A Sampling Based Design Verification System

Kang, Sungho THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF ASIC DESIGN YONSEI UNIVE 1996 Journal of the Research Institute of ASIC Design Vol.3 No.1

New design verification methodology provides a confidence measure for design verification, based on design error models. To derive efficient design verification, a design error simulation system(CES) using statistical sampling techniques is developed. The results show the efficiency and accuracy of the system.

Defect States below the Conduction Band Edge of HfO₂ Grown on InP by Atomic Layer Deposition

Kang, Yu-Seon,Kim, Dae-Kyoung,Kang, Hang-Kyu,Cho, Sangwan,Choi, Sungho,Kim, Hyoungsub,Seo, Jung-Hye,Lee, Jouhahn,Cho, Mann-Ho American Chemical Society 2015 The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part C Vol.119 No.11

<P>The electronic structure and nature of the defect states below the conduction band edge of an HfO<SUB>2</SUB> gate dielectric grown on InP substrate prepared by atomic layer deposition was examined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and density functional theory (DFT). When the HfO<SUB>2</SUB> dielectric was deposited on an InP substrate with an abrupt interface, the resulting HfO<SUB>2</SUB> develops a tetragonal (<I>t</I>) structure, which minimizes the interfacial lattice mismatch. The O <I>K</I>-edge absorption features and DFT calculations indicated that additional structural distortion occurred by a <I>q</I> = −2 charged O vacancy (VO<SUP>–2</SUP>) in the <I>t</I>-HfO<SUB>2</SUB>. The electronic structure and the charge-transition levels of <I>t</I>-HfO<SUB>2</SUB> with VO<SUP>–2</SUP> were assigned based on a second derivative analysis of O <I>K</I>-edge features; 12 distinct pre-edge defect states below the Hf 5d conduction band edge were evident when the degeneracies resulting from Jahn–Teller splitting and crystal field splitting were removed. No changes in the electronic structure near valence band edge by VO<SUP>–2</SUP> were observed in XPS valence spectra. Moreover, O vacancies in <I>t</I>-HfO<SUB>2</SUB> lead to substantial midgap states caused by interstitial elemental In or P in the <I>t</I>-HfO<SUB>2</SUB> due to the enhanced out-diffusion of elemental In or P through O vacancies. We conclude that both the defect states near the CBE and the midgap states could be controlled by the incorporation of nitrogen into the HfO<SUB>2</SUB> using a thermal NH<SUB>3</SUB> treatment.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jpccck/2015/jpccck.2015.119.issue-11/jp511666m/production/images/medium/jp-2014-11666m_0010.gif'></P>

Two-stage Meta-Heuristic Algorithm for Parallel Machine Scheduling with Additional Resource Input in Shipyard Manufacturing

KANG SungHo,CHUNG Seokhyun,LEE Soonkyo,CHEONG Taesu,SEO Yoonho 대한산업공학회 2019 대한산업공학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.4

Two-stage Meta-Heuristic Algorithm for Parallel Machine Scheduling with Additional Resource Input in Shipyard Manufacturing

KANG SungHo,CHUNG Seokhyun,LEE Soonkyo,CHEONG Taesu,SEO Yoonho 한국경영과학회 2019 한국경영과학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.4

Development of Automatic Simulation Model Generation System

Kang,Sungho THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF ASIC DESIGN YONSEI UNIVE 1995 Journal of the Research Institute of ASIC Design Vol.2 No.1

This paper presents an automatic program synthesis system which generates simulation models for digital simulators. Behavioral and structural models can be generated from Boolean equations, truth tables, HDL descriptions or schematic diagrams. This system provides an efficient method for automatic model development, which is one of the most difficult task, in a simulation environment.

The Current State and Historico-geographical Background of Mt. Chirisan Region Immigrants

Kang Sungho(강성호) 고려대학교 한국사연구소 2016 International Journal of Korean History Vol.21 No.2

