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Border Control—A Membrane-Linked Interactome of <i>Arabidopsis</i>
Jones, Alexander M.,Xuan, Yuanhu,Xu, Meng,Wang, Rui-Sheng,Ho, Cheng-Hsun,Lalonde, Sylvie,You, Chang Hun,Sardi, Maria I.,Parsa, Saman A.,Smith-Valle, Erika,Su, Tianying,Frazer, Keith A.,Pilot, Guillaum American Association for the Advancement of Scienc 2014 Science Vol.344 No.6185
<P>Cellular membranes act as signaling platforms and control solute transport. Membrane receptors, transporters, and enzymes communicate with intracellular processes through protein-protein interactions. Using a split-ubiquitin yeast two-hybrid screen that covers a test-space of 6.4 x 10(6) pairs, we identified 12,102 membrane/signaling protein interactions from Arabidopsis. Besides confirmation of expected interactions such as heterotrimeric G protein subunit interactions and aquaporin oligomerization, >99% of the interactions were previously unknown. Interactions were confirmed at a rate of 32% in orthogonal in planta split-green flourescent protein interaction assays, which was statistically indistinguishable from the confirmation rate for known interactions collected from literature (38%). Regulatory associations in membrane protein trafficking, turnover, and phosphorylation include regulation of potassium channel activity through abscisic acid signaling, transporter activity by a WNK kinase, and a brassinolide receptor kinase by trafficking-related proteins. These examples underscore the utility of the membrane/signaling protein interaction network for gene discovery and hypothesis generation in plants and other organisms.</P>
Surface Crystallinity of Meltspun Isotactic Polypropylene Filaments
Ali Kilic,Keith Jones,심은경,Behnam Pourdeyhimi 한국고분자학회 2016 Macromolecular Research Vol.24 No.1
In this study, surface crystallinity of meltspun polypropylene (PP) filaments was reported. Results obtained from attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy were confirmed with tapping mode atomic force microscopy (TM-AFM) analysis. ATR-FTIR tests were performed directly on longitudinal surfaces of the filaments, where IR radiation penetrates up to a specific depth. TM-AFM measurements were done on microtomed cross-sections of the filaments, which were scanned carefully to investigate stiffness. Annealing enhanced the surface crystallinity of the filaments in a significant way. Interestingly, samples annealed at 70 and 110 oC for 12 h exhibited similar crystallinity on the uppermost 500 nm surface, whereas for the bulk a continuous increase was observed after XRD studies. 12 h annealing at 70 oC modified the endothermic thermogram, while it did not causes significant effect on overall bulk crystallinity. Differences in the behavior of surface and bulk of the fibrous materials should be considered particularly for surface treatment, i.e. plasma, corona discharge, chemical vapor deposition. Results are also pertinent for water and dye absorbency in polymers.