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R. Pandey,S.H. Cho,D.K. Hwang,W.K. Choi 한국물리학회 2014 Current Applied Physics Vol.14 No.6
Transparent and conductive thin films of fluorine doped zinc tin oxide (FZTO) were deposited on glass substrates by radio-frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering using a 30 wt% ZnO with 70 wt% SnO2 ceramic targets. The F-doping was carried out by introducing a mixed gas of pure Ar, CF4, and O2 forming gas into the sputtering chamber while sputtering ZTO target. The effect of annealing temperature on the structural, electrical and optical performances of FZTO thin films has been studied. FZTO thin film annealed at 600 C shows the decrease in resistivity 5.47 103 U cm, carrier concentration w1019 cm3, mobility w20 cm2 V1 s1 and an increase in optical band gap from 3.41 to 3.60 eV with increasing the annealing temperatures which is well explained by BursteineMoss effect. The optical transmittance of FZTO films was higher than 80% in all specimens. Work function (f) of the FZTO films increase from 3.80 eV to 4.10 eV through annealing and are largely dependent on the amounts of incorporated F. FZTO is a possible potential transparent conducting oxide (TCO) alternative for application in optoelectronics.
Bio-inspired deposition of silver nano-particles (AgNPs) on silicon substrate
Pandey, J.K.,Lee, H.T.,Kim, C.S.,Ahn, S.H. North-Holland 2014 Materials letters Vol.116 No.-
Mimicking the designs from biological structures has been one of the most fascinating area of research due to their outstanding construction strategies to balance the performance and structure as per the demand of circumstances. In the present work, deposition of AgNPs on silicon substrate was carried out at room temperature by spraying nanoparticle (<100nm) at supersonic velocity through mimicking the sea shell structure of phylum Mollusca. The nano-layers of AgNPs were fabricated and characterized by assembling the Focused Ion Beam (FIB) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Morphological analysis revealed that nanoparticles were deposited in resemblance of architecture of natural shell showing randomly oriented particles on the surface.
Pandey, S.K.,Kim, K.H. Academic Press 2011 Ecotoxicology and environmental safety Vol.74 No.3
In an effort to identify and quantify important volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from sports beverage containers commonly used for storage and distribution, three brands of sports beverages with poly ethylene terephthalate (PET) and metal cans were analyzed through headspace-solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). Out of 80 volatile compounds identified from all container types, I-limonene recorded the highest concentration (34.3-118pmolmol<SUP>-1</SUP>) along with 12 other VOCs detected most frequently (more than 3 out of all 6 products) such as 2-methyl-6-methylene-2,7-octadiene, alpha-terpineol, decanaldehyde, and p-isopropyltoluene. When each container was filled up with water and analyzed after a long-term storage (49 days), a total of 14 VOCs were detected. According to our analysis, all the VOCs detected from either beverage or container materials were below the safety limits prescribed previously by diverse agencies. However, an extension of these analyses may be necessary for other beverage types, as certain VOCs can be migrated from container materials.
Human body-odor components and their determination
Pandey, S.K.,Kim, K.H. Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2011 Trends in analytical chemistry Vol.30 No.5
We review methodological approaches commonly employed for the determination of human-body-odor (BO) components. As a first step, we evaluate the common types of BO and the sampling and/or preconcentration strategies for them. We also emphasize the potential for odor components as a health-diagnosis tool. We critically evaluate gas chromatography-based detection methods in terms of their feasibility for human-BO monitoring. We also discuss recently developed on-line detection methods, especially sensor-based techniques to assess their potential in the determination of odorant components released by the human body. Finally, we highlight the limitations and the future prospects for investigation of human BO.
Evaluation of Genetic Variability in Kenkatha Cattle by Microsatellite Markers
Pandey, A.K.,Sharma, Rekha,Singh, Yatender,Prakash, B.,Ahlawat, S.P.S. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.12
Kenkatha cattle, a draft purpose breed, which can survive in a harsh environment on low quality forage, was explored genetically exploiting FAO-suggested microsatellite markers. The microsatellite genotypes were derived by means of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by electrophoretic separation in agarose gels. The PCR amplicons were visualized by silver staining. The allelic as well as genotypic frequencies, heterozygosities and gene diversity were estimated using standard techniques. A total of 125 alleles was distinguished by the 21 microsatellite markers investigated. All the microsatellites were highly polymorphic with mean allelic number of 5.95${\pm}$1.9 (ranging from 3-10 per locus). The observed heterozygosity in the population ranged between 0.250 and 0.826 with a mean of 0.540${\pm}$0.171, signifying considerable genetic variation. Bottleneck was examined assuming all three mutation models which showed that the population has not experienced bottleneck in recent past. The population displayed a heterozygote deficit of 21.4%. The study suggests that the breed needs to be conserved by providing purebred animals in the breeding tract.
