Genetic characterization of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in Korea from 1998 to 2013

Kim, Seong-Hee,Lee, Jung-Min,Jung, Jongsun,Kim, In-Joong,Hyun, Bang-Hun,Kim, Hyun-Il,Park, Choi-Kyu,Oem, Jae-Ku,Kim, Yeon-Hee,Lee, Myoung-Heon,Lee, Kyoung-Ki Springer-Verlag 2015 Archives of virology Vol.160 No.4

<P>The number of porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) cases has increased over the past 20?years in Korea, with a major outbreak in 2013. A total of 27 Korean strains from 1998 to 2013 were analyzed (excluding the noncoding regions) and divided into two groups for comparison of the spike (S), ORF3, envelope (E), membrane (M), and nucleocapsid (N) genes with those of reference strains, vaccine strains, and previously identified strains based on phylogenetic analysis. Analysis of the selection patterns of PEDV isolated in Korea indicated positive selection of nine nonsynonymous sites in the S and N proteins and negative selection at 97 sites for all of the proteins. Interestingly, eight nonsynonymous mutations in S showed no significant pattern change over the 15-year period, and one of eight mutation sites was found only in IC05TK, GN05DJ, and KNU0802 in the epidemic years 2005 and 2008. These eight mutations were also present during the epidemic years in China. Furthermore, of the signs of positive selection in the S protein, the conservative substitutions were more frequent than radical substitutions in PEDVs, suggesting that the evolution of Korean strains has been slow. Serological cross-reactivity was detected between three field PEDVs and two vaccine strains, with different serum neutralization titers. In conclusion, although Korean PEDVs have been evolving slowly, their diverse antigenicity and genetics imply that multilateral efforts to prevent future PED outbreaks are required.</P>

FTFD: an informatics pipeline supporting phylogenomic analysis of fungal transcription factors.

Park, Jongsun,Park, Jaejin,Jang, Suwang,Kim, Seryun,Kong, Sunghyung,Choi, Jaeyoung,Ahn, Kyohun,Kim, Juhyeon,Lee, Seungmin,Kim, Sunggon,Park, Bongsoo,Jung, Kyongyong,Kim, Soonok,Kang, Seogchan,Lee, Yon Oxford University Press 2008 Bioinformatics Vol.24 No.7

<P>Genomes of more than 60 fungal species have been sequenced to date, yet there has been no systematic approach to analyze fungal transcription factors (TFs) kingdom widely. We developed a standardized pipeline for annotating TFs in fungal genomes. Resulting data have been archived in a new database termed the Fungal Transcription Factor Database (FTFD). In FTFD, 31,832 putative fungal TFs, identified from 62 fungal and 3 Oomycete species, were classified into 61 families and phylogenetically analyzed. The FTFD will serve as a community resource supporting comparative analyses of the distribution and domain structure of TFs within and across species.</P>

Genome wide analysis of rice blast pathogen, Magnaporthe oryzae, in Korea

Yoonhee KIM,Hyejeong KIM,Jinsoo KIM,Miyeon JEONG,Soyoung PARK,Suyoung KIM,Jongsun Park,Soonok KIM,Yong-Hwan LEE,Seong Sook HAN,Jae Hwan ROH,Woobong CHOI 한국작물학회 2007 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2007 No.11

Magnaporthe oryzae is a causal pathogen of the rice blast, the most destructive disease of rice worldwide. This ascomycete fungus has been intensively studied as a model organism in plant-pathogen interactions. Recently, the genome sequence of M. oryzae 70-15 was published by International Rice Blast Consortium. This led us to investigate comparative and functional analysis of this pathogen at genome-wide level. As a first step, sequencing project of M. oryzae Korean strain KJ201 was launched to face practical interests on diversity of plant pathogens. We constructed a fosmid library with a copy number controllable pCC1 vector. Over 13,000 end reads from 6637 fosmid clones were generated and anchored on genome sequence of the strain 70-15. Currently, 9,793 end reads, in which 2.684, clones with both ends and 1,757 clones with on end matched, are aligned to the sequence of strain 70-15. In the next step, shotgun sequencing of fosmid clones was conducted for fine scale comparative analysis of chromosome 7 that is well defined in genome sequencing of 70-15. Totally 119 fosmid clones were pooled in region and analyzed. For reasonable intra-species comparison in genome of M. oryzae, two strains, KJ201 and Guy11, were chosen for whole genome shotgun sequencing analysis with GS454 FLX system. About 8X genome coverage sequences were obtained for each strain and being merged for comparative analysis. Genome information of other strains is being also available from China and Japanese research groups and could be joined together for extended comparative analysis and the results give more detail in genome diversity in species level.

