토양중 게르마늄 농도에 따른 벼의 생육 특성 및 게르마늄 흡수

이성태,이영한,최용조,이상대,이춘희,허종수 한국환경농학회 2005 한국환경농학회지 Vol.24 No.1

게르마늄의 약리효능이 알려짐에 따라 게르마늄이 깅화된 기능성 농산물의 요구도가 높아지는 추세이다. 본 연구는 게르마늄의 농업적 이용에 대한 기초 사료를 제공하고자 실시하였으며, 벼의 생육 및 게르마늄 흡수에 미치는 게르마늄처리 효과는 다음과 같다. 게르마늄을 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 및 10.0 mg/kg으로 처리할 토양을 와그너포트에 넣어 벼를 재배힌 결과, 게르마늄 처리농도가 증가할수록 게르마늄 독성의 증가로 초장, 수장, 수수 및 수량이 급격히 감소하였으며 게르마늄 2.5 mg/kg 이상에서는 게르마늄 독성이 발생하였다. 게르마늄 처리농도가 증가할수록 벼의 게르마늄 흡수랑은 증가하였으나 벼의 게르마늄 이용율은 게르마늄 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 mg/kg 처리에서 각각 20.7, 12.5 및 7.5%로서 게르마늄 처리농도가 증가할수록 감소하였다. 벼의 부위별 게르마늄 함량은 볏짚>왕겨>현미 순으로 높았다. 게르마늄 2.5 mg/kg 처리시 볏짚, 왕겨 및 현미의 게르마늄 함량은 각각 103.4, 30.2 및 3.02 mg/kg 이었고, 볏짚과 왕겨에서는 게르마늄 무처리에서도 각각 2.9 및 3.9 mg/kg을 함유하고 있었다. 쌀의 아미노산 함량을 분석한 결과 게르마늄 처리농도가 증가할수록 Asx., Thr., Ser. 등 대부분 종류의 아미노산 함량이 증가하였으며, 그 결과 현미중 질소흡수량도 증가하였다. In order to obtain the basic information for agricultural utilization of Germanium(Ge), the growth characteristics and Ge absorption of rice plant were investigated with different Ge concentration in soil. Ge concentrations were treated with 0, 2.5, 5.0 7.5 and 10.0 mg/kg in pot(1/5,000a), respectively. As higher the Ge concentration in soil, the Ge absorption amount in straw, husk and brown rice were increased. But the yields were decreased with the increase of Ge phytotoxicity. When rice plant was grown more than 2.5 mg/kg Ge(as GeO₂) in the soil, growth was inhibited by germanium phytotoxicity and necrosis spots were observed in the rice leaf blades. Therefore the optimum concentration of Ge was less than 2.5 mg/kg in rice plant. When rice plant was cultivated on soil supplemented with 2.5 mg/kg Ge, Ge content in straw, husk and brown rice was 103.4, 30.2 and 3.02 mg/kg, respectively. The Ge content in plant was high in the order of straw > husk > brown rice. Most of the amino acids in rice were increased with the increase of Ge treatment, besides, total amino acid contents also increased.

Toluene, Xylene, Trichloroethylene 투여가 흰쥐의 시상하부와 뇌하수체의 GnRH, GnRH Receptor, Pit-1 유전자 발현에 미치는 영향

기노석,이종태,강대성,김대환,이채관,이헌,전진호,김정호,이채언 大韓産業醫學會 1998 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.10 No.2

The workplace exposure of chemicals has steadily increased, therefore the concern for subsequent effect on reproductive outcome has been an important issue in occupational medicine. In previous studies, higher rates of spontaneous abortion, reduced fertility and menstrual disorder among women, and an impairement of sperm quantity and quality among men have been associated with a wide variety of chemical agents. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of toluene, xylene and trichloroethylene(TCE) injection on the mRNA levels of GnRH, GnRH receptor and Pit-1 genes in male rats hypothalamus and pituitary and the effects on the plasma levels of FSH, LH, prolactin and testosterone. Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into five groups of five each according to concentration of toluene, xylene and TCE. The rats were injected subcutaneously to 0, 50, 100, 200, 400 mg/kg body weight/day of toluene, xylene and TCE, respectively for 6 days. Rat brains were excised and hypothalamus and pituitary were separated. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and RNase protection assay(RPA) were used to evaluate the GnRH, GnRH receptor and Pit-1 mRNA levels. Plasma concentrations of FSH, LH, prolactin and testosterone were assayed by radioimmunoassay(RIA). The results were as follows; 1. GnRH, GnRH receptor and Pit-1 mRNA levels in toluene and xylene injected groups, and GnRH receptor mRNA levels in TCE injected group were lowered dose-dependently. Especially, GnRH receptor and Pit-1 mRNA levels in 200mg/kg of toluene injected group, and GnRH, GnRH receptor and Pit-1 mRNA levels in 400mg/kg of toluene injected group were significantly lower than control group (p<0.05). GnRH receptor and Pit-1 mRNA levels in 400mg/kg of xylene injected group, and GnRH receptor mRNA levels in 400mg/kg of TCE injected group were significantly lower than control group(p<0.05). 2. The plasma levels of prolactin and testosterone in 400mg/kg of toluene injected group, and LH in 100, 200 and 400mg/kg of xylene injected group, and testosterone in 400 mg/kg of TCE injected group were significantly lower than control group(p<0.05). In conclusion, we speculated that toluene and xylene affected reproductive system secondarily through hypothalamus-pituitary axis, and TCE affected directly through steroidogenesis. And we recommended that further study for assessment of the reproductive toxicity of mixed organic solvent exposures should be conducted.

