http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Cheon, Kyeong-Jun,Cho, Seoung-Won,Jang, Won-Seok,Kim, Ju-Won,Yang, Byoung-Eun Korean Association of Maxillofacial Plastic and Re 2020 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.42 No.-
Background: Various types of miniplates have been developed and used for the reduction of facial bone fractures. We introduced Yang's Keyhole (YK) plate, and reported on its short-term stability. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term stability of the YK plate, as a follow-up study, by examining the patients who had used the YK plate among the patients with the reduction of mandible fractures and who visited for plate removal. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 16 patients who underwent mandibular fracture fixation using a YK plate (group I) and 17 patients who underwent mandibular fracture fixation using a conventional plate (group II). Assessment was then made on malunion, occlusal stability, discomfort during the application, and clinical symptoms. Results: From January 2015 to December 2017, a total of 36 patients underwent mandibular fracture surgery using a YK plate. A total of 16 patients received plate removal. Among them, 15 were male and 1 female. The average age was 26 years. The applied surgical sites were the 12 on mandibular angle, 4 on mandibular symphysis, and 2 on subcondyle. The application period of YK plate was an average of 335 days. During the same period, 45 people underwent surgery on the conventional plate. A total of 17 patients received plate removal. Among them, 15 were male and 2 females. The average age was 36 years. The applied surgical sites were the 8 on mandibular angle, 4 on mandibular symphysis, and 2 on subcondyle. The application period of the conventional plate was an average of 349 days. No malocclusion occurred at the time of removal, and occlusion was stable. No patient complained of joint disease or discomfort. Conclusion: The YK plate system, in which the screw was first inserted and the plate was applied, for clinical convenience did not cause any particular problem and no significant difference from the conventional plate.
박양병(Yang Byung Park),장원준(Won Jun Jang),박해수(Hae Soo Park) 한국산업경영시스템학회 2011 한국산업경영시스템학회지 Vol.34 No.4
The operation of vending machine system presents a decision-making problem which consists of determining the product allocation to vending-machine storage compartments, replenishment intervals of vending machines, and vehicle routes, all of which have critical effects on system profit. Especially, it becomes more difficult to determine the operation variables optimally when demand for a product that is out-of-stock spills over to another product or is lost. In this paper, we propose a heuristic for solving the operation problem of the vending machine system and evaluate it by comparing with Yang’s algorithm on various test problems with respect to system profit via a computer simulation. The results of computational experiments show a substantial profit increase of the proposed heuristic over Yang’s algorithm. Sensitivity analysis indicates that some input variables impact the profit increase significantly.
MMP-1 and TIMP-1 production in MG-63 cells stimulated with Prevotella nigrescens Lipopolysaccharide
Yang, Won-Kyung,Kim, Mi-Ri,Shon, Won-Jun,Lee, In-Bog,Cho, Byeong-Hoon,Um, Chung-Moon,Son, Ho-Hyun 大韓齒科保存學會 2004 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.29 No.5
The purpose of this study is to monitor the secretion of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) produced by human osteosarcoma cell line (MG63) stimulated with Prevotella nigrescens lipopolysaccharides (LPS). and to compare the level of secretion before and after the treatment of calcium hydroxide on P. nigrescens LPS. LPS was extracted and purified from anaerobically cultured P. nigrescens. MG63 cells were stimulated by the LPS (0, 1, 10㎍/ml) or LPS(10㎍/ml) pretreated with 12.5 mg/ml of Ca(OH)₂ for 3 days. Total RNA was isolated from the cell. and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed for quantification of MMP-1 and TIMP-1. The results were as follows. 1. MMP-1 mRNA expression at 48 hr was highly increased by stimulation with P. nigrescens LPS. The increase was dose-dependent. 2. When stimulated with 1㎍/ml of LPS. TIMP-1 mRNA expression was highly increased at 24 hr and 48 hr. However. TIMP-1 expression was suppressed at higher concentration (10 ㎍/ml). 3. When P. nigrescens LPS was pretreated with Ca(OH)₂, MMP-1 and TIMP-1 gene expression was downregulated. The results of this study suggest that transcriptional regulation of MMP-1 and TIMP-1 by P. nigrescens LPS could be one of the important mechanisms in bone resorption of periapical inflammation. The result of calcium hydroxide on MMP-1 and TIMP-1 gene expression suppression shows that calcium hydroxide detoxified bacterial LPS and thus should be used the medication of choice for intracanal dressings in root canal infected with black-pigmented bacteria. 본 연구의 목적은 Prevotella nigrescens lipopolysaccharides (LPS)로 자극된 MG63 osteosarcoma 세포에서 생성, 분비되는 기질금속단백효소인 MMP-1과 그 억제제인 TIMP-1을 측정할 뿐아니라 수산화칼슘으로 처리한 P. nigrescens LPS에 의한 기질금속단백효소와 그 억제제의 분비수준의 변화를 알아보는데 있다. 혐기성 조건에서 배양한 P. nigrescens로부터 LPS를 추출하여 순수정제한 다음 0, 1 그리고 10㎍/ml의 LPS 농도로 MG63 세포를 자극하거나 또는 수산화칼슘으로 처리한 10㎍/ml의 LPS로 세포를 다양한 자극하여 다양한 시간이 경과한 다음 세포로부터 분비되는 MMP-1과 TIMP-1의 RNA 수준을 real time-PCR 방법으로 측정하였다. 실험결과 MMP-1의 mRNA수준은 48시간에서 최고에 달하였고 그 분비정도는 LPS의 농도에 비례하였다. TIMP-1 mRNA는 1㎍/ml의 세균성 LPS 자극시 24시간 및 48시간에서 높은 증가를 보였으나 고농도인 10㎍/ml의 LPS로 자극한 경우 오히려 그 발현이 억제되었다. 또한 수산화칼슘으로 전처리한 P. nigrescens LPS로 자극한 MG 63 세포에서는 MMP-1과 TIMP-1의 분비가 억제되었다. 이러한 결과를 통해 볼 때 P. nigrescens LPS에 의한 MMP-1과 TIMP-1의 발현조절이 치근단 질환에서 발생하는 치조골 흡수 기전중 하나로 사료된다. 뿐만 아니라 P. nigrescens에 의해 분비되는 기질금속단백효소를 매개로 하는 염증반응 감소에 수산화칼슘이 효과적으로 작용하는것으로 확인되어 치근단 질환에 관여하는 세균성 LPS를 제거하기 위해 임상적으로 사용되는 근거가 될 수 있다.