랫드에서 사염화탄소로 유발된 간손상에 대한 간조직 추출물 항독성 분획의 개선효과

김종선(Jongsun Kim),장자영(Ja Young Jang),신선희(Sunhee Shin),박동선(Dongsun Park),김은주(Eun Ju Kim),조정희(Jung-Hee Cho),황석연(Seock-Yeon Hwang),권철(Chull Kwon),권지현(Ji Hyun Kwon),황규계(Kyu-Kye Kwang),김윤배(Yun-Bae Kim) 한국실험동물학회 2004 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.20 No.3

The detoxification effect of Liver Extract Antitoxic Fractions (LEAFs) on liver injury and dysfunction induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) was investigated. Female rats were injected intraperitoneally with CCl₄ at a dose of 1 ㎖/㎏ (20% in corn oil, 5 ㎖/㎏). LEAF-B or LEAF-P, originated from bovine and porcine, respectively, was treated subcutaneously at doses of 100, 300 or 500 ㎎/㎏ (10 ㎖/㎏) 4 hr and 30 min prior to as well as 4 hr and 20 hr after CCl₄ challenge. The rats were anesthesized with intraperitoneal injection of urethane (16.5% in saline, 6 ㎖/㎏) 4 hr following final LEAF treatment (24 hr after CCl₄ injection), and administered with bromosulphalein (BSP) solution (1% in saline, 2 ㎖/㎏). The initial biliary excretion time of BSP was recorded, and the blood concentration of BSP was quantified 21 and 46 min after intravenous administration. Also, blood biochemical parameters related to hepatic and renal injuries in accordance with histopathological findings were analyzed. The biliary excretion time of BSP was greatly delayed by CCl₄ injection, which was significantly attenuated by 300-500 ㎎/㎏ of LEAF-B and 100 or 500 ㎎/㎏ of LEAF-P. Also, CCl₄-induced delay in BSP clearance was markedly recovered by 300-500 ㎎/㎏ of LEAF-B or 500 ㎎/㎏ of LEAF-P. In addition, CCl₄-induced changes in blood biochemical markers related to hepatic and renal injuries were remarkably reversed by LEAF-B or LEAF-P in a dose-dependent manner. Such effects of LEAFs on liver dysfunction were in parallel with the histopathological findings of the liver. That is, CCl₄ caused centrilobular congestion, hepatocytic degeneration, lipid droplets and immflamatory cell infiltration, resulting in disintegration of hepatic cords. Interestingly, such lesions were attenuated by LEAFs treatment, reducing mean lesion scores from 2.30 in rats administered with CCl₄ alone to 1.75 and 1.65 in animals treated with 500 ㎎/㎏ of LEAF-B and LEAF-P, respectively. Taken together, it is suggested that LEAFs might have protective effects against hepatic and renal cytotoxicity and dysfunction including impairments of hepatic biosynthesis, biliary excretion, metabolism and filtration induced by CCl₄, and that the effecacy of LEAF-P is comparable to that of LEAF-B which is avaliable in clinics.

A Moonlighting Protein Secreted by a Nasal Microbiome Fortifies the Innate Host Defense Against Bacterial and Viral Infections

Gwanghee Kim,Yoojin Lee,Jin Sun You,Wontae Hwang,Jeewon Hwang,Hwa Young Kim,Jieun Kim,Ara Jo,In ho Park,Mohammed Ali,Jongsun Kim,Jeon-Soo Shin,Ho-Keun Kwon,Hyun Jik Kim,Sang Sun Yoon 대한면역학회 2023 Immune Network Vol.23 No.4

Evidence suggests that the human respiratory tract, as with the gastrointestinal tract, has evolved to its current state in association with commensal microbes. However, little is known about how the airway microbiome affects the development of airway immune system. Here, we uncover a previously unidentified mode of interaction between host airway immunity and a unique strain (AIT01) of Staphylococcus epidermidis, a predominant species of the nasal microbiome. Intranasal administration of AIT01 increased the population of neutrophils and monocytes in mouse lungs. The recruitment of these immune cells resulted in the protection of the murine host against infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a pathogenic bacterium. Interestingly, an AIT01-secreted protein identified as GAPDH, a well-known bacterial moonlighting protein, mediated this protective effect. Intranasal delivery of the purified GAPDH conferred significant resistance against other Gram-negative pathogens (Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii) and influenza A virus. Our findings demonstrate the potential of a native nasal microbe and its secretory protein to enhance innate immune defense against airway infections. These results offer a promising preventive measure, particularly relevant in the context of global pandemics.

An Energy Efficient <tex> $V_{\rm PP}$</tex> Generator With Fast Ramp-Up Time for Mobile DRAM

Kyu-Young Kim,Yonghwan Kim,Doo-Chan Lee,Yu-Ri Kang,Hoonki Kim,Soo-Won Kim,Jongsun Park IEEE 2011 IEEE journal of solid-state circuits Vol.46 No.6