Firmware Design for Portable PCR Devices Controlled by Smart Phones through Wireless Communication

Wan Yeon Lee1,Min Ja Kim,YoungWoong Ko,Jong Dae Kim 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Control and Automation Vol.7 No.11

In this paper, we design and implement a firmware for portable PCR devices that is controlled by a smart phone. The firmware has the host-local structure in which the firmware receives operation commands from the smart phone and sends operation results to the smart phone through Bluetooth communication. The firmware is designed to accommodate unstable wireless communication of Bluetooth. We implement a low-cost small PCR device with the proposed firmware on microchip PIC18F4550, and verify that the implemented PCR device significantly re

아연계 탈황제의 장기연속 반응성 연구

박노국,이종욱,이승철,이종대,류시옥,이태진 영남대학교 공업기술연구소 2000 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.28 No.2

The zinc titanate sorbents(ZTG40) were prepared and the tests for durability and attrition resistance were carried out to develop the highly effective desulfurization sorbents. In the attrition tests for ZTG40 the results showed that the attrition resistance was 94.08% and that the sulfur capacity was maintained above 15g S/100g sorbent throughout the 100-cycle test, its maximum being 23.05g S/100g sorbent. As compared to sorbents developed by the developed countries, ZTG40 showed superior performances. In the advanced countries 15g S/100g sorbent is a yardstick of excellency for the sulfur capacity of desulfurization sorbents. Therefore, ZTG40 developed in this study has the desirable physical and chemical properties for fluidized desulfurization of coal gases.

Discordance in Spirometric Interpretations Based on Korean and Non-Korean Reference Equations

Nami Kim,Mi-Hee Park,Se-yeong Kim,Chunhui Suh,Sangyoon Lee,Kun-Hyung Kim,Chae-Kwan Lee,Dae-Hwan Kim,Jong-Tae Lee 대한직업환경의학회 2013 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.25 No.-

Objectives: Korean regression models for spirometric reference values are different from those of other ethnic groups. The purpose of this study was to evaluate discordance in spirometric interpretations based on using Korean reference equations versus non-Korean reference equations. Methods: Spirometry was performed on 825 Korean male workers from April 2009 to November 2011. The spirometric patterns and disease severity were evaluated using two Korean equations (Choi’s and Lee’s) and three equations for Caucasians (NHANES III, Morris’s, and Knudson’s), and the results of Choi’s equation were compared with the non-Korean equations. The spirometric patterns were defined as normal, restrictive, and mild and moderate obstructive. Results: The mean differences in the FEV1% and FVC% between the two Korean equations were 2.0 ± 1.3% and 3.5 ± 2.2%, respectively. Morris’s equation had the greatest difference in the FEV1% from Choi’s equation: 32.9 ± 8.5%. Knudson’s equation had the greatest difference in the FVC% from Choi’s equation: 10.5 ± 6.5%. Conclusions: The two Korean equations shared similar characteristics of spirometric interpretation. The spirometric interpretations of Choi’s equation were significantly different from those of Morris’s equation and Knudson’s equation.