Microsatellite Analysis of Three Poultry Breeds of India
Pandey, A.K.,Tantia, M.S.,Kumar, Dinesh,Mishra, Bina,Chaudhary, Preeti,Vijh, R.K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2002 Animal Bioscience Vol.15 No.11
The genetic variability of three poultry breeds namely Aseel, Miri and Nicobari taken from different geographical locations of India were evaluated using 15 microsatellite loci. No. of alleles varied from 3 to 9 in Aseel, 3 to 8 in Miri and 2 to 7 in Nicobari. Mean PIC values in Aseel, Miri and Nicobari breeds were 0.64, 0.66 and 0.63, respectively. Average unbiased heterozygosity and direct count heterozygosity were 0.65 and 0.59, 0.68 and 0.61, and 0.64 and 0.57 in Aseel, Miri and Nicobari breeds, respectively. High heterozygosity values revealed in this study are indicative of low level of inbreeding, large population size and no or low selection pressure for commercial trait in all three populations. The estimate of genetic distances using Nei's standard, Nei's minimum and Reynold's distance revealed Aseel and Nicobari to be more closely related than Miri breed of poultry.
Stellar contents and star formation in the young star cluster Be 59
Pandey, A. K.,Sharma, Saurabh,Ogura, K.,Ojha, D. K.,Chen, W. P.,Bhatt, B. C.,Ghosh, S. K. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2008 Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Vol.383 No.3
<P>ABSTRACT</P><P>We present <I>UBV I</I><SUB><I>c</I></SUB> CCD photometry of the young open cluster Be 59 with the aim to study the star formation scenario in the cluster. The radial extent of the cluster is found to be ∼10 arcmin (2.9 pc). The interstellar extinction in the cluster region varies between <I>E</I>(<I>B</I>−<I>V</I>) ≃ 1.4 to 1.8 mag. The ratio of total-to-selective extinction in the cluster region is estimated as 3.7 ± 0.3. The distance of the cluster is found to be 1.00 ± 0.05 kpc. Using near-infrared (NIR) colours and slitless spectroscopy, we have identified young stellar objects (YSOs) in the open cluster Be 59 region. The ages of these YSOs range between <1 and ∼2 Myr, whereas the mean age of the massive stars in the cluster region is found to be ∼2 Myr. There is evidence for second-generation star formation outside the boundary of the cluster, which may be triggered by massive stars in the cluster. The slope of the initial mass function, Γ, in the mass range 2.5 < <I>M</I>/M<SUB>⊙</SUB>≤ 28 is found to be −1.01 ± 0.11 which is shallower than the Salpeter value (−1.35), whereas in the mass range 1.5 < <I>M</I>/M<SUB>⊙</SUB>≤ 2.5 the slope is almost flat. The slope of the <I>K</I>-band luminosity function is estimated as 0.27 ± 0.02, which is smaller than the average value (∼0.4) reported for young embedded clusters. Approximately 32 per cent of Hα emission stars of Be 59 exhibit NIR excess indicating that inner discs of the T Tauri star (TTS) population have not dissipated. The Midcourse Space Experiment (MSX) and <I>IRAS-HIRES</I> images around the cluster region are also used to study the emission from unidentified infrared bands and to estimate the spatial distribution of optical depth of warm and cold interstellar dust.</P>
A review of techniques for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in air
Pandey, S.K.,Kim, K.H.,Brown, R.J.C. Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2011 Trends in analytical chemistry Vol.30 No.11
We provide an extensive review of the common methodologies employed in the analysis of airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The review focuses on gas-chromatography-based approaches, in the light of their universal application with excellent separation, resolution, and sensitivity. We first describe collection methods for airborne PAHs in the gas and particle phases. We then evaluate the efficiency of extraction techniques employed for separating target PAHs from sampling media, using conventional solvent-based and emerging thermal-desorption approaches. We also describe commonly employed analytical methods with respect to their applicability to PAHs in gas and particle phases, collected from diverse environmental settings. As an essential part of basic quality assurance, we examine each method with special emphasis on key parameters (e.g., limit of detection and reproducibility). Finally, we address the likely directions of methodological developments, their limitations, and the future prospects for PAH analysis.