점박이응애 야외개체군의 살비제 저항성 모니터링

Jum Rae Cho,Young Joon Kim,Young Joon Ahn,Jai Ki Yoo,Jeong Oon Lee 한국응용곤충학회 1995 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.34 No.1

전국 8개 지역별 각 사과원에서 채집된 점박이응애(Tetranychus urticae Koch)에 대한 저항성 정도를 일본 감수성 계통과 비교한 결과 지역별 현저한 감수성 차이를 보였다. Azocyclotin, fenpropathrin, propargite 및 abamectin에 대해서는 낮거나 중간 정도의 저항성을, dicofol, fenpyroximate 및 pyridaben에 대해서는 높은 저항성을 나타내었다. 이들 계통은 한종 또는 두종 이상의 약제에 대해 감수성을 보여 특정 지역에 대해서는 적당한 살비제의 선택적 이용으로 점박이응애를 효과적으로 방제할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. Eight field-collected populations of the two-spotted spider mites, Tetranychus urticae (Koch) from apple orchards of different geographical areas were tested for resistance to seven acaricides by leaf disk method in comparison with a susceptible strain. Marked regional variations of susceptibility were observed. Only low to moderate resistance to azocyclotin, fenpropathrin, propargite, and abamectin was obtained. However, high resistance to dicofol, fenpyroxymate, and pyridaen by eight field-collected populations was produced. Resistance to dicofol and fenpyroxymate was widespread. All of the strains tested were susceptible to one or more o the acaricides used. These results indicate that careful selection of the chemical used against any population of the two-spotted spider mite might result in satisfactory control.

Effect of the Juvenile Hormone Analog, Fenoxycarb onTermination of Reproductive Diapause in Scotinophara lurida(Burmeister) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

Jum Rae Cho,이민호,김홍선,부경생 한국응용곤충학회 2007 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.10 No.2

This study was carried out to investigate a role of the juvenile hormone analog, fenoxycarb (FC) in terminating the reproductive diapause in the black rice bug, Scotinophara lurida (Burmeister) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). FC-treated adults collected at different dates developed their ovaries sooner than untreated ones. Topical application of FC accelerated diapause termination of field-collected S. lurida in which FC- treated adults exhibited early oviposition. In FC- treated males, development of their accessory glands and testes accelerated appeared to be prompted. These results suggest that various physiological overwintering traits related to diapause in this species may in part be under gonadotrophic endocrine control.

Sex pheromone composition of the rice green caterpillar Naranga aenescens and its field test in Korea

Jum Rae Cho,Ki Hong Yum,Hong Hyun Park,Minho Lee,Jin Kyo Jung 한국응용곤충학회 2008 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.05

This study was carried out to investigate the optimum composition of sex pheromone of the rice green caterpillar Naranga aenescens and its efficacy was examined in a paddy field. The mating rate of N. aenescens tended to be increased with age, showing the highest rate of mating at age 2. The highest mating showed within 1 h after the scotophase, and also mating took place even during the photophase. A GC-EAD analysis of virgin female extracts showed two EAG-active components. Their chromatographic behavior was coincident with that of an authentic sample of Z9-14:Ac and Z11-16:Ac, respectively. The mass spectrum of two EAG-active components was almost identical to that of the authentic samples. The EAG response to two compounds, Z9-14:Ac and Z11-16:Ac, was significantly dose-dependent, but response to Z9-16:Ac was not dose-dependent. A 2: 1: 4 mixture of Z9-14:Ac, Z9-16:Ac, and Z11-16:Ac was the most effective composition for attracting N. aenescens. The male moths increased in proportion to the pheromone amount impregnated. The sticky-typed wing trap baited with sex pheromone captured significantly more males than the other two type of trap examined. Trap catches within a paddy field were much more than those in perimeter trap. The trap-baited with sex pheromone gave three or four distinct fluctuation peaks of male catches throughout the flight seasons.

Development of Sex Pheromone Trap for Monitoring Matsumuraeses falcana (Walshingham) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Jum Rae Cho,Kyung San Choi,정진교,Jong Ho Park,Bo Yoon Seo 한국응용곤충학회 2007 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.10 No.4

This study was carried out to find out an effective formulation for monitoring the soybean podborer, Matsumuraeses falcana (Walshingham), using its sex pheromone in Korea. A 1 : 1 : 1 mixture of (E)- 8-dodecenyl acetate (E8-12:Ac), (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate (E8E10-12:Ac) and (E,Z)-7,9-dodecadienyl acetate (E7Z9-12:Ac) was an effective composition in monitoring M. falcana. A binary mixture of E8-12:Ac and E8E10-12:Ac was essential to attract M. falcana male moths. E7Z9-12:Ac showed a synergistic effect on the attractiveness of 1 : 1 mixture of E8-12:Ac and E8E10-12:Ac. These chemicals alone showed little or no attractiveness to M. falcana. The sticky-typed wing trap baited with sex pheromone captured significantly more males than the water-pan trap. Trap catches within a soybean field were much more than those in perimeter trap. The trap-baited with sex pheromone gave a distinct fluctuation pattern of male catches throughout the flight seasons. Therefore, it can be expected that pheromone-baited trap provides a simple tool for monitoring the soybean podborer, M. falcana in Korea.