이 글은 “지리산 지역”이라고 지정된 곳으로 이주한 사람들의 역사적/지리학적 배경과 현황, 그들의 특성, 관련된 종합적인 주제들을 분석하였다. 이 논문에서는 남원시, 장수군, 곡성군, 구례군, 하동군, 산청군, 함양군 등의 7개 시/군 지역을 지리산 지역으로 정의한다. 지리산 지역은 대부분 산간 지역과 농촌 지역으로 구성되어 있기 때문에, 이주자들의 사회경제적인 유인 효과는 상대적으로 도시 지역이나 산업 지역과는 관계가 적다. 또한 지리산 지역에서의 결혼 이주 비율이 도시나 산업적인 지역에 비해 상대적으로 높기 때문에, 외국인 여성의 비율이 외국인남성의 비율보다 높다는 점도 확인할 수 있다. 이주자들의 고향을 살펴보면, 동남아시아와 동북아시아 출신 여성이 대부분을 차지한다는 것을 알 수 있다. 그리고 이 연구는 지리산 지역에 있는 7개의 다문화 가족 지원 센터의 지원 프로그램 현황과 문제, 가능한 해결책에 대해서도 분석하고 있다. 지역의 역사적인 발전과 최근의 사회적 변화를 바탕으로 우리 사회와 정부는 더 높은 수준의 사회적 이주와 직업훈련 지원 프로그램을 개발할 필요가 있으며 이주자들의 다양한 문화적 정체성을 보호할 수 있는 정책들을 실행해야 한다. 또한 내륙 산간 지역인 지리산 지역에 좀 더 적합한 차별화된 다문화 가정 지원 프로그램이 개발될 필요가 있다. This paper examined the historico-geographical background and current state of immigrants in the area designated as the “Mt. Chirisan Region,” their characteristics, and related integration issues. This article defines the Mt. Chirisan Region as the 7 cities/kuns of Namwŏn-si, Changsu-kun, Koksŏng-kun, Kurye-kun, Hadong-kun, Sanchŏng-kun, and Hamyang-kun. As the Mt. Chirisan Region mainly consists of mountainous and agricultural areas, the immigrant induction effect socio-economically was low relative to urban and industrial areas. It was also noted that, as the percentage of marriage immigration in Mt. Chirisan was high relative to urban or industrial areas, the female foreigner ratio was higher than that of male foreigners. In regard to the home countries of immigrants, women from South-East Asia and North-East Asia accounted for the majority. Also, this article examines the current situation of support programs of 7 local Multicultural Family Support Centers in the Mt. Chirisan Region, their problems, and probably solutions. Based on the historical development of the region and recent social changes, our society and government need to actively develop a higher level of social integration and employment education support programs, and carry out policies that will protect the diverse cultural identities of immigrants. In addition, differentiated multicultural family support programs appropriate for Mt. Chirisan, an inland mountain region, need to be developed.

퇴직연금 가입자교육 만족도 및 투자변경 효과 분석

강성호 ( Sungho Kang ),류건식 ( Keon Shik Ryu ) 한국연금학회 2020 연금연구 Vol.10 No.1

본 연구는 퇴직연금 가입자교육 운영 실태를 살펴보고 가입자교육의 만족도, 포트폴리오 변경 효과 등에 대한 실증분석을 통해 향후 가입자교육의 개선 방향을 제시하고 있다. 가입자교육 운영 실태를 보면, 가입자교육(가입 시 교육 및 계속교육)은 영세기업에서 잘 수행되지 못하고, 회사의 책임성도 약한 것으로 나타났고, 무엇보다 투자교육 수준은 더욱 취약하여 형식에 치우쳐 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 이러한 현상은 주로 가입자교육의 경험과 투자지식이 부족한 영세기업의 근로자 들에게 주로 나타날 것이라는 점에서 이들을 중심으로 가입자교육을 강화할 필요성을 시사하고 있다. 다음으로 가입자교육 만족도를 결정하는 요인과 투자교육 후 포트폴리오 변경 여부에 대해 실증분석한 결과, 가입자교육의 만족도를 제고하기 위해서는 우선적으로 자산운용에 대한 긍정적 인식이 제고될 수 있도록 하는 정책추진이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 현행 투자교육의 수준은 포트폴리오 변경을 유인하지 못한다는 점에서 향후 투자교육의 질과 투자자의 성향을 고려한 맞춤형 가입자교육이 필요함을 시사하고 있다. 이러한 실태조사 및 실증분석 결과를 통해 볼 때, 가입자교육의 만족도와 효과성 제고를 위해서는 사용자 등 수탁자에 대한 가입자교육 책임 강화필요, 가입자교육의 내실화 강화, 가입자교육의 인프라 제고, 가입자교육 관리 및 감독의 강화 등이 요구된다고 하겠다. This study looks into the current status of education for retirement pension subscribers and suggests possible ways to improve further education programs through empirical analysis of satisfaction of subscribers and how education affects subscribers’ decision to change their investment portfolios. When it comes to education for retirement pension subscribers, the study finds that both education programs upon registration and regular education on retirement pension have not been carried out properly in most of the small businesses. Furthermore, companies tended to evade the responsibility to educate subscribers. This shows that the blind spot of subscriber education exist. Investment education particularly has been less efficient since workers in small businesses are not experienced in educating investment knowledge to subscribers. The study analyzed some factors that determine the satisfaction of subscribers and whether subscribers try to reconstruct investment portfolios after they learn about retirement pension and investment. As a result, the study identifies that it is necessary to instill a positive awareness of subscribers on asset management to improve the satisfaction of education for retirement pension subscribers. Besides, subscribers’ education programs should be customized based on the quality of education and the tendency of each investor as the current level of investment education does not induce subscribers to change their investment portfolio. Through the results of the survey and empirical analysis, it concludes that the responsibility of trustees on subscriber education, infrastructure, strengthening management supervision for the subscriber education are needed to increase the effectiveness and satisfaction of subscriber education.

