前腕部 經穴 取穴에서 骨度分寸法과 一夫法의 比較 硏究

박히준,채윤병,차웅석,박종배,이혜정,이향숙,인창식,고형균,김수영,최일환,김강식,문정배,배기태,유경환,육근영,정병주,손인철,임사비나 WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2004 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2004 No.-

Background : The cun measurement System, an essential and convenient method in locating acupoints, has been widely used in the practice of acupuncture. However, traditional cun measurement has been criticized for its lack of reliability. Objectives : The purposes of this study are to determine if one cun measured by the directional methods have a consistency with that of proportional methods and to investigate which factors are related with these differences, especially in forearm. Methods : The distance between the elbow crease and the wrist crease of forearm was compared to a reference value of one cun obtained by the directional method. In this method, one cun is one third of the distance between index finger and Small finger of a subject, measured at proximal interphalangeal joint. In addition, to investigate the factors influencing the differences between these two methods, we measured the height and body weight and calculated body mass index (BMI). Finally we analyzed the factors correlated with these lengths by linear regression test. Results : The results showed that one cun obtained by the directional methods were significantly different from one cun by the proportional methods in forearm. It was demonstrated that the length acquired with the directional method was more correlated with body weight and body mass index, while the length obtained by the proportional method was more correlated with the height.

連續回分式 反應器에서 基質과 암모니아除去에 미치는 溫度의 影響

朴永圭,金鐘佑 嶺南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1984 環境硏究 Vol.4 No.2

The tempetrature effects were investigated in this research on the substrate removal during the fill period and nitrification during the aeration period for the treatment of the synthetic wastewater by sequencing batch reactor process. The substrate removal rate was ?? during the fill period at 30℃ in the case of the low-loading COD of 508mg/ℓ, and its of the high-loading COD of 1,021mg/ℓwas ??. It was found that the removal efficiency of COD was obtained more than 93% after the aeration period, and also that the substrate removal efficiency was not affected during the aeration period by temperature such as 25℃,30℃,35℃and 40℃ but the ammonia removal was affected by temperature. The specific nitrification rate was ?? at 30℃for the low-loading and its for the high-loading was ?? respectively. After the aeration period, sludge volume indexes(SVI)for the low and high-loading were 113~133 and 68~82, respectively.

술폰기가 도핑된 폴리피를 제조 및 전기화학적 특성

박종호,김지윤,장순호,조영일 한국화학공학회 2003 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.41 No.4

정전류 중합법으로 도펀트의 화학적 구조와 크기에 따라 폴리피롤 막을 ITO 전극위에 합성하고 전기화학적 특성을 알아보았다. 전해중합 효율은 SBA, PVS, BDS 순으로 증가하였고 합성 전기량의 증가에 따라서는 변화되지 않았다. SBA를 도펀트로 제조된 폴리피롤 막은 산화 과정에서 음이온 및 양이온 교환특성이 나타남을 CV를 통해 알 수 있었다. 도펀트가 BDS인 폴리피롤 막은 전류밀도 1 mA/㎠에서 가장 높은 속도 상수 값을 나타내었다. 또한 선형분극 법으로 측정한 확산계수는 이중층 용량 성분 때문에 임피던스 법으로 구한 값보다 크게 나타났다. According to chemical structure and size of dopant, the polypyrrole films were prepared by constant current polymerization method on ITO electrode and its electrochemical properties were investigated. The current efficiency of polymerization of pyrrole was increased in the sequence 4-sulfobenzoic acid(SBA), polyvinylsulfonic acid(PVS), 1.3-benzenedis-ulfonic acid(BDS) and was unchanged with electricity of polymerization. As a result of cyclic voltammetry of polypyrrole film prepared with SBA as dopant, ion-exchange behavior both of anion and cation was observed during oxidation process. The maximum rate constant of polypyrrole doped with BDS was obtained at 1 ㎃/㎠. In addition, the diffusion coefficient calculated by linear polarization method was more large than that measured by impedance analysis due to double layer capacitance.