Yang, Go Eun,Tae, Hyun-Jin,Lee, Tae-Kyeong,Park, Young Eun,Cho, Jeong Hwi,Kim, Dae Won,Park, Joon Ha,Ahn, Ji Hyeon,Ryoo, Sungwoo,Kim, Young-Myeong,Shin, Myoung Cheol,Cho, Jun Hwi,Lee, Choong-Hyun,Hwan MDPI AG 2019 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.20 No.18
<P>Compelling evidence from preclinical and clinical studies has shown that mild hypothermia is neuroprotective against ischemic stroke. We investigated the neuroprotective effect of post-risperidone (RIS) treatment against transient ischemic injury and its mechanisms in the gerbil brain. Transient ischemia (TI) was induced in the telencephalon by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) for 5 min under normothermic condition (37 ± 0.2 °C). Treatment of RIS induced hypothermia until 12 h after TI in the TI-induced animals under uncontrolled body temperature (UBT) compared to that under controlled body temperature (CBT) (about 37 °C). Neuroprotective effect was statistically significant when we used 5 and 10 mg/kg doses (p < 0.05, respectively). In the RIS-treated TI group, many CA1 pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus survived under UBT compared to those under CBT. In this group under UBT, post-treatment with RIS to TI-induced animals markedly attenuated the activation of glial cells, an increase of oxidative stress markers [dihydroethidium, 8-hydroxy-2′ -deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and 4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE)], and a decrease of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) in their CA1 pyramidal neurons. Furthermore, RIS-induced hypothermia was significantly interrupted by NBOH-2C-CN hydrochloride (a selective 5-HT2A receptor agonist), but not bromocriptine mesylate (a D2 receptor agonist). Our findings indicate that RIS-induced hypothermia can effectively protect neuronal cell death from TI injury through attenuation of glial activation and maintenance of antioxidants, showing that 5-HT2A receptor is involved in RIS-induced hypothermia. Therefore, RIS could be introduced to reduce body temperature rapidly and might be applied to patients for hypothermic therapy following ischemic stroke.</P>
Yang, Jaewon,Bahk, Won-Myong,Cho, Hyun-Sang,Jeon, Yang-Whan,Jon, Duk-In,Jung, Hee-Yeon,Kim, Chan-Hyung,Kim, Hee-Cheol,Kim, Yong-Ku,Kim, Young-Hoon,Kwon, Jun-Soo,Lee, Sang-Yeol,Lee, Seung-Hwan,Yi, Jung Lippincott Williams Wilkins, Inc. 2010 Clinical neuropharmacology Vol.33 No.4
OBJECTIVES:: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of blonanserin for the treatment of Korean patients with schizophrenia using a double-blind risperidone-compared design. METHODS:: Patients aged 18 to 65 years with schizophrenia were randomly assigned to blonanserin or risperidone treatment for 8 weeks. The efficacy was assessed using the mean change in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale score total scores from baseline to week 8. Safety assessments included monitoring of vital signs, a physical examination, laboratory tests, and adverse events. RESULTS:: Of 206 randomly enrolled patients, 103 receiving blonanserin and 103 receiving risperidone were included in the analysis. In this study, noninferiority between blonanserin and risperidone was demonstrated. The mean change in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale total score at the final evaluation time point was −23.48 ± 19.73 for the blonanserin group and −25.40 ± 18.38 for the risperidone group. Adverse events, which occurred less frequently in the blonanserin than in the risperidone group, included dysarthria (P = 0.0288), dizziness (P = 0.0139), increased alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase (P = 0.0095 and P = 0.0032, respectively), and increased level blood prolactin (P = 0.0012). On the other hand, the adverse events that occurred more frequently in the blonanserin than in the risperidone group was hand tremor (P = 0.0006). CONCLUSIONS:: Blonanserin was effective in the treatment of Korean patients with schizophrenia compared with risperidone and was more tolerable with a better safety profile, particularly with respect to prolactin elevation. These findings suggest that blonanserin is useful in the treatment of schizophrenia.