Effect of photoperiod and temperature on reproductive diapause of Scotinopharalurida (Burmeister) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

Jum Rae Cho,이민호,김홍선,부경생 한국응용곤충학회 2008 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.11 No.2

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of photoperiod and temperature on induction and termination of reproductive diapause in the black rice bug, Scotinophara lurida (Burmeister). Newly ecdysed fourth-instar nymphs and emerged adults of S. lurida adults did not enter reproductive diapause when reared at 30 °C in any photoperiod used. However, they exhibited the threshold photoperiod between 9 and 10 h at 25 °C and between 12 and 16 h at 20 °C adults overwinter in a state of reproductive diapause induced by short photoperiod and/or low temperature.

Cold Hardiness of Diapausing Rice Stem Borer, Chilo suppressalis Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Cho Jum Rae,Lee Jeong Seok,Kim Jeong Jun,Lee Minho,Kim Hong Sun,Boo Kyung Saeng Korean Society of Applied Entomology 2005 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.8 No.2

This study was carried out to investigate the supercooling point (SCP), cold hardiness, and content of glycerol in the rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis, larvae field-collected at different dates to understand the relationship between diapause and cold hardiness. Field-collected C. suppressalis larvae became cold-hardy from late autumn and higher level of survival was maintained from October to April. Lab-reared C. suppressalis larvae pre-treated at $0^{\circ}C$ for 1 h or 2 h enhanced their survival to low temperature $(-10^{\circ}C)$. The SCP of C. suppressalis larvae changed seasonally, with dramatic decrease toward February and then drastic increase again from March onwards. The osmolality and protein content of field-collected C. suppressalis larvae showed. their peak in January, and then dramatically decclined afterwards. Overwintering C. suppressalis larvae have the ability to accumulate glycerol. Higher osmolality may be closely linked to lower SCP. This lower SCP probably develops a high level of cold hardiness during diapause development. The thermal hysteresis activity of C. suppressalis larva field-collected increased gradually to $12.7{\pm}1.6^{\circ}C$ in January, and then gradually declined afterwards. It can be recognized that field-collected C. suppressalis larvae have the thermal hysteresis proteins. Diapause- induced. C. suppressalis larvae (kept at $15^{\circ}C$ under a photoperiod of 10L: 14D h) enhanced a significantly higher survival and osmolality. In diapause-destined C. suppressalis, therefore, increased cold tolerance can be linked to the diapausing state itself.

Resistance Monitoring and Enzyme Activity in Field-collected Populations of the Spiraea Aphid, Aphis citricola van der Goot

Cho, Jum-Rae,Kim, Young-Joon,Yoo, Jai-Ki,Lee, Jeang-Oon,Hong, Ki-Jeong,Ahn, Young-Joon Korean Society of Applied Entomology 1999 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.2 No.2

Susceptibility of the spiraea aphid (Aphis citricola van der Goot) to several classes of insecticides revealed regional variation. Four field-collected A. citricola populations have developed resistance to several classes of insecticides, including pyrethroids, organophosphates, and carbamates. Of the 15 insecticides tested four insecticides (deltamethrin, clopyrifos, omethoate and carbaryl) showed the relative resistance ratio (RRR) values of 10 or above, against four field-collected populations, whereas the other 11 insecticides had RRR values above 2. There were no significant differences in esterase activities among the field-collected populations. Esterase activity was generally homogeneous in the Yeasan-collected population, but was more heterogeneous in the populations collected from Andong, Kunwi and Suwon. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity in the Andong-and Yeasan-collected populations was higher than that in the other populations. More heterogeneous pattern of esterase activity and higher activity of GST in field populations of A. citricola would be due to multiple resistance mechanism. Fortunately, the levels of resistance in four field-collected populations examined are still increasing. Therefore, careful selective use of insecticides through both continued resistance monitoring and resistance mechanism study can be warranted to extend the effective life of insecticides for controlling A. citricola that was already resistant to various insecticides.

