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RISS 인기검색어
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- 저자 : K. P. Karunakaran (검색결과 3 건)
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Senthilkumar P.,Vinoth K.,Maria Sylvester M.,Karunakaran D.J.S.Anand,Deshmukh Avadhut Ramrao,Hudge Pravin,Ganesh T.,Kumbharkhane A.C. 한국물리학회 2022 Current Applied Physics Vol.38 No.-
The dielectric behavior of stearic acid in 1,4-dioxane medium at various temperature 303 K–288 K and frequency regime (10 MHz–30 GHz) determined from the complex dielectric permittivity spectra obtained by Time Domain Reflectometry(TDR). In this frequency range, the dielectric study gives the electrostatic interaction as well as orientational polarizability of complex mixtures of long chain molecules significantly. Dielectric parameters were calculated from the complex spectra of the binary mixture by non linear least square fit method. The excess permittivity (εE), correlation factors were calculated for the binary system. Thermal parameters(ΔH-enthalpy, ΔS-entropy and ΔG-Gibbs free energy) were calculated and the direction of reaction is determined. The FTIR spectrum of the binary system recorded and the assignments are discussed. The FTIR spectral assignments confirm the molecular interactions.
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Govindan, M.,Karunakaran, K.,Nallasamy, P.,Moon, I.S. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2015 Talanta Vol.132 No.-
This work describes the quantitative analysis of (NH<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>CO<SUB>3</SUB> and NH<SUB>4</SUB>HCO<SUB>3</SUB> using a simple solution phase titration method. Back titration results at various (NH<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>CO<SUB>3</SUB>-NH<SUB>4</SUB>HCO<SUB>3</SUB> ratios demonstrated that 6:4 ratio caused a 3% error in their differentiation, but very high errors were found at other ratios. A similar trend was observed for the double indicator method, especially when strong acid HCl was used as a titrant, where still less errors (2.5%) at a middle ratio of (NH<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>CO<SUB>3</SUB>-NH<SUB>4</SUB>HCO<SUB>3</SUB> was found. Remaining ratios with low (NH<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>CO<SUB>3</SUB> (2:8, 4:6) show high +ve error (found concentration is less) and high (NH<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>CO<SUB>3</SUB> (7:3, 8:2, and 9:1) show high -ve error (found concentration is higher) and vice versa for NH<SUB>4</SUB>HCO<SUB>3</SUB>. In replacement titration using Na<SUB>2</SUB>SO<SUB>4</SUB>, at both higher end ratios of (NH<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>CO<SUB>3</SUB>-NH<SUB>4</SUB>HCO<SUB>3</SUB> (2:8 and 9:1), both -ve and +ve errors were minimized to 75% by partial equilibrium arrest between (NH<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>CO<SUB>3</SUB> and NH<SUB>2</SUB>COONH<SUB>4</SUB>, instead of more than 100% observed in back titration and only double indicator methods. In the presence of (NH<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>SO<SUB>4</SUB> both -ve and +ve error% are completely reduced to 3+/-1 at ratios 2:8, 4:6, and 6:4 of (NH<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>CO<SUB>3</SUB>-NH<SUB>4</SUB>HCO<SUB>3</SUB>, which demonstrates that the equilibrium transformation between NH<SUB>2</SUB>COONH<SUB>4</SUB> and (NH<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>CO<SUB>3</SUB> is completely controlled. The titration conducted at lower temperature (5<SUP>o</SUP>C) in the presence of (NH<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>SO<SUB>4</SUB> at higher ratios of (NH<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>CO<SUB>3</SUB>-NH<SUB>4</SUB>HCO<SUB>3</SUB> (7:3, 8:2,and 9:1) shows complete minimization of both -ve and +ve errors to 2+/-1%, which explains the complete arresting of equilibrium transformation. Finally, the developed method shows 2+/-1% error in differentiation of CO<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>2-</SUP> and HCO<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>-</SUP> in the regeneration process of NaHCO<SUB>3</SUB> from crude desulfurized sample. The developed method is more promising to differentiate CO<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>2-</SUP> and HCO<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>-</SUP> in industrial applications.
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Comparative Study of Rapid Ice Investment Casting Vs Rapid Casting Processes of Aluminium Alloy
Rajendra Hodgir,Yash Gopal Mittal,Pushkar Kamble,Gopal Gote,Yogesh Patil,Ashik Kumar Patel,K. P. Karunakaran 한국정밀공학회 2023 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.24 No.5
Rapid casting (RC) is a phrase that refers to a specific casting process technique that reduces total production lead time. The technique for achieving it is Additive Manufacturing (AM) or Rapid Prototyping (RP). AM techniques were employed for RC to create complex shapes and sand a 3D mould from a CAD model. This article aimed to examine the performance of Rapid Ice Investment Casting (RIIC) compared with other RC processes such as Direct Wax Investment Casting (Direct Wax IC), Lost Foam Casting (LFC), Lost PLA Casting (LPC), and Rapid Sand Casting (RSC). This investigation examines the part which has various geometric features. Each casting route's procedure is described in detail; pattern development, slurry preparation and mould making. Comparison of RIIC with other RC processes is studied based on the cast specimen's dimensional accuracy and surface finish. According to the findings, RIIC is preferable in terms of smooth surface finish, whereas Direct Wax IC and LFC are superior in dimensional accuracy. The article also addresses, the shortcomings of RIIC are discussed in this article, as well as proposed methods to overcome them.
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