接觸安定化工程에 依한 牛乳廢水의 淨化機能에 關하여

朴永圭,尹鐘錫 嶺南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1984 環境硏究 Vol.4 No.2

The purification mechanism of the milk waste water with the contact stabilization process could be accurately explained by applying the equation of Michaelis-Menten, the adsorption equation of Freundlich isotherm and its of Katz isotherm. Design parameters of the contact stabilization process are discussed in this paper to represent the substrate removal efficiency. The parameter, Vm, of Michaelis-Menten equation is 2.96and the value of ?? is 61.97. The constants, K₃and ?? of the Freundlich equation are 0.040 and 0.855, respecvtiely. And also the adsorption coefficients, K₄and ?? of Katz equation are 0.041 and 0.87, respectively. For designing the contact stabilization process, the optimal condition of the detention time in the contact tank is to be 50 minutes and in the case of the stabilization tank to be 5 hours. When the concentration of sludge in the stabilization tank is fixed to be 9000mg/ℓand the recycle ratio to be 0.4, it is found that the treatment efficiency of COD is more than 90% and the range of F/M ratio is from 0.3 to 0.6.

전해중합법에 의한 폴리피롤 전극 제조 및 전기화학적 특성

박종호,김지윤,조영일 한국화학공학회 2004 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.42 No.2

본 연구에서는 도펀트를 달리하여 정전류법으로 폴리피롤 막을 ITO 전극위에 제조하였다. 4단자법으로 전도도를 측정한 결과, BDS를 도핑물질로 하는 폴리피롤 필름의 전도도가 0.3S/㎝로 가장 우수하였다. BDS를 도펀트로 사용한 폴리피롤 제조 조건으로 BDS 농도, 전류 밀도, 전기량에 대한 영향을 고찰하였다. 또한 양이온 교환 특성을 향상시키기위해 BDS를 도펀트로 사용한 폴리피롤 위에 거대 음이온 PVS를 도펀트로 적층 중합한 복합체 필름을 제조하였으며, 양이온에 대한 교환 특성이 향상되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. In the present study, the polypyrrole films were prepared by constant current method on indium tin oxide electrode with doping materials. From the results of measurements by the four-point probe method, the maximum electrical conductivity of polypyrrole doped with 1, 3-benzenedisulfonic acid(BDS) was 0.3S/㎝. In the case of BDS, the effects of polymerization variable were examined with respect to BDS concentration, current density, and electricity. In order to improve the cation exchange property, the layered polypyrrole composite films were fabricated by electrochemical oxidation of pyrrole in BDS solutions as dopant material followed by electropolymerization in polyvinylsulfonic acid(PVS) solutions. The resulting composite films showed higher redox behaviors for cation transfer than polypyrrole film doped with PVS.

心臟血管 外科 手術 100例 報告

李寧均,元官喜,朴鍾善,鄭埈 中央醫學社 1963 中央醫學 Vol.5 No.3

Fifty cases of congenital cardiac malformation and fifty cases of acquired heart disease and injuries of cardio-vascular system were treated Surgically in this department. Main lesions of congenital origin were twenty-two cases of tetralogy of FalIot and 16 cases of patent ductus arteriosus. Mair lesions of acquired type were five cases of cardiac trauma, nine cases of aortic and major arterial injury, and thirteen cases of mitraI stenosis, Three cases of typical pulseless disease with eye-ground findings and four cases of Mitral insufficiency. In twelve cases general hypothermia were utilized. Oul of seventeen open heart Surgery cases with Bubble type oxygenator four Mitral insnfficiency and one Atrial septal defect cases surrvied but all six teralogy cases expired, . In two cases hypothermic hemodilution peousfusion with double helix resesvoir oxygenator were` utilized with one surviirval. In congenital cyanotic malformation group Glenn proceadures were performed in nineteen cases,. inducing fifteen cases of tralalogy of Fallot. In mitral insufficiency open mitral valvuloplasty was done with ivalon baffle attachment to the mural cusp in two cases.