Toxicity of Insecticides and Metabolism of Deltamethrin in Helicoverpa assulta Guenee and Spodoptera litura Fabricius

Cho, Jum-Rae,Kim, Young-Joon,Yoo, Jai-Ki,Kim, Hong-Sun,Lee, Jeang-Oon Korean Society of Applied Entomology 1999 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.2 No.1

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of synergists on toxicity of deltamethrin and to investigate the pharmacokinetics of deltamethrin in Helicoverpa assulta Guenee and spodoptera litura Fabricius. Susceptibilities of H. assulta and Haman-collected S. litura to 7 insecticides revealed different responses between the 2 species. The different susceptibility of the 2 species to deltamethrin was correlated with the differences in the penetration and metabolism. Larvae of H. assulta pretreated with synergists (piperonyl butoxide (PB), S-benzyl-O, O-diisopropyl phosphorothioate (IBP), and diethyl maleate (DM)) were more sensitive to deltamethrin, with the highest synergism ratio (SR=6.8) being observed with PB. Significant differences in synergism among synergists were not observed. For S. litura, the highest SR(=8.8) was observed with PB. At all time periods, the penetration of ${14}^{C}$-deltamethrin was relatively faster to S. litura than to H.assulta. Time (hrs) required for 20% (${t}_{20}$) of the applied doses to be excreted from treated S. litura was 1.5-fold faster than that of H. assulta. Higher synergism and longer retention in larval body of S. litura by the addition of PB suggest that the mixed function oxidase be a major factor in detoxification of deltamethrin. The combined use of PB with deltamethrin, and possibly other pyrethroids, might indicate a potential for controlling field populations resistant to deltamethrin and other pyrethroids.

스크리닝체제 확립을 위한 점박이응애에 대한 몇가지 살비제의 약효비교

Jum Rae Cho,Young Ho Choi,No Joong Park,Kwang Yun Cho 한국응용곤충학회 1993 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.32 No.2

점박이응애에 대한 몇가지 살비제들의 각 발육단계에 다른 살란.성충효과를 조사하였다. fenpyroximate는 발육 전단계에 걸쳐 높은 효과를 보였다. Fenpyroximate 의 산란억제효과는 cyhexatin보다 훨씬 좋았다. 100ppm 농도 수준에서 약제잔효로 인한 산란억제효과는 fenpyroximate경우 85% 수준으로 25일동안 지속한 반면 cyhexatin의 효과는 점차 감소하여 처리 25일 후 40% 정도 감소했다. 또한 100ppm 농도 수준에서 fenpyroximate의 속효성은 3시간만에 100%의 살성충력을 보였지만 cyhexatin은 24시간이 지난 후에도 91%정도의 살성충력을 보여주었다. 공시된 대부분의 살비제가 침투이행성을 보여주지 않았지만 metasystox는 800ppm 농도 수준에서 처리 후 24시간에 100% 살성충효과를 나타냈다. 각기 다른 온도에 대하여 fenpyroximate는 다른 살비제와 비교했을 때 안정된 약효를 보였다. The comparative toxicities of selected acaricides against the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, were investigated. The ovicidal and adulticidal activities of selected acaricides were examined under different developmental stages. Fenpyroximate showed high activity throughout all developmental stages of mites. The oviposition inhibition effect of fenpyroximate was more highly effective than that of cyhexatin. At 100 ppm concentration, the effect of fenpyroximate on the residual oviposition inhibition was persistant during 25 days with 85% level, while the effect of cyhexatin gradually decreased, and then decreased to 40% at 25 days after treatment. Fenpyroximate at 100 ppm showed 100% knockdown activity within 3 hour while cyhexatin showed only 91% knockdown activity within 24 hours after treatment. Most of selected acaricides had no systemic activity, but metasystox at 800 ppm had 100% of the systemic activity at 24 hours after treatment. For the influence of temperature on the activity, fenpyroximate showed stable activity and no temperature-dependent in comparison with other selected adaricides.

Induction and Termination of the Reproductive Diapause in the Minute Pirate Bug Orius strigicollis Poppius (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae)

Jum Rae Cho,Jeong Hwan Kim,Minho Lee,Hong Sun Kim 한국응용곤충학회 2005 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.8 No.2

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of the photoperiod and temperature on the reproductive diapause in Orius strigicollis. The photoperiod and temperature affected nymphal development, adult longevity, diapause induction, and diapause termination in O. strigicollis. At 18℃, nymphs developed significantly faster at a photoperiod of 8:16 (L:D) h than at a 12:12 (L:D) h. When kept at 15℃ and 9:15 (L:D) h continuously from the 2nd instars, the longevity of adult O. strigicollis was much shorter than that from the 4th instars, but their longevity was not different between the genders. At 18℃, when continuously kept under short photoperiod from the first three nymph stages, 100% of adults entered the reproductive diapause within 40 days after adult eclosion. From the 1st to 3rd instars, O. strigicollis displayed a long-day response with a critical photoperiod between 12 h and l4 h at 18℃ within 20 days after adult eclosion. When continuously kept at 15℃ and 18℃ with a 9:15 (L:D) h photoregime from the 2nd instars, all females entered the reproductive diapasue, while the diapause incidence at 20℃ and 25℃ was quite low even within 20 days after adult eclosion. No diapause incidence was found when only the egg or the first three nymph stages were kept at 18℃ and 8:16 (L:D) h, while the later two nymph stages showed a slight increase in diapause incidence. Combined exposure from the nymph to adult stages to 18℃ and 8:16 (L:D) h is necessary to attain 100% of diapause incidence. Diapause in O. strigicollis was terminated rapidly as long photoperiod and/or lower temperature was treated.