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Caroline Dani,Lívia S. Oliboni,Fernanda M. Umezu,Matheus A.B. Pasquali,Mirian Salvador,José Cláudio Fonseca Moreira,João Antonio Pegas Henriques 한국식품영양과학회 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.5
Oxidative damage to biomolecules occurs by the accumulation of molecular damage due to free radicals and/or a diminution of antioxidant protection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protection of organic and conventional purple grape juices in brain, liver, and plasma from adult Wistar rats (7 months old) against the oxidative damage provoked by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Adult rats were divided into three groups (control, conventional purple grape juice, and organic purple grape juice). Half of the rats received CCl4, and the other half received the vehicle (vegetable oil). The chemical analytical determination showed that the highest levels of total phenolic, resveratrol, and catechins were seen in organic purple grape juices. Considering the treatment groups, it was observed that in all tissues (brain structures and liver) and plasma, CCl4 treatment increased the lipid peroxidation (LP) levels. Both grape juices were capable to reduce LP levels in cerebral cortex and hippocampus; however, in the striatum and substantia nigra only the organic grape juice reduced LP level. CCl4 caused an increase in catalase activity in cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and substantia nigra and in superoxide dismutase activity in substantia nigra. This increase was reduced by both juices in substantia nigra and hippocampus structures (P<.05). In the alkaline version of the comet assay performed on whole blood, it was observed that CCl4 was capable of inducing mainly DNA damage class 4 and 3 frequencies, which was significantly reduced in groups that received both purple grape juices. This implies that both grape juices have an important antigenotoxic activity.
Vitamin A Supplementation for Different Periods Alters Oxidative Parameters in Lungs of Rats
Matheus Augusto de Bittencourt Pasquali,Daniel Pens Gelain,Marcos Roberto de Oliveira,Guilherme Antônio Behr,Leonardo Lisbôa da Motta,Ricardo Fagundes da Rocha,Fábio Klamt,José Cláudio Fonseca Moreira 한국식품영양과학회 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.6
Lungs require an adequate supply of vitamin A (retinol) for normal embryonic development, postnatal maturation, and maintenance and repair during adult life. However, recent intervention studies revealed that supplementation with retinoids resulted in higher incidence of lung cancer, although the mechanisms underlying this effect are still unknown. Here, we studied the effect of vitamin A supplementation on oxidative stress parameters in lungs of Wistar rats. Vitamin A supplementation at either therapeutic (1,000 and 2,500IU/kg) or excessive (4,500 and 9,000IU/kg) doses for 3, 7, or 28 days induced lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, and oxidation of protein thiol groups, as well as change in catalase and superoxide dismutase activity. Together, these results suggest that vitamin A supplementation causes significant changes in redox balance, which are frequently associated with severe lung dysfunction.