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Kazuhiko Mitsukuri,Masahumi Johkan,Satoshi Yamasaki,Takahiro Tezuka,Kei-ichiro Mishiba,Masayuki Oda 한국원예학회 2009 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.50 No.4
We attempted to establish a micropropagation system to increase the propagation efficiency of the epiphytic orchid Neofinetia falcata Hu. Explant materials used were shoot apexes, new stocks, scapes, leaves, and root tips taken from field-grown plants. The shoot apex was the most successful organ for the establishment of aseptic cultures. However, the cut surfaces of explants exuded browning compounds into the medium. The browning was prevented and bud formation was improved by dark-conditioning for two or three weeks in a shoot apex culture. To establish a sustainable micropropagation system using plantlets produced from the shoot apex culture, we investigated effects of dark-preconditioning, low temperature, and ascorbic acid on browning and bud formation. Explants derived from dark-preconditioned plantlets formed multiple buds, and did not produce browning compounds. Low temperature and ascorbic acid also prevented browning, but decreased survival ratio and bud formation. Additional low temperature or ascorbic acid treatments in addition to darkpreconditioning did not increase the survival ratio or bud formation as compared with the dark-preconditioning alone. These results show that N. falcata can be micropropagated by a shoot apex culture with two to three weeks of a dark-preconditioning treatment, and by repeated cultures of plantlets derived from shoot apex culture.
Masahumi Johkan,Masayuki Oda,Kazuhiko Mitsukuri,Satoshi Yamasaki 한국원예학회 2009 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.50 No.3
The complete decapitation method (CDM), which regenerates multiple shoots from the cut surfaces of the main and lateral stems of plants grown in vivo, was reported as a new vegetative propagation method in tomato plants. The practical use of CDM, however, was restricted because of varietal and seasonal variations of the shoot regeneration. Therefore, we investigated the effect of etiolation at the cut ends of stems on the shoot regeneration to diminish the varietal and seasonal variations in CDM. Etiolation increased number of regenerated shoots in four tomato cultivars, and decreased variation coefficient of the values by 48% in comparison with unetiolation. Etiolation promoted shoot regeneration in five seasons, and variation coefficient of regenerated shoot number in the five seasons decreased by 33% in comparison with unetiolation. These results indicated that etiolation promoted shoot regeneration and diminished the varietal and seasonal variations of shoot regeneration, and made CDM applicable to practical use.