is N^2 compared to as N^5 T that is of the direct calculation method. It is also shown by simulation studies that the approximation is a robust formulation for the network size and that proposed method can control the chaos dynamics in recurrent neural networks efficiently.
KUROIWA Yuichiro,MATSUURA Hiroaki,ABE Atsushi,KATO Mugio,ARIJI Yoshiko,KURITA Kenichi 대한구강악안면외과학회 2008 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.34 No.3
Mandibular chronic osteomyelitis with diffuse osteosclerosis is recognized as an intractable infectious disease. We emplyed decortication and intraarterial infusion of antibiotics in 6 cases. Decortication on the affected mandible was performed with retrocatherization to the superficial temporal artery of affected side under general anesthesia. Antibiotics, IPM/CS or FOMX was used through the artery for 4-11 days. In addition, we administered FOMX, PIPC intravenously for 8-17 days. CT and MRI were taken postoperatively. The postoperative follow-up period ranged from 1 year and 6 months to 2 years and 5 months. Postoperative MR showed that bone marrow signal was recovered to approximately normal in 4 cases. High signal area of bone marrow and osteosclerosis image remained in 2 cases, but showed improvement. The results were satisfactory without recurrence in all of 6 cases.
Wireless sensor networks for underground railway applications: case studies in Prague and London
Peter J. Bennett,Kenichi Soga,Ian Wassell,Paul Fidler,Keita Abe,Yusuke Kobayashi,Martin Vanicek 국제구조공학회 2010 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.6 No.6
There is increasing interest in using structural monitoring as a cost effective way of managing risks once an area of concern has been identified. However, it is challenging to deploy an effective, reliable, large-scale, long-term and real-time monitoring system in an underground railway environment (subway / metro). The use of wireless sensor technology allows for rapid deployment of a monitoring scheme and thus has significant potential benefits as the time available for access is often severely limited. This paper identifies the critical factors that should be considered in the design of a wireless sensor network, including the availability of electrical power and communications networks. Various issues facing underground deployment of wireless sensor networks will also be discussed, in particular for two field case studies involving networks deployed for structural monitoring in the Prague Metro and the London Underground. The paper describes the network design, the radio propagation, the network topology as well as the practical issues involved in deploying a wireless sensor network in these two tunnels.