저소득층 지원에 따른 사적연금의 소득보장 및 재정부담 효과

강성호 ( Sungho Kang ),류건식 ( Keonshik Ryu ) 한국연금학회 2022 연금연구 Vol.12 No.1

본 연구에서는 취약계층이 사적연금에 가입할 경우 소득개선 효과와 보조금 지급 시 추가적인 노후소득 개선 및 재정지출 효과를 분석하였다. 분석결과, 퇴직연금과 개인연금에 대한 가입은 노후소득을 개선하여 소득계층을 이동시키는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 은퇴 전ㆍ후 '기초소득(가칭)'이 동일한 경우 사적연금 가입으로 1분위는 2.6%만큼, 2분위는 20.8%, 3분위는 13.7%, 4분위는 17.1% 정도 소득계층이 상향되는 것으로 추정되었다. 한편, 개인연금 가입 시 보조금을 제공할 경우 소득개선 및 재정지출 효과에 대해 분석한 결과, 국민연금에는 가입하고 있으나 개인연금에는 가입하지 못하였던 저소득층은 개인연금 가입으로 소득계층의 상향 이동이 나타나는 것으로 분석되었다. 재정지출 효과를 분석한 결과, 개인연금 미가입자 중 50%에게 매월 3만원을 보조할 경우 연간 1조 4,450억 원, 월 5만원 보조할 경우 연간 2조 4,080억 원, 월 10만원 보조할 경우 연간 4조 8,150억 원이 추가적으로 발생할 것으로 추정되었다. 또한 개인연금 미가입자 모두에게 보조금을 지급할 경우 재정지출은 보조금을 매월 3만원 제공할 경우 연간 2조 8,690억 원, 월 5만원 제공시 연간 4조 7,820억원, 월 10만원 제공시 연간 9조 5,640억 원이 추가적으로 발생할 것으로 추정되었다. 이러한 결과를 통해 볼 때 사적연금 활성화는 노후소득을 개선시킬 것으로 판단되며, 무엇보다 국민연금 가입을 전제로 할 경우, 저소득층에 대한 사적연금의 보조금 지급은 정당성을 확보할 것으로 기대된다. We analyzed that the private pensions will increase the retirement income and government expenditures, and government subsidy is utilized as the mediating role of increasing private pension in this study. We found that retirement and personal pensions were to be effective in improving retirement income. In other words, the private pension made move income class, as the first quintile was increased by 2.6%, and 20.8% were second quintile, third quintile was increased by 13.7%, and forth quintile was increased by 17.1%. On the other hand, we analyzed earnings improvement and financial effects of the subsidy in order to realize these effects. As a result, if low-income class who join the National Pension Scheme but not individual pension receive a subsidy, that will be making actively transmute income class. According to the effect of government expenditures, if non-participation party in private pension receive ₩ 30,000 per month for 50% of subjects the government expenditures was estimated 1 trillion and 445 billion and if ₩ 50,000, 2 trillion 408 billion, and if ₩ 100,000 per month, 4 trillion 815 billion won. As the same logic, if non-participation party in private pension receive ₩ 30,000 per month for 100% of subjects the government expenditures was estimated 2 trillion and 869 billion and if ₩ 50,000, 4 trillion 782 billion, and if ₩ 100,000 per month, 9 trillion 564 billion won. In conclusion, private pensions are expected to be very useful as means to increase retirement income, if the beneficiary is a priority to join the national pension, It will be able to ensure the legitimacy of private pension support.

‘전 지구적’ 세계체제로 본 세계사와 동아시아

강성호(Kang Sungho) 역사비평사 2008 역사비평 Vol.- No.82

A BIRA for Memories With an Optimal Repair Rate Using Spare Memories for Area Reduction

Wooheon Kang,Hyungjun Cho,Joohwan Lee,Sungho Kang IEEE 2014 IEEE transactions on very large scale integration Vol.22 No.11

<P>The test cost and yield improvement of embedded memories have become very important as memory capacity and density have grown. For embedded memories, built-in redundancy analysis (BIRA) is widely used to improve yield by replacing faulty cells with a 2-D redundancy architecture. However, the most important factor in BIRA is the reduction of hardware overhead while keeping optimal repair rate. Most BIRA approaches require extra hardware overhead in order to store and analyze faults in the memory. These approaches do not utilize spare memories during the redundancy analysis (RA) procedure. However, the proposed BIRA minimizes area overhead by utilizing a part of the spare memory as an address mapping table (AMT). Since storing the faulty memory addresses take most of the extra hardware overhead, the reduced logical addresses produced by the AMT are used to reduce the extra hardware overhead. In addition, the reduced addresses are stored in content-addressable memories (CAMs) and used in the RA procedure. The proposed BIRA can achieve an optimal repair rate by using an exhaustive search RA algorithm. The proposed RA algorithm compares the repair solution candidates with all the fault addresses stored in the proposed CAMs to guarantee an exhaustive search. The experimental results show that the proposed BIRA requires a smaller area overhead than that of the previous state-of-the-art BIRA with an optimal repair rate.</P>