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      • KCI등재

        Development of porous calcite structure from industrial waste for efficient adsorbent for protein

        Zubair Khalid,오재민 대한화학회 2023 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.44 No.7

        Porous adsorbent (PA) with high specific surface area and calcite surface was prepared from an industrial waste, electric arc furnace oxidizing slag (EOS). As the EOS is composed of silica and metal oxide nanoparticle like CaO, MgO, and so on, the metal oxide parts were selectively dissolved by acid treatment. The remained silica part exhibited porous structure due to the assembly of nanoparticles. Then, calcite was developed on the silica surface by simply titrating the silica framework with carbonate under basic condition. According to the x-ray diffraction pattern and scanning electron microscopy, we could hypothesize that the EOS had dense texture of amorphous nanoparticles. On the other hand, the PA had well-crystallized calcite particles with sufficient interparticle pores. The zeta potential of EOS shifted to positive region upon transformation to PA, possibly due to the change in surface-exposed moiety from silica to calcite. The albumin adsorption profiled exhibited that the PA had very high protein adsorption capacity up to 3.33mg-protein/mgadsorbent at 5 mg/L of protein concentration, while the EOS itself did not show meaningful adsorption.

      • Usability Evaluation of Mobile Banking Applications in Digital Business as Emerging Economy

        Hamid, Khalid,Iqbal, Muhammad Waseem,Muhammad, Hafiz Abdul Basit,Fuzail, Zubair,Ghafoor, Zahid Tabassum,Ahmad, Sana International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2022 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.22 No.2

        Mobile Banking Applications (MBAPs) is one of the recent fads in mobile trading applications (Apps). MBAPs permit users to execute exchanges of money and many more whenever it might suit them; however, the primary issue for mobile banking Apps is usability. Hardly any investigation analyzes usability issues dependent on user's age, gender, exchanging accomplices, or experience. The purpose of this study is to determine the degree of usability issues, and experience of mobile banking users. The survey employs a quantitative method and performs user experiment on 240 participants with six different tasks on the application's interface. The post experiment survey is done with concerning participants. On the other hand, banking experts and Information Technology (IT) expert's group is also involved after the experiment. Expert's opinions about existing mobile banking Apps and suggestions for improving usability of MBAPs are collected through physical means (like questionnaire and interview) and online means like Google form. After that comparison of the opinions of users and experts about MBAPs is performed. The experimentation measures the tasks usability of various mobile banking apps with respect to its effectiveness, efficiency, trustfulness, learnability, memorability and satisfaction. The usability testing was led at different Universities and the outcomes acquired show that there are privacy and trust issues with their mobile banking apps. There is also a gap between users and experts which should be minimized by applying customized usability models, modes concept like other application software and also by adding complete features of banking in MBAPs. It will benefit mobile banking apps users, developers and usability engineers by providing user-friendly which are up to the mark of user's requirements.

      • KCI등재

        Recent advances in the synthesis of layered double hydroxides nanosheets

        XIE JING,KHALID ZUBAIR,오제민 대한화학회 2023 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.44 No.2

        Layered double hydroxide (LDH) with characteristic two-dimensional structureand positive layer charge has attracted attention in a wide range of applica-tions in recent years. Although LDH with a layer-by-layer structure has highapplicability as a catalyst, adsorbent, drug reservoir, and so on, it has beensuggested that the single-layered LDH nanosheets not only enhance the per-formance but also expand the application in electrocatalyst, batteries, andsupercapacitors due to the increased active sites in nanosheets. In this review,we introduced state of the art in the synthesis of LDH nanosheets in terms ofsynthesis approaches, mechanisms, and properties of thus obtained LDHnanosheets. The synthesis approaches are primarily categorized into two parts,namely, top-down synthesis to delaminate bulk LDH and bottom-up synthesisto obtain single-layer LDH in limited space. In the first section, the exfoliationof LDH, which was realized by weakening the layer-by-layer stacking andby increasing the basal distance, was summarized mainly based on theswelling mechanism. In the second section, the bottom-up syntheses of LDHnanosheets through controlled crystal growth in confined space or restrictedsynthetic conditions are introduced.

      • Game Theoretic based Distributed Dynamic Power Allocation in Irregular Geometry Multicellular Network

        Safdar, Hashim,Ullah, Rahat,Khalid, Zubair International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2022 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.22 No.7

        The extensive growth in data rate demand by the smart gadgets and mobile broadband application services in wireless cellular networks. To achieve higher data rate demand which leads to aggressive frequency reuse to improve network capacity at the price of Inter Cell Interference (ICI). Fractional Frequency Reuse (FFR) has been recognized as an effective scheme to get a higher data rate and mitigate ICI for perfect geometry network scenarios. In, an irregular geometric multicellular network, ICI mitigation is a challenging issue. The purpose of this paper is to develop distributed dynamic power allocation scheme for FFR based on game theory to mitigate ICI. In the proposed scheme, each cell region in an irregular multicellular scenario adopts a self-less behavior instead of selfish behavior to improve the overall utility function. This proposed scheme improves the overall data rate and mitigates ICI.

      • KCI등재

        Association of Plasma Ghrelin Levels with Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among Saudi Subjects

        Ali Ahmed Al Qarni,Faris Elbahi Joatar,Nagalla Das,Mohamed Awad,Mona Eltayeb,Ahmed Gasim Al-Zubair,Muhalab E. Ali,Abdulaziz Al Masaud,Abdirashid M. Shire,Khalid Gumaa,Hayder A. Giha 대한내분비학회 2017 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.32 No.2

        Background: Although the exact mechanism of insulin resistance (IR) has not yet been established, IR is the hallmark characteristic of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between plasma ghrelin levels and IR in Saudi subjects with T2DM. Methods: Patients with T2DM (n=107, cases) and non-diabetic apparently healthy subjects (n=101, controls) from Saudi Arabia were included in this study. The biochemical profiles and plasma insulin levels of all subjects were analyzed, and IR was estimated using the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index. Active ghrelin levels in plasma were measured using the radioimmunoassay technique. Results: Only 46.7% (50 of 107) of the T2DM subjects had IR, including 26% (28 of 107) with severe IR (HOMA-IR ≥5), while 5.9% (six of 101) of the controls had moderate IR (3≤ HOMA-IR <5). HOMA-IR values were not associated with age, disease duration, or gender. Importantly, T2DM itself and the co-occurrence of IR with T2DM were significantly associated with low plasma ghrelin levels. However, ghrelin levels were inversely correlated with the HOMA-IR index, body weight, and fasting plasma insulin levels, mainly in the control subjects, which was indicative of the breakdown of metabolic homeostasis in T2DM. Conclusion: The prevalence of IR was relatively low, and IR may be inversely associated with plasma ghrelin levels among Saudi patients with T2DM.

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