만성 간질환에서 혈청 Type Ⅳ Collagen 측정의 의의

이헌영,김성걸,정현용,구선회,박종우,강대영 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1994 충남의대잡지 Vol.21 No.2

To evaluate the clinical significance of serum type N collagen levels in patients with various liver diseases, serum type IV collagen levels were measured by one-step sandwich enzyme immunoassay using monoclonal antibodies in 80 patients from December 1993 to December 1994 at Chung Nam National University Hospital. The results were as follows : 1. Mean age of patients was 45 years. Men was 2.1 times more than women. 2. Compared to 15 normal controls(159.9±34.0 ng/ml), serum type IV collagens were significantly elevated in patients with chronic hepatitis (254.5±158.0 ng/ml), liver cirrhosis(281.0±195.7 ng/ml) and hepatocellular carcinoma(420.5±241.4 ng/ml) (p<0.005). 3. Serum type IV collagen levels were increased without significance in patients with alcholic liver cirrhosis(331.6±244.5 ng/ml) compared to non-alcholic cirrhosis(230.4±117.8 ng/ml. p>0.05). 4. The serum levels of type IV collagen were not correlated with the levels of alanine amino-trnasferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST) and alkaline phosphatase(ALP). The results suggest that the serum type IV collagen levels correlate well with the degree of progression of chronic liver diseases. Therefore the measurement of serum type IV collagen is relatively simple and useful method to reflect the progression of chronic liver diseases.

Aprotinin의 체외순환에 따른 출혈억제효과

이정은,전대근,김종렬 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1992 충남의대잡지 Vol.19 No.2

CPB(cardiopulmonary bypass) is a very complex process ad activated many humoral system which include the coagulation system, firbrinolytic system, kallikrein system, and the complement system, are probably all very important and closely interrelated. It has profound effects the number and especially function of platelets because of contact between blood and gaseous or synthetic solid surface during CPB. These changes increase blood loss after cardiac operations and may transfuse a large amounts of banked blood inevitably which may cause very serious complications including hepatitis and AIDS, etc. Aprotinin is a proteolytic enzyme inhibitor and depress the activation of fibrinolytic system via a powerful antiplasmin activity and may preserve von Willebrand platelet interaction. Two groups of patients were prospectively studied to evaluate the hemostatic effects of high dose aporotinin in open heart operation, first group patients(n=10), at the start of anesthesia 2,000,000 kallikrein inactivator units(KIU) of aprotinin was infused over 20 to 30 minutes. Subsequently, 500,000 KIU/h aprotinin was given untill the end of operation. Additionally, 1,000,000 KIU of aprotinin was in the priming solution of the extracorporeal circuit. Second group patients(n=10) served as controls. The results were as follows, 1. The decrease of hemoglobin and serum protein following CPB was reduced significantly(p<0.05) in aprotinin group. 2. The decrease of platelet number and increase of bleeding time following CPB were reduced in aprotinin group. 3. The intraoperative and postoperative blood loss and the amounts of transfusion of banked blood were reduced significantly(p<0.05) in aprotinin group. In the conclusion, we believe that the use of high dose aprotinin decreases blood loss and reduced the need for banked blood in cardiac patients.

러시아 농업과학기술 연구기관과 운영체체의 변화

이상덕,김종환,정남진,오대근,오성종 한국국제농업개발학회 2003 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.15 No.2

This work is dedicated to main directions of Agricultural science policy of Russia during the transition to the market economy. In this study, Russian R&D system, R&D expenditure and structure of research institutes were introduced. Especially, Studies on organizations such as RFBR : Russian Foundation for Basic Research, RFTD : Russian Fund for Technological Development, Russian Foundation for Promotion of Small Enterprises in S&T, FPP : Fund for presidential Programs, SRC : State Research Center, ISTC : International Science & Technology Center were carried out. Analysis of the problems of Agricultural Science sector of Russia shows the situation is very complicated. Despite all efforts of Government, the national institutes is still in crisis. It is clear today that without energetic and intelligent reforms, it would be impossible to implement resonable reorganization of Agricultural sector and have to strong and deserved science and technical sector in Russia.

