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( Dae-gyun Ahn ),( Hye-jin Shin ),( Mi-hwa Kim ),( Sunhee Lee ),( Hae-soo Kim ),( Jinjong Myoung ),( Bum-tae Kim ),( Seong-jun Kim ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2020 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.30 No.3
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which causes serious respiratory illness such as pneumonia and lung failure, was first reported in Wuhan, the capital of Hubei, China. The etiological agent of COVID-19 has been confirmed as a novel coronavirus, now known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is most likely originated from zoonotic coronaviruses, like SARS-CoV, which emerged in 2002. Within a few months of the first report, SARS-CoV-2 had spread across China and worldwide, reaching a pandemic level. As COVID-19 has triggered enormous human casualties and serious economic loss posing global threat, an understanding of the ongoing situation and the development of strategies to contain the virus’s spread are urgently needed. Currently, various diagnostic kits to test for COVID-19 are available and several repurposing therapeutics for COVID-19 have shown to be clinically effective. In addition, global institutions and companies have begun to develop vaccines for the prevention of COVID-19. Here, we review the current status of epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and vaccine development for COVID-19.
Kim Tae-Hun,Bae Sojung,Goo Sunggeun,Myoung Jinjong 한국미생물·생명공학회 2023 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.33 No.12
Since its first report in 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has posed a grave threat to public health. Virus-specific countermeasures, such as vaccines and therapeutics, have been developed and have contributed to the control of the viral pandemic, which has become endemic. Nonetheless, new variants continue to emerge and could cause a new pandemic. Consequently, it is important to comprehensively understand viral evolution and the roles of mutations in viral infectivity and transmission. SARS-CoV-2 beta variant encode mutations (D614G, N501Y, E484K, and K417N) in the spike which are frequently found in other variants as well. While their individual role in viral infectivity has been elucidated against various therapeutic antibodies, it still remains unclear whether those mutations may act additively or synergistically when combined. Here, we report that N501Y mutation shows differential effect on two therapeutic antibodies tested. Interestingly, the relative importance of E484K and K417N mutations in antibody evasion varies depending on the antibody type. Collectively, these findings suggest that continuous efforts to develop effective antibody therapeutics and combinatorial treatment with multiple antibodies are more rational and effective forms of treatment.
( Eunha Kim ),( Jinjong Myoung ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2018 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.28 No.11
Upon viral infection, the host cell recognizes the invasion through a number of pattern recognition receptors. Melanoma differentiation associated gene 5 (MDA5) and retinoic acidinducible gene-I (RIG-I) recognize RNA molecules derived from invading viruses, activating down-stream signaling cascades, culminating in the induction of the type I interferon. On the other hand, viruses have evolved to evade type I interferon-mediated inhibition. Hepatitis E virus has been shown to encode a few antagonists of type I interferon and it is not surprising that viruses encode multiple mechanisms of viral evasion. In the present study, we demonstrated that HEV PCP strongly down-regulates MDA5-mediated activation of interferon β induction in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, MDA5 protein expression was almost completely abolished. In addition, polyinosinic polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C))- and Sendai virus-mediated activation of type I interferon responses were similarly abrogated in the presence of HEV PCP. Furthermore, HEV PCP down-regulates several molecules that play critical roles in the induction of type I IFN expression. Taken together, these data collectively suggest that HEV-encoded PCP is a strong antagonist of type I interferon.
Fault Insertion Test를 이용한 Column Type MDPS 고장진단 로직 검증 시뮬레이터 개발
이진종(Jinjong Lee),김하연(Hayeun Kim),유은영(Eunyoung Yoo),전승훈(Seunghoon Jeon),박정인(Jungin Park) 한국자동차공학회 2011 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2011 No.11
This paper describes developing a fault diagnosis logic simulator of column type MDPS can be tested manually and automatically, using Fault Insertion Test. Tester can input the fault condition such as open/short test to ECU I/O. Through this developing simulator project, verification, validation and regression test before in vehicle will be strengthened; it also can reduce cost and time.
LabVIEW<SUP>®</SUP> 기반의 전장 ECU 로직 검증 자동화 시뮬레이터 아키텍처 설계
김하연(Hayeun Kim),이진종(Jinjong Lee),유은영(Eunyoung Yoo) 한국자동차공학회 2011 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2011 No.11
In this paper, a simulator architecture design for automotive ECU logic test automation with LabVIEW® is presented. For efficient development of the simulator and test automation, each feature of the simulator (power control, communications input/output control, sensor input/output control, etc.) must be modulated and implemented as a command. Using a graphical development language, LabVIEW®, the command based architecture can be developed easily. And the architecture can be helpful for maintainability and functional scalability of the simulator. More, this paper also purposes method for test automation procedure design. By executing test case automatically, it can contribute to reduce test execution time, cost and to increase test coverage and reliability.
Taejung Lim,Jinjong Kim,Sang Hoon Joo The Korean Electrochemical Society 2023 Journal of electrochemical science and technology Vol.14 No.2
The electrochemical chlorine evolution reaction (CER) is an important electrochemical reaction and has been widely used in chlor-alkali electrolysis, on-site generation of ClO<sup>-</sup>, and Cl<sub>2</sub>-mediated electrosynthesis. Although precious metal-based mixed metal oxides (MMOs) have been used as CER catalysts for more than half a century, they intrinsically suffer from a selectivity problem between the CER and parasitic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Hence, the design of selective CER electrocatalysts is critically important. In this review, we provide an overview of the fundamental issues related to the electrocatalysis of the CER and design strategies for selective CER electrocatalysts. We present experimental and theoretical methods for assessing the active sites of MMO catalysts and the origin of the scaling relationship between the CER and the OER. We discuss kinetic analysis methods to understand the kinetics and mechanisms of CER. Next, we summarize the design strategies for new CER electrocatalysts that can enhance the reactivity of MMO-based catalysts and overcome their scaling relationship, which include the doping of MMO catalysts with foreign metals and the development of non-precious metal-based catalysts and atomically dispersed metal catalysts.
Adverse fetal outcomes in pregnant rabbits experimentally infected with rabbit hepatitis E virus
Ahn, Hee-Seop,Han, Sang-Hoon,Kim, Yong-Hyun,Park, Byung-Joo,Kim, Dong-Hwi,Lee, Joong-Bok,Park, Seung-Yong,Song, Chang-Seon,Lee, Sang-Won,Choi, Changsun,Myoung, Jinjong,Choi, In-Soo 3M Company 2017 Virology Vol.512 No.-
<P>Hepatitis E virus (HEV) causes severe hepatitis in pregnant women, with associated poor fetal outcomes. To study HEV viral pathogenesis, pregnant rabbits were infected with low-and high-dose rabbit HEV at 2 weeks gestation. HEV was identified in the serum, feces, and liver tissue of infected rabbits, and dose-dependent fetal mortality rates ranging from 67% to 80% were observed. The aspartate transaminase (AST)/alanine transaminase ratio was significantly higher (P < 0.01) in high-dose infected rabbits than low-dose infected and negative control rabbits 14 days post infection (dpi). Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) was significantly higher in low dose (P < 0.01) and high-dose infected rabbits (P < 0.001) than in negative controls 7 dpi. High-dose HEV-infected rabbits produced significantly more interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma; P < 0.05) than negative control rabbits at 7 and 14 dpi. High levels of AST, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma may substantially influence adverse fetal outcomes in pregnant rabbits infected with high-dose HEV.</P>