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Lymphopenia following pancreaticoduodenectomy is associated with pancreatic fistula formation
Joshua T. Cohen,Kevin P. Charpentier,Thomas J. Miner,William G. Cioffi,Rachel E. Beard 한국간담췌외과학회 2021 Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery Vol.25 No.2
Backgrounds/Aims: Post-operative pancreatic fistulas (POPF) are a major source of morbidity following pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). This study aims to investigate if persistent lymphopenia, a known marker of sepsis, can act as an additional marker of POPF with clinical implications that could help direct drain management. Methods: A retrospective chart review of all patients who underwent PD in a single hospital network from 2008 to 2018. Persistent lymphopenia was defined as lymphopenia beyond post-operative day #3. Results: Of the 201 patients who underwent PD during the study period 161 patients had relevant laboratory data, 81 of whom had persistent lymphopenia. 17 patients with persistent lymphopenia went on to develop a POPF, compared to 7 patients without. Persistent lymphopenia had a negative predictive value of 91.3%. Multivariate analysis revealed only persistent lymphopenia as being independently associated with POPF (HR 2.57, 95% CI 1.07-6.643, p=0.039). Patients with persistent lymphopenia were more likely to have a complication requiring intervention (56.8% vs 35.0%, p<0.001). Conclusions: Persistent lymphopenia is a readily available early marker of POPF that holds the potential to identify clinically relevant POPF in patients where no surgical drain is present, and to act as an adjunct of drain amylase helping to guide drain management.
Synchronized Optical and Electronic Detection of Biomolecules Using a Low Noise Nanopore Platform
Pitchford, William H.,Kim, Hyung-Jun,Ivanov, Aleksandar P.,Kim, Hyun-Mi,Yu, Jae-Seok,Leatherbarrow, Robin J.,Albrecht, Tim,Kim, Ki-Bum,Edel, Joshua B. American Chemical Society 2015 ACS NANO Vol.9 No.2
<P>In the past two decades there has been a tremendous amount of research into the use of nanopores as single molecule sensors, which has been inspired by the Coulter counter and molecular transport across biological pores. Recently, the desire to increase structural resolution and analytical throughput has led to the integration of additional detection methods such as fluorescence spectroscopy. For structural information to be probed electronically high bandwidth measurements are crucial due to the high translocation velocity of molecules. The most commonly used solid-state nanopore sensors consist of a silicon nitride membrane and bulk silicon substrate. Unfortunately, the photoinduced noise associated with illumination of these platforms limits their applicability to high-bandwidth, high-laser-power synchronized optical and electronic measurements. Here we present a unique low-noise nanopore platform, composed of a predominately Pyrex substrate and silicon nitride membrane, for synchronized optical and electronic detection of biomolecules. Proof of principle experiments are conducted showing that the Pyrex substrates have substantially lowers ionic current noise arising from both laser illumination and platform capacitance. Furthermore, using confocal microscopy and a partially metallic pore we demonstrate high signal-to-noise synchronized optical and electronic detection of dsDNA.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2015/ancac3.2015.9.issue-2/nn506572r/production/images/medium/nn-2014-06572r_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn506572r'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Global Studies: Impact on Student-Athlete Engagement and Identity Development in Higher Education
Kristina Navarro,Joshua Williams,Michael J. Salm,Chelsey Schulenberg,Lily Pittelkow,Mario Morris 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2020 Journal of Global Sport Management Vol.5 No.1
Drawing on the lived experiences of student-athletes who have participated in global study abroad experiences, researchers sought to specifically understand how to best integrate student-athletes within study abroad programs in American higher education institutions. In turn, the primary objective of this study was to better understand ways in which global experiences influenced student-athletes’ engagement and identity development processes. Specifically, this study explored how global study experiences influenced student-athletes’ personal, professional; and cultural growth during the higher educational experience. Results demonstrated student-athletes who participated in study abroad opportunities discussed academic, social; and career development benefits that would assist with their development during college and transition to life after sport.
Temperature dependence of GaSb and AlGaSb solar cells
Ehsan Vadiee,Yi Fang,Chaomin Zhang,Alec M. Fischer,Joshua J. Williams,Emma J. Renteria,Ganesh Balakrishnan,Christiana B. Honsberg 한국물리학회 2018 Current Applied Physics Vol.18 No.6
Sb-based alloys offer great potential for photovoltaic and thermophotovoltaic applications. In this paper, we study the performance of AlxGa1-xSb (x=0, 0.15, and 0.50) single-junction solar cells over a temperature range of 25–250 °C. The dark current-voltage, one-sun current-voltage, and external quantum efficiency measurements were acquired at different temperatures. Correlations between experimental and numerical results are made to draw conclusions about the thermal behavior of the cells. It is shown that, while the bandgaps decrease linearly with temperature leading to the reduction of open-circuit voltages, the short-circuit current densities decrease with non-linear trends. The temperature-dependent dark current densities were extracted by fitting the dark current-voltage curves to single- and double-diode models to give an insight into the effect of intrinsic carrier concentration (ni) on the cell performance. We find that the ni has a significant impact on temperature-dependent cell performance. These findings could lay a groundwork for the future Sb-based photovoltaic systems that operate at high temperatures.
Kim, Kyung Min,Zhang, Jiaming,Graves, Catherine,Yang, J. Joshua,Choi, Byung Joon,Hwang, Cheol Seong,Li, Zhiyong,Williams, R. Stanley American Chemical Society 2016 NANO LETTERS Vol.16 No.11
<P>A Pt/NbOx/TiOy/NbOx/TiN stack integrated on a 30 nm contact via shows a programming current as low as 10 nA and 1 pA for the set and reset switching, respectively, and a self-rectifying ratio as high as similar to 10(5), which are suitable characteristics for low-power memristor applications. It also shows a forming-free characteristic. A charge-trap-associated switching model is proposed to account for this self-rectifying memrisive behavior. In addition, an asymmetric voltage scheme (AVS) to decrease the write power consumption by utilizing this self-rectifying memristor is also described. When the device is used in a 1000 x 1000 crossbar array with the AVS, the programming power can be decreased to 8.0% of the power consumption of a conventional biasing scheme. If the AVS is combined with a nonlinear selector, a power consumption reduction to 0.31% of the reference value is possible.</P>
Trilayer Tunnel Selectors for Memristor Memory Cells
Choi, Byung Joon,Zhang, Jiaming,Norris, Kate,Gibson, Gary,Kim, Kyung Min,Jackson, Warren,Zhang, Min‐,Xian Max,Li, Zhiyong,Yang, J. Joshua,Williams, R. Stanley John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2016 Advanced Materials Vol.28 No.2
<P><B>An integrated memory cell with a memristor</B> and a trilayer crested barrier selector, showing repeatable nonlinear current–voltage switching loops is presented. The fully atomic‐layer‐deposited TaN<SUB>1+x</SUB>/Ta<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB>/TaN<SUB>1+x</SUB> crested barrier selector yields a large nonlinearity (>10<SUP>4</SUP>), high endurance (>10<SUP>8</SUP>), low variability, and low temperature dependence. </P>