집적광학을 위한 격자 광결합기

姜英鎭,朴鍾旭 圓光大學校 1990 論文集 Vol.24 No.2

레이져 빔을 박막 도파로에 결합시키는 방법중, 격자결합기가 프리즘결합기보다 집적광학의 평면개념에 더욱 적합하고, 영구적으로 완벽하게 광소자의 일부분이 될 수 있으므로 가장 만족스러운 결합방법이다. 본 논문에서는 격자 광결합기에 있어서, 결합 모우드 이론을 이용하여 비선형 매질로 이루어지는 격자 광결합기에 대한 결합 방정식을 유도하고 서로 다른 입사전력 레벨에 있어서 여러가지 파라메타들의 효과를 결합효율면에서 수치해석을 하였다. 결과적으로, 도파로가 비선형성을 갖는 경우에는, 입사빔의 빔폭, 입사빔의입사각, 격자 주기의 최적값은 입사전력에 의존하며, 입사전력이 증가함에 따라 결합효율은 감소함을 보였다. Of the various means for coupling a laser beam into awaveguide mode, only the grating optical coupler is compatible with the planner concept of the integrated optics, and can be permanent part of a optical device, and hance offers the most satisfactory means of coupling. From the coupled mode theory, the coupling equation for the nonlinear grating coupler is induced in this paper. By the numerical analysis, the effect of various parameters on the coupling efficiency of a nonlinear grating coupler at different incident power levels is studies. As the result, the beam width of incident beam, incident angle of beam and optinum value of grating period are dependent incident power. It is reported that, in the presence of nonlinearities in the waveguide, the coupling efficiency decreases with increasing incident power.

Chinchilla 달팽이핵에서 Calbindin D-28ka 면역반응세포의 미세구조에 관한 연구

문영민,박영란,정윤영,김종증 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2008 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.33 No.3

Chinchilla 달팽이핵의 신경표지물질의 하나인 calbindin D-28ka은 칼슘결합단백질의 일종으로 여러 포유동물의 신경계통에 널리 분포하고 있는 것으로 알려지고 있다. Chinchilla 달팽이핵에서 CB에 대한 고도의 특이성을 지닌 단세포군항체를 이용하여 광학 및 전자현미경적 면역화학염색방법을 이용하여 CB양성세포의 분포상과 세포의 형태 및 크기와 CB세포의 미세구조에 대하여 관찰한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. Calbindin D-28ka 양성반응세포는 chinchilla 달팽이핵의 전 분야에서 관찰할 수 있었으나 특히 등쪽달팽이핵에서 더 많이 관찰할 수 있었으며 CB양성세포의 형태는 방추형, 타원형, 이극 및 뭇극형이었고 세포의 크기는 16-30?μm 였다. 2. 수많은 미토콘도리아와 축삭세포체 연접, 미세섬유등을 관찰할 수 있으며 축삭을 둘러싸고 있는 말이집과 calbindin D-28ka 양성반응세포의 침착물과 모세혈관을 관찰할 수 있었고 커다란 핵과 축삭의 주변에 작은 슈반핵과 말이집으로 둘러싸인 가로 단면의 수많은 축삭들을 관찰할 수 있었다. 이상의 결과로 보아 calbindin D-28ka 양성반응세포는 청각기능세포를 보호할 뿐만 아니라 청각기능을 수행하는데 매우 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 판단된다. A unique class cells, strongly immunopositive for anti-calbindin D-28ka were observed in and near the cochlear nucleus of the chinchilla (chinchilla laniger). They were preferentially located in the dorsal cochlear nucleus, as well as in the adjacent superior olivary nucleus. The calbindin D-28ka positive neurons had relatively large cell bodies with thick, heavy spinal dendrites, and were typically situated in the immediate subpial position. The calbindin D-28ka immunoreactive neurons were very varied morphologically; bitufted, bipolar, multipolar and horizontal cells in shape, and the diameters of the neurons are 16-30 μm have been described in the cochlear nucleus of the chinchilla. Also, the calbindin D-28ka positive dendrites were considerably more densely arrayed than those of other cochlear nuclear cells, including the cartwheel cells of the dorsal cochlear nucleus. The fine structure of the cells in the cochlear nucleus in the chinchilla(chinchilla laniger) was studied by transmission electron microscopy. The neurons had a large, round, centrally located nucleus, and their cytoplasm contained numerous mitochondria, myelinated axon, dense granular endoplasmic reticulum, abundant Golgi apparatus, groups of free ribosomes, some heterogeneous particles and neurofilaments. Cell surfaces were studied irregularly with small spinous processes, and they contained a few fine irregularly arranged neurofilaments and some granular endoplasmic reticulum. Boutons contacting the soma and dendrites of the cochlear nucleus neurons were defined as the axosomatic synapses. Based on differences in the bouton and vesicle morphology, the four synaptic bouton types were identified; 1. Asymmetrical and symmetrical synapses with small rounded vesicles. 2. Asymmerical synapses with pleomorphic admixture contained predominantly spherical vesicles. 3. Symmerical synapses with pleomorphic vesicles of flattened, spherical and dense-core vesicles. 4. Asymmetrical as well as symmetrical synapses with heterogeneous and large dense-core vesicles. Synaptic boutons containing the rounded vesicles and the large densecore vesicles were most frequently observed.

