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음폐수 처리 실규모 혐기소화조의 박테리아 군집 구조 고찰
이준엽 ( Joonyeob Lee ),황병철 ( Byungchul Hwang ),구태완 ( Taewoan Koo ),황석환 ( Seokhwan Hwang ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2014 한국폐기물자원순환학회 심포지움 Vol.2014 No.2
Bacterial communities were investigated using 454 pyrosequencing in two different full-scale anaerobic digesters treating food waste-recycling wastewater (FRW). Seasonal samples were collected for maximum 2 years from a Continuously-stirred tank Thermophilic (CT) digester in Gwangju. Key bacterial genera were determined in terms of operating temperature and reactor configurations from monitoring of temporal variation in full-scale systems for long time period. It was revealed that some process variables (e.g., Residual lipid concentration) had significant influence on variations in bacterial community structure and even in process stability. This result may be valuable reference to select appropriate seed to start up other full-scale reactors treating FRW and valuable reference for other colleague researchers who have plan to study further in optimization and process modeling in anaerobic digestion of FRW.
Lee, Joonyeob,Kim, Eunji,Han, Gyuseong,Tongco, Jovale Vincent,Shin, Seung Gu,Hwang, Seokhwan Elsevier 2018 Bioresource technology Vol.259 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Ten mesophilic full-scale anaerobic digesters treating food wastewater (FW-digesters) or sewage sludge (SL-digesters) were monitored for 1 year to investigate: (1) microbial communities underpinning FW-digesters and SL-digesters, (2) the effects of total ammonia-nitrogen concentration [TAN] and Na<SUP>+</SUP> concentration [Na<SUP>+</SUP>] on variations of these communities. [TAN] and [Na<SUP>+</SUP>] in the digester varied among digesters: 1.7–6.5 g TAN/L and 1.0–3.6 g Na<SUP>+</SUP>/L for the FW-digesters, and 0.1–2.2 g TAN/L and 0.1–1.2 g Na<SUP>+</SUP>/L for the SL-digesters; [TAN] negatively correlated with the process efficiency of the FW-digesters. Microbial communities were less diverse in the FW-digesters than in the SL-digesters. The FW- and SL-digesters formed very distinct microbial community structures; [TAN] and [Na<SUP>+</SUP>] in the digester were the critical factors shaping these structures. Immigrant bacteria from influent sludge significantly influence the bacterial communities of the SL-digesters. <I>Methanoculleus</I> might be tolerant to high ammonia in AD of such organic wastewater.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Microbes underpinning AD of FW and SL were proposed. </LI> <LI> The FW- and SL-digesters formed very distinct community structures. </LI> <LI> Ammonia and Na<SUP>+</SUP> were significant factors shaping these structures. </LI> <LI> Immigrant bacteria from influent SL was another significant factor. </LI> <LI> <I>Methanoculleus receptaculi</I> was dominant against high TAN. </LI> </UL> </P>
Lee, Joonyeob,Koo, Taewoan,Yulisa, Arma,Hwang, Seokhwan Academic Press 2019 Journal of Environmental Management Vol. No.
