Molecular characterization and expressional affirmation of the beta proteasome subunit cluster in rock bream immune defense

Kasthuri, Saranya Revathy,Umasuthan, Navaneethaiyer,Whang, Ilson,Lim, Bong-Soo,Jung, Hyung-Bok,Oh, Myung-Joo,Jung, Sung-Ju,Yeo, Sang-Yeob,Kim, Sung Yeon,Lee, Jehee Springer-Verlag 2014 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS Vol.41 No.8

Molecular characterization and expression analysis of IκB from Haliotis discus discus

Kasthuri, S.R.,Whang, I.,Navaneethaiyer, U.,Lim, B.S.,Choi, C.Y.,Lee, J. Academic Press 2013 Fish & shellfish immunology Vol.34 No.6

Innate immune system relies on the recognition of pathogen associated molecular patterns present in the microbes by the pattern recognition receptors leading to the activation of signaling cascade and subsequent synthesis of cytokines. NF-κB is a major stimulus activated transcription factor, which regulates the expression of a diverse array of genes. IκB is an inhibitor of NF-κB, retaining NF-κB in an inactive state in the cytoplasm. In this study, we have reported the characterization of first abalone IκB (HdIκB). The cDNA possessed an ORF of 1200 bp coding for a protein of 400 amino acids with molecular mass of 45 kDa and isoelectric point of 4.7. HdIκB protein possessed a conserved phosphorylation site <SUP>58</SUP>DSGIFS<SUP>63</SUP> in the N-terminal region, six ankyrin repeats, and a PEST sequence in the C-terminal region. A casein kinase II phosphorylation site could also be observed in the PEST sequence. Constitutive expression of HdIκB revealed its physiological significance since NF-κB is known to be activated by various stimuli. Elevated expression of HdIκB transcripts could be observed in abalones challenged with various mitogens and live microbes. This novel characterization of abalone IκB would further be a positive approach in the affirmation of evolutionary conservation and significance of this protein as a repressor/inhibitor of a pleiotropic transcription factor like NF-κB.

Genomic characterization, expression analysis, and antimicrobial function of a glyrichin homologue from rock bream, Oplegnathus fasciatus

Kasthuri, S.R.,Wan, Q.,Umasuthan, N.,Bathige, S.D.N.K.,Lim, B.S.,Jung, H.B.,Lee, J.,Whang, I. Academic Press 2013 Fish & shellfish immunology Vol.35 No.5

Antimicrobial peptides are important innate effector molecules, playing a vital role in antimicrobial immunity in all species. Glyrichin is a transmembrane protein and an antibacterial peptide, exerting its functions against a wide range of pathogenic bacteria. In this study, cDNA and a BAC clone harboring the glyrichin gene were identified from rock bream and characterized. Genomic characterization showed that the OfGlyrichin gene exhibited a 3 exon-2 intron structure. OfGlyrichin is a 79-amino-acid protein with a transmembrane domain at <SUP>22</SUP>GFMMGFAVGMAAGAMFGTFSCLR<SUP>44</SUP>. Pairwise and multiple sequence alignments showed high identity and conservation with mammalian orthologues. Phylogenetic analysis showed a close relationship with fish species. Higher levels of OfGlyrichin transcripts were detected in the liver from healthy rock bream which were induced by immunogens like lipopolysaccharide, poly I:C, rock bream irido virus, Edwardsiella tarda and Streptococcus iniae. The synthetic peptide (pOf19) showed antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, E. tarda, and S. iniae. Analysis of the bacterial morphological features after pOf19 peptide treatment showed breakage of the cell membrane, affirming that antibacterial function is accomplished through membrane lysis. The pOf19 peptide also showed antiviral activity against RBIV infection. The high conservation of the genomic structure and protein, together with the antimicrobial roles of OfGlyrichin, provide evidence for the evolutionary existence of this protein playing a vital role in innate immune defense in rock bream.

Tissue Culture Studies in Some Medicinally Important Plants

Kasthuri, G.Mangai The Plant Resources Society of Korea 2001 Plant Resources Vol.4 No.3

Hibiscus cannabinus, Cassia fistula and Abutilon indicum are medicinally important plants in India. Tissue culture studies have done for efficient propagation and for crop improvement in these three plants. Various explants were tried for callus induction, somatic embryogenesis and organagenesis with manipulation in culture media. Calli and somatic embryos were induced from hypocotyl explants in Hibiscus cannabinus, while in Cassia fistula and Abutilon indicum it could be obtained from leaf explants.

Functional characterization of the evolutionarily preserved mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) from rock bream, Oplegnathus fasciatus

Kasthuri, S.R.,Wan, Q.,Whang, I.,Lim, B.S.,Yeo, S.Y.,Choi, C.Y.,Lee, J. Academic Press 2014 Fish & Shellfish Immunology Vol.40 No.2

Antimicrobial immune defense is evolutionarily preserved in all organisms. Mammals have developed robust, protein-based antiviral defenses, which are under constant investigation. Studies have provided evidences for the various fish immune factors sharing similarity with those of mammals. In this study, we have identified an ortholog of mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein from rock bream, Oplegnathus fasciatus. RbMAVS cDNA possesses an open reading frame (ORF) of 1758 bp coding for a protein of 586 amino acids with molecular mass of approximately 62 kDa and isoelectric point of 4.6. In silico analysis of RbMAVS protein revealed a caspase recruitment domain (CARD), a proline rich domain and a transmembrane domain. RbMAVS protein also contains a putative TRAF2 binding motif, <SUP>319</SUP>PVQDT<SUP>323</SUP>. Primary sequence comparison of RbMAVS with other orthologues revealed heterogeneity towards the C-terminus after the CARD region. RbMAVS transcripts were evident in all the examined tissues. RbMAVS expression was induced in vivo after poly I:C challenge in peripheral blood cells, liver, head kidney and spleen tissues. Over-expression of RbMAVS potently inhibited marine birnavirus (MABV) infection in rock bream heart cells and induced various cytokines and signaling molecules in vitro. Thus, RbMAVS is an antiviral protein and potentially involved in the recognition and signaling of antiviral defense mechanism in rock bream.

