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Kazmierczak, Pam,Kim, Dae Hyuk,Turina, Massimo,Van Alfen, Neal K. American Society for Microbiology 2005 EUKARYOTIC CELL Vol.4 No.5
<B>ABSTRACT</B><P>Hydrophobins are abundant small hydrophobic proteins that are present on the surfaces of many filamentous fungi. The chestnut blight pathogen <I>Cryphonectria parasitica</I> was shown to produce a class II hydrophobin, cryparin. Cryparin is the most abundant protein produced by this fungus when grown in liquid culture. When the fungus is growing on chestnut trees, cryparin is found only in the fungal fruiting body walls. Deletion of the gene encoding cryparin resulted in a culture phenotype typical of hydrophobin deletion mutants of other fungi, i.e., easily wettable (nonhydrophobic) hyphae. When grown on the natural substrate of the fungus, however, cryparin-null mutation strains were unable to normally produce its fungal fruiting bodies. Although the stromal pustules showed normal development initially, they were unable to erupt through the bark of the tree. The hydrophobin cryparin thus plays an essential role in the fitness of this important plant pathogen by facilitating the eruption of the fungal fruiting bodies through the bark of its host tree.</P>
Lu, Xiaoqing,Kazmierczak, Katarzyna,Jiang, Xiaoyu,Jones, Michelle,Watt, James,Helfman, David M.,Moore, Jeffrey R.,Szczesna‐,Cordary, Danuta,Lossos, Izidore S. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 The FEBS journal Vol.278 No.11
<P>Human germinal center associated lymphoma (HGAL) is a germinal center‐specific gene whose expression correlates with a favorable prognosis in patients with diffuse large B‐cell and classic Hodgkin lymphomas. HGAL is involved in negative regulation of lymphocyte motility. The movement of lymphocytes is directly driven by actin polymerization and actin–myosin interactions. We demonstrate that HGAL interacts directly and independently with both actin and myosin and delineate the HGAL and myosin domains responsible for the interaction. Furthermore, we show that HGAL increases the binding of myosin to F‐actin and inhibits the ability of myosin to translocate actin by reducing the maximal velocity of myosin head/actin movement. No effects of HGAL on actomyosin ATPase activity and the rate of actin polymerization from G‐actin to F‐actin were observed. These findings reveal a new mechanism underlying the inhibitory effects of germinal center‐specific HGAL protein on lymphocyte and lymphoma cell motility.</P>
Vertical Graphene Growth from Amorphous Carbon Films Using Oxidizing Gases
Bachmatiuk, Alicja,Boeckl, John,Smith, Howard,Ibrahim, Imad,Gemming, Thomas,Oswald, Steffen,Kazmierczak, Wojciech,Makarov, Denys,Schmidt, Oliver G.,Eckert, Juergen,Fu, Lei,Rummeli, Mark H. American Chemical Society 2015 JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C - Vol.119 No.31
<P>Amorphous carbon thin films are technologically important materials that range in use from the semiconductor industry to corrosion-resistant films. Their conversion to crystalline graphene layers has long been pursued; however, typically this requires excessively high temperatures. Thus, crystallization routes which require reduced temperatures are important. Moreover, the ability to crystallize amorphous carbon at reduced temperatures without a catalyst could pave the way for practical graphene synthesis for device fabrication without the need for transfer or post-transfer gate deposition. To this end we demonstrate a practical and facile method to crystallize deposited amorphous carbon films to high quality graphene layers at reduced annealing temperatures by introducing oxidizing gases during the process. The reactive gases react with regions of higher strain (energy) in the system and accelerate the graphitization process by minimizing criss-cross-linkages and accelerating C–C bond rearrangement at defects. In other words, the movement of crystallite boundaries is accelerated along the carbon hexagon planes by removing obstacles for crystallite coalescence.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jpccck/2015/jpccck.2015.119.issue-31/acs.jpcc.5b05167/production/images/medium/jp-2015-05167v_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jp5b05167'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
A search for interstellar naphthalene and anthracene cations
Galazutdinov, G.,Lee, Byeong‐,Cheol,Song, In‐,Ok,Kazmierczak, M.,Krełowski, J. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Vol.412 No.2
<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P>The evidence for naphthalene and anthracene cations reported by Iglesias‐Groth and co‐authors in 2008 and 2010 respectively in the spectra of a rather cool object, (A3V) Cernis 52, was carefully examined with the aid of high‐resolving‐power (30 000 ≲<I>R</I>≲ 90 000) spectra. No possible bands of these molecules were found in high signal‐to‐noise ratio spectra of HD 147889, HD 204827, HD 207538 and HD 281259 – these objects represent both weaker and stronger interstellar molecular features and diffuse bands than Cernis 52. The idea that possible naphthalene and anthracene feature detection has a connection to the anomalous microwave emission reported in the direction of Cernis 52 has been examined using high‐quality spectra of HD 278942 and HD 281159 observed in the same area as Cernis 52. Despite the high microwave flux density in the direction of HD 281159 (∼four times higher at 60 μm than in the direction to Cernis 52), no expected features were detected. Accordingly, we consider these PAH discoveries as premature. Using the spectrum of HD 281159 we estimate the column density of interstellar naphthalene and anthracene normalized to <I>E</I>(<I>B</I>−<I>V</I>) = 1.0 as less than 2.16 × 10<SUP>12</SUP> and 1.4 × 10<SUP>12</SUP> respectively.</P>