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Anaerobic batch tests with a 2<SUP>2</SUP> full-factorial design of ammonia (1.5, 6.5 g N/L) and magnetite concentrations (0, 20 mmol/L) were conducted separately for methanogenic degradation of acetate, propionate, and butyrate (volatile fatty acids (VFAs)) to 1) quantify the effect of magnetite as an enhancer in methanogenic degradation of each of the VFAs in conditions without ammonia stress (1.5 g N/L) and with ammonia stress (6.5 g N/L), and 2) identify methanogenic consortia that are related to such enhancement. Among the three VFAs, methanogenic degradation of propionate was the least feasible (57% lower specific methanogenic activity <I>R</I> <SUB> <I>CH4</I> </SUB> and three times longer lag time <I>λ</I> than acetate degradation). At low ammonia concentration, only propionate showed improvement in <I>R</I> <SUB> <I>CH4</I> </SUB> (46%) with supplementation of magnetite. In the ammonia-stressed condition without magnetite, <I>R</I> <SUB> <I>CH4</I> </SUB> decreased by 38–58% and <I>λ</I> increased 2.2–8.8 times for all VFAs; magnetite supplementation significantly alleviated these effects. These results demonstrate that magnetite supplementation effectively increases methanogenic degradation of the VFAs even under ammonia-stressed conditions. 16S metagenomic sequencing revealed that distinctive methanogenic consortia were active in the different combinations of substrate, ammonia and magnetite. <I>Alkaliphilus</I>, <I>Hyphomonadaceae SWB02</I> and <I>Clostridia DTU014</I>, <I>Clostridia D8A-2</I>, <I>Christensenellaceae R-7 group</I> and <I>Rikenellaceae DMER64</I> were identified as potential syntrophic bacteria that can establish magnetite-mediated direct electron transfer with methanogens (<I>Methanosaeta concilii</I>, <I>Methanosaeta harundinacea</I>, <I>Methanolinea tarda</I>, <I>Methanoculleus bourgensis</I> and <I>Methanosarcina</I> spp.) during methanogenic degradation of VFAs. The results may be useful as a reference to develop effective strategies using magnetite supplementation to remediate anaerobic digestion processes that have been afflicted by VFA accumulation and ammonia inhibition.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Magnetite effect on AD of VFAs under NH<SUB>3</SUB>-stressed condition was tested. </LI> <LI> Methanogenic degradation of propionate was improved by magnetite addition. </LI> <LI> Magnetite alleviated NH<SUB>3</SUB> inhibition of methanogenic degradation of VFAs. </LI> <LI> Distinctive syntrophic consortia were responsible for such enhancement effect. </LI> </UL> </P>
Lee, Joonyeob,Shin, Seung Gu,Han, Gyuseong,Koo, Taewoan,Hwang, Seokhwan Elsevier 2017 Bioresource technology Vol.245 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this study, four different mesophilic and thermophilic full-scale anaerobic digesters treating food wastewater (FWW) were monitored for 1–2years in order to investigate: 1) microbial communities underpinning anaerobic digestion of FWW, 2) significant factors shaping microbial community structures, and 3) potential microbial indicators of process instability. Twenty-seven bacterial genera were identified as abundant bacteria underpinning the anaerobic digestion of FWW. <I>Methanosaeta harundinacea</I>, <I>M. concilii</I>, <I>Methanoculleus bourgensis</I>, <I>M. thermophilus</I>, and <I>Methanobacterium beijingense</I> were revealed as dominant methanogens. Bacterial community structures were clearly differentiated by digesters; archaeal community structures of each digester were dominated by one or two methanogen species. Temperature, ammonia, propionate, Na<SUP>+</SUP>, and acetate in the digester were significant factors shaping microbial community structures. The total microbial populations, microbial diversity, and specific bacteria genera showed potential as indicators of process instability in the anaerobic digestion of FWW.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Archaea and bacteria in the full-scale AD of FWW were proposed. </LI> <LI> Bacterial community structures were differentiated by digester. </LI> <LI> Temperature, TAN, propionate, Na<SUP>+</SUP> were factors shaping the structures. </LI> <LI> Potential microbial indicators of process instability were suggested. </LI> </UL> </P>
Arma Yulisa,Joonyeob Lee,Sang Hyeok Park,Seokhwan Hwang 대한환경공학회 2022 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.27 No.6
Electromethanogenesis (EM) is a system that facilitates direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) in anaerobic digestion (AD) by providing an external power supply to favor desired reactions. Substrates of AD commonly contain ammonia (NH₃) as biodegradation product of nitrogen-rich compounds that can deteriorate the stability of AD process. Optimized cathode potential (VCAT) and magnetite (Mag) concentration ([Mag]) are expected to improve AD efficiency in the presence of NH₃. Response surface analysis with central composite face-centered design was used in this study to investigate the effect of VCAT and [Mag] under different total ammonia nitrogen concentration ([TAN]). Highest cumulative methane production was achieved at VCAT = -737.4 mV, [Mag] = 18.2 mM, and [TAN] = 1.5 g/L; highest acetate degradation rate was achieved at VCAT = 757.6 mV, [Mag] = 21.4 mM, and [TAN] = 1.5 g/L. The study demonstrated that VCAT promotes either microbial growth or electrochemical NH₃ removal. A Shift from acetoclastic to hydrogenotrophic pathway was also observed by the increase of hydrogenotrophic methanogen populations at the end of experiment. This study is beneficial for process control of AD under different NH₃ conditions.