A Glimpse into the Genome-wide DNA Methylation Changes in 6-hydroxydopamine-induced In Vitro Model of Parkinson’s Disease

Magalingam Kasthuri Bai,Somanath Sushela Devi,Radhakrishnan Ammu Kutty 한국뇌신경과학회 2023 Experimental Neurobiology Vol.32 No.3

A cell-based model of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a well-established in vitro experimental prototype to investigate the disease mechanism and therapeutic approach for a potential anti-PD drug. The SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells and 6-OHDA combo is one of the many neurotoxininduced neuronal cell models employed in numerous neuroscience-related research for discovering neuroprotective drug compounds. Emerging studies have reported a significant correlation between PD and epigenetic alterations, particularly DNA methylation. However, the DNA methylation changes of PD-related CpG sites on the 6-OHDA-induced toxicity on human neuronal cells have not yet been reported. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using Infinium Epic beadchip array surveying 850000 CpG sites in differentiated human neuroblastoma cells exposed to 6-OHDA. We identified 236 differentially methylated probes (DMPs) or 163 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in 6-OHDA treated differentiated neuroblastoma cells than the untreated reference group with p<0.01, Δbeta cut-off of 0.1. Among 236 DMPs, hypermethylated DMPs are 110 (47%), whereas 126 (53%) are hypomethylated. Our bioinformatic analysis revealed 3 DMRs that are significantly hypermethylated and associated with neurological disorders, namely AKT1, ITPR1 and GNG7. This preliminary study demonstrates the methylation status of PD-related CpGs in the 6-OHDA-induced toxicity in the differentiated neuroblastoma cells model.

A note on subclass of starlike and convex functions associated with Struve functions

M.Kasthuri,K. Vijaya 장전수학회 2016 Advanced Studies in Contemporary Mathematics Vol.26 No.2

The purpose of the present paper is to investigate some characterization for generalized Struve functions of first kind to be in the new subclasses of β uniformly starlike and β uniformly convex functions of order α. Further we point out some consequences of our main results.

Feature Extraction and Classification of EEG Signal Using Multilayer Perceptron

Mouleeshuwarapprabu R.,Kasthuri N. 대한전기학회 2023 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.18 No.4

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a typical tool utilized for the discovery of epileptic seizures. Notwithstanding, long-term EEG, visual investigation of records is described by its subjectivity, time-consuming procedure, and misdiagnosis. Different types of seizure detection algorithms are used to solve the problems but these methods have a high false classification ratio. Therefore this work introduces a novel automatic seizure detection mechanism to reduce the false classification ratio. The proposed strategies suggest that users choose the appropriate one for a given classification problem. The wavelet transform is based on the principle of describing the temporal evolution of a signal across different time scales by providing information about the local regularity. Multi-Model Features must be extracted from individual sources of data by constructing a signal that is appropriate for the type of data. The extraction of features from one source is independent of the extraction of features from an ECG Signal. Therefore, the proposed method for detecting automatic epilepsy identification may be considered a significant option compared to the traditional strategies, which can reduce the overload of visual analysis and accelerate the detection of seizures.

Classical Tamil Speech Enhancement with Modified Threshold Function using Wavelets

Indra. J,Kasthuri. N,Navaneetha Krishnan. S 대한전기학회 2016 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.11 No.6

Speech enhancement is a challenging problem due to the diversity of noise sources and their effects in different applications. The goal of speech enhancement is to improve the quality and intelligibility of speech by reducing noise. Many research works in speech enhancement have been accomplished in English and other European Languages. There has been limited or no such works or efforts in the past in the context of Tamil speech enhancement in the literature. The aim of the proposed method is to reduce the background noise present in the Tamil speech signal by using wavelets. New modified thresholding function is introduced. The proposed method is evaluated on several speakers and under various noise conditions including White Gaussian noise, Babble noise and Car noise. The Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), Mean Square Error (MSE) and Mean Opinion Score (MOS) results show that the proposed thresholding function improves the speech enhancement compared to the conventional hard and soft thresholding methods.

UPPER BOUNDS OF SECOND HANKEL DETERMINANT FOR UNIVERSALLY PRESTARLIKE FUNCTIONS

Ahuja, Om,Kasthuri, Murugesan,Murugusundaramoorthy, Gangadharan,Vijaya, Kaliappan Korean Mathematical Society 2018 대한수학회지 Vol.55 No.5

In [12,13] the researchers introduced universally convex, universally starlike and universally prestarlike functions in the slit domain ${\mathbb{C}}{\backslash}[1,{\infty})$. These papers extended the corresponding notions from the unit disc to other discs and half-planes containing the origin. In this paper, we introduce universally prestarlike generalized functions of order ${\alpha}$ with ${\alpha}{\leq}1$ and we obtain upper bounds of the second Hankel determinant ${\mid}a_2a_4-a^2_3{\mid}$ for such functions.