<P>An energy efficient <I>V</I><SUB>PP</SUB> generator with fast ramp-up time for mobile DRAM is presented in this paper. Instead of using a fixed pumping clock frequency as in the conventional <I>V</I><SUB>PP</SUB> generator, the proposed <I>V</I><SUB>PP</SUB> generator adopts a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) and uses variable pumping frequencies to improve the ramp-up time as well as energy efficiency. Numerical results show that the VCO based <I>V</I><SUB>PP</SUB> generators achieve energy savings of up to 34% with 40% improvement on ramp-up time when compared to the conventional ring oscillator (RO) based design. Our proposed <I>V</I><SUB>PP</SUB> generator, which uses a three-stage voltage doubler as a charge pump, was implemented and fabricated in CMOS 0.13 μm process. The <I>V</I><SUB>PP</SUB> generator chip's core occupies 0.6 mm<SUP>2</SUP> area and consumes 1162 nJ (average power of 47.8 mW during 24 μs ramp-up time) while generating 3.0 V output voltage with 1.0 nF load capacitor, 2.0 mA current load and 1.2 V supply voltage.</P>

Effective representation using ICA for face recognition robust to local distortion and partial occlusion

Kim, Jongsun,Choi, Jongmoo,Yi, Juneho,Turk, M. IEEE Comput. Soc 2005 IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine Vol.27 No.12

The performance of face recognition methods using subspace projection is directly related to the characteristics of their basis images, especially in the cases of local distortion or partial occlusion. In order for a subspace projection method to be robust to local distortion and partial occlusion, the basis images generated by the method should exhibit a part-based local representation. We propose an effective part-based local representation method named locally salient ICA (LS-ICA) method for face recognition that is robust to local distortion and partial occlusion. The LS-ICA method only employs locally salient information from important facial parts in order to maximize the benefit of applying the idea of "recognition by parts". It creates part-based local basis images by imposing additional localization constraint in the process of computing ICA architecture I basis images. We have contrasted the LS-ICA method with other part-based representations such as LNMF (localized nonnegative matrix factorization) and LFA (local feature analysis). Experimental results show that the LS-ICA method performs better than PCA, ICA architecture I, ICA architecture 11, LFA, and LNMF methods, especially in the cases of partial occlusions and local distortions.

Flexible chemical sensors based on hybrid layer consisting of molybdenum disulphide nanosheets and carbon nanotubes

Kim, Sungho,Han, Jinkyu,Kang, Min-A.,Song, Wooseok,Myung, Sung,Kim, Sang-Woo,Lee, Sun Sook,Lim, Jongsun,An, Ki-Seok Elsevier 2018 Carbon Vol.129 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A facile synthesis method was developed for preparing hybrid 2-dimensional (2D) films, based on large-scale molybdenum disulfide (MoS<SUB>2</SUB>) nanosheets and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), for flexible sensors. Here, 1-dimensional (1D) SWCNTs were combined with MoS<SUB>2</SUB> nanosheets during the MoS<SUB>2</SUB> synthesis process for improving the flexibility and stability of the 2D MoS<SUB>2</SUB> nanosheet. Uniform MoS<SUB>2</SUB> nanosheets were successfully synthesized via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using a porphyrin-type organic promoter. This study demonstrates the high performance and enhanced sensitivity of the chemical gas sensors that were fabricated using hybrid MoS<SUB>2</SUB>-SWCNT layers; the enhancement is due to the sensitive gas adsorption by SWCNTs in the MoS<SUB>2</SUB> nanosheets. In addition, the hybrid MoS<SUB>2</SUB>-SWCNT films, transferred on a flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate, were employed for the analysis of physical properties of chemical sensors as a function of the number of bending cycles. The hybrid MoS<SUB>2</SUB>-SWCNT-based sensors showed stable sensing performance after 10<SUP>5</SUP> bending cycles, whereas the resistance of MoS<SUB>2</SUB>-based sensors increased to approximately 300% under the same bending process.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

User Needs for Haptic Communication of VR Fashion Product Shopping

Kim, Jongsun,Ha, Jisoo The Society of Fashion and Textile Industry 2019 한국의류산업학회지 Vol.21 No.4

Non-contact judgment and evaluation for products are increasingly needed along with a rapid environmental change in fashion that sows urgency in the need to implement services that allows users to judge and experience a tactile sense in a fashion product without actual contact. Technological development is required to provide users with syn-aesthetic experiences that integrate the visual, tactile and the auditory. There is also a need to conduct research to increase immersion that provides users with ICT-related experiences communicated through fashion images. The study analyzed demands for haptic communication technology by Korean users in immersive VR fashion product shopping. Accordingly, it defined haptic communication through literature research, investigated immersion in the VR environment and conducted in-depth interviews for haptic communication applicable to VR shopping. Findings show that hedonic reactions by fantasy, emotion and fun function are an important motive in selecting VR shopping. VR fashion product shopping steps were divided into 4: move to store, search in store, search of product and purchase based on offline store shopping experience. It defined the haptic communication by steps and analyzed the types of the haptic feedback to be implemented. The study results provide basic data for developing haptic communication technology that can enhance e a sense of the presence and immersion experiences that can help lay a groundwork for pilot studies on the convergence of the virtual and the real.

Integrated database platform for flora under street trees in East Asia

Jongsun Park,Jihoon Yeon,Yongsung Kim,Hyejeong Kim 한국농약과학회 2018 한국농약과학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2018 No.10