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Oschatz, M.,Lee, J. T.,Kim, H.,Nickel, W.,Borchardt, L.,Cho, W. I.,Ziegler, C.,Kaskel, S.,Yushin, G. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.2 No.41
<▼1><P>Hierarchical micro- and mesoporous CDC materials prepared by sacrificial templating with high performance in lithium–sulfur battery cathodes are presented.</P></▼1><▼2><P>Polymer-based carbide-derived carbons (CDCs) with combined micro- and mesopores are prepared by an advantageous sacrificial templating approach using poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) spheres as the pore forming material. Resulting CDCs reveal uniform pore size and pore shape with a specific surface area of 2434 m<SUP>2</SUP> g<SUP>−1</SUP> and a total pore volume as high as 2.64 cm<SUP>3</SUP> g<SUP>−1</SUP>. The bimodal CDC material is a highly attractive host structure for the active material in lithium–sulfur (Li–S) battery cathodes. It facilitates the utilization of high molarity electrolytes and therefore the cells exhibit good rate performance and stability. The cathodes in the 5 M lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) electrolyte show the highest discharge capacities (up to 1404 mA h gs<SUP>−1</SUP>) and capacity retention (72% after 50 cycles at C/5). The unique network structure of the carbon host enables uniform distribution of sulfur through the conductive media and at the same time it facilitates rapid access for the electrolyte to the active material.</P></▼2>
Few-Layer Graphene Shells and Nonmagnetic Encapsulates: A Versatile and Nontoxic Carbon Nanomaterial
Bachmatiuk, Alicja,Mendes, Rafael G.,Hirsch, Cordula,Jä,hne, Carsten,Lohe, Martin R.,Grothe, Julia,Kaskel, Stefan,Fu, Lei,Klingeler, Rü,diger,Eckert, Jü,rgen,Wick, Peter,Rü,mme American Chemical Society 2013 ACS NANO Vol.7 No.12
<P>In this work a simple and scalable approach to coat nonmagnetic nanoparticles with few-layer graphene is presented. In addition, the easy processing of such nanoparticles to remove their core, leaving only the 3D graphene nanoshell, is demonstrated. The samples are comprehensively characterized, as are their versatility in terms of functionalization and as a material for electrochemical storage. Indeed, these 3D graphene nanostructures are easily functionalized much as is found with carbon nanotubes and planar graphene. Electrochemical investigations indicate these nanostructures are promising for stable long-life battery applications. Finally, initial toxicological investigations suggest no acute health risk from these 3D graphene nanostructures.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2013/ancac3.2013.7.issue-12/nn4051562/production/images/medium/nn-2013-051562_0010.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn4051562'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Lee, Jung Tae,Zhao, Youyang,Thieme, Sö,ren,Kim, Hyea,Oschatz, Martin,Borchardt, Lars,Magasinski, Alexandre,Cho, Won‐,Il,Kaskel, Stefan,Yushin, Gleb WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2013 ADVANCED MATERIALS Vol.25 No.33
<P><B>Novel nanostructured sulfur (S)–carbide derived carbon (CDC) composites</B> with ordered mesopores and high S content are successfully prepared for lithium sulfur batteries. The tunable pore‐size distribution and high pore volume of CDC allow for an excellent electrochemical performance of the composites at high current densities. A higher electrolyte molarity is found to enhance the capacity utilization dramatically and reduce S dissolution in S‐CDC composite cathodes during cycling.</P>