말쥐치 가공중 향기성분에 관하여

이종호,최병대,이강호,이근태,김태수 國立統營水産專門大學 附設 水産科學硏究所 1989 수산과학연구소보고 Vol.1 No.-

쥐치의 향기성분을 동정하기 위하여 Likerson형의 연속증류추출 및 탄산가스추출법을 이용하여 휘발성 성분을 동정하였다. 그 결과 중성획분에서 55 성분, pherol성획분에서 4 성분, 염기성획분에서 13 성분 및 ㅅ산성획분에서 10 성분이 분리·동정되었고 중성획분에서는 가열·배소 후 propanol, butanol, octanol, dodecanol등의 alcoholfb 그리고 pentanal, hexanal, 2-methyl-l-propanal, heptenal등의 aldehyde의 함량이 크게 증가하여 flavor 형성에 크게 기여할 것으로 생각되어 진다. 분리·동정된 phenol류는 분자량(m/e) 100~160 정도로 나타났으며, 염기성획분에서는 2-methylpyrazine, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl=3,5-dimethylpyrazine 등과 2-methylpyridine등이 동정되었다. 이들과 함께 중성획부에서 동정된 furan류가 가열온도의 증가와 함께 그 함량이 증가하였다. 산성획분에서는 배소시료 구분에서 isoaproic acid 및 caproic acid의 함량이 많았다. Volatile compounds were collected by simultaneous distillation extraction and carbon dioxide method, and analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The neutral fraction obtained from the whole steam volatile concentrate 55 kinds of components, phenolic fraction had 4 kinds of components, basic fraction had 13 kinds of components and 10 kinds of components were in acidic fraction. Alcohols, propanols, butanols, octanols, dodecanols etc. and aldehydes, pentanals, hexanal, 2-methyl-1-propanal, heptenal etc. were highly increased after boiled and roasted. And these compounds were contributed to formation of filefish flavor. The molecular ion peak of phenolic fraction was generally appeared in the range 100 to about 160. From the basic fraction, 2-methylpyrazine, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine and 2-methylpyridine were identified. The contents of basic compounds and furans obtained from the neutral fraction were increased at the higher heating temperature. The flavor of acidic fraction was influenced by the low molecular as isovaleric and valeric acid.

赤米의 Anthocyan 色素에 關한 硏究

이란숙,박종대,박근형 全南大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 1993 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.28 No.-

상해향혈나 赤米 색소의 식품가공용으로서의 이용가능성에 대한 기초조사로서 赤米 색소의 이화학적 성질과 총 anthocyanin 함량 측정 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 赤米 색소 추출물은 0.1N NaOHdp 의해 청색으로 변했고, 다시 0.1N HCl을 가해보니 본래의 색으로 복원되었으며, ether와 chloroform에는 전혀 녹지 않아 赤米색소 추출물은 anthocyanrP임을 추정할 수 있었다. 2. 赤米의 anthocyan 색소는 aluminum chloride, ammonium molybdate, 그리고 lead acetate 시약 처리에 의해 청색으로 변색되어 赤米 색소는 cyanidin, delphinidin, petunidin계 中 어느 한계에 속하는 색소임을 추정할 수 있었다. 3. 赤米 색소의 흡수 spectrum은 전형적인 anthocyanin의 흡수 spectrum을 보였으며, 흡수극대파장은 530nm, ????/???? (%) 比값은 19.4를 나타냈다. 그리고 5% ???? ethanol 용액 첨가에 의해 장파장 쪽으로 이동함을 보여 이상의 분광학적인 성질을 종합해 본 결과 赤米 색소 anthocyanin은 cyanidin 계의 3-monoglucoside 배당체 임을 추정할 수 있었다. 4. 赤米 색소의 TLC와 PC 분석 결과 각각의 용매계에서 단일 spot를 보여 단일종의 anthocyanin으로 구성되었음이 시사되었으나 HPLC 분석 결과 90% 이상을 차지하는 주 peak외에 작은 peak가 인정되었다. 5. 주 색소가 cyanidin-d-monoglucoside로 알려진 자두의 anthocyan 색소를 동일한 조건의 HPLC를 행한 결과 赤米의 주 anthocyan 색소의 data와 일치하여 赤米의 anthocyan 색소는 cyanidin-3-mono-glucoside로 확인되었다. 6. 赤米 색소의 총 anthocyan 함량은 14.3% 수분량을 갖는 赤米 100 g당 cyanidin-3-monoglucoside 형태로 40.3 mg 있었다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 赤米 색소는 cyanidin-d-monoglucoside가 주 색소를 이루었으며, 총 anthocyan 함량은 赤米 100g당 cyanidin-3-monoglucoside 형태로 40.3mg 있었다. This study investigated red rice pigments with red color as a possibility of use them in the food processing. In order to separate and identify the pigments, the red rice of sanghaehyanghyulna was extracted with hydrochloric acid in methanol. The pigments were identified as the anthocyan by qualitative test. Base on the separated pattern thin layer chromatography, paper chromatography and spectrophotometric characteristics, the main anthocyanin of red rice pigments was identified as cyanidin-3-monoglucoside. This conclusion was supported by the comparison with high performance liquid chromatography chromatogram of the plum pigments in which the major anthocyanin was reported cyanidin-3-monoglucoside. The total anthocyanin content in red rice pigments was calculated 40.3 mg/100g weight.