先天性 三尖瓣閉?症(4例報告) : A Report of Four Cases

李寧均,朴鍾善,姜重求,金升煥,元官喜 최신의학사 1964 最新醫學 Vol.7 No.4

內臟轉錯症隨伴 左心症 : 合倂 大血管轉錯症에 對한 手術 1例 Levocardia with Situs Inversus Viscerum:A complicated combination of anomalies

李寧均,朴鍾善,崔秉茂,金升煥,洪彰義,姜錫麟 中央醫學社 1963 中央醫學 Vol.5 No.5

A six years old Korean girl was admitted in February 1963, with cyanotic congenital heart disease. By auscultation grade I -Ⅱ systolic murmur was audible along the left sternal border without thrill. Remarkable laboratory findings were high degree of and hematuria, polycythemia, albuminuria, and right sided hemiparesis. Transposition of the abdominal viscera with levocardia was found on routine X-ray study ECG showed right axis deviation and inverted P-wave in lead I . The right heart catheterization and angiocardiography with Shonander serial X-ray machine showed the right-sided (venous)atrium receiving the right and left superior vena cava separately, complete transposition of the great vessels, shunt at the ventricular level, and pulmonary stenosis. The inferior vena cava coursed along the left border of the spinal column and drained into the venous atrium, which is in the left hemithorax. The aortic arch was left-sided and bifurcated right ureter was visualized. Glenn' s procedure was done to increase the pulmonary blood flow in March 1963. Postoperative course was benign and uneventful. The follow-up study of the case, five month postively, revealed satisfactory results; increased exercise tolerance, marked relief from dyspnea on exertion, abolished cyanosis on rest, incresed arterial oxygen saturation (from 48% to 70%), normalization of hemogram, and increased pulmonary vascularity on the right lung field. The final anatomical findings of this unusually complicated cardiac anomaly were: (1) Levocardia with situs inversus viscerum, chamber inversion, and inverted P-wave in Lead I on ECG. (2) Transposition of the great vessels with pulmonary stenosis. (3) Intra-cardiac shunt or Shunts: i. Undetermined intracardiac shunt, Vntricular septal defect or single vent -ricle or atrioventricularis communis ? ii. Confirmed atrial septal defect. (4) Double superior vena cavae: left superior vena cava drained into the right atrial cavity (right atrium proper or coronary sinus?). Inferior vena cava on the left side. (By course of the cardiac catheter) Left aortic arch and left descending aorta. Bifurcated right ureter. Asplenia :presence not determined. Three lobes of the right lung confirmed by operation but numbr of lobes on the left lung undetermined. This report is believed to be the first operative palliation case of complete trans-position of the great vessels with pulmonary stenosis in a Korean literature.