The Association between Dairy Intake and Breast Cancer in Western and Asian Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Jiajie Zang,Meihua Shen,Sufa Du,Tianwen Chen,Shurong Zou 한국유방암학회 2015 Journal of breast cancer Vol.18 No.4

Purpose: To date, studies investigating the association between dairy consumption and breast cancer in women have produced conflicting results. As diet is an important, modifiable factor affecting cancer development, the aim of this study was to examine the association between dairy consumption and breast cancer risk. Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched with a priority for prospective cohort studies. Case-control studies were also considered in case of the absence of a cohort study. Results: We analyzed 22 prospective cohort studies (1,566,940 participants) and five case-control studies (33,372 participants). High and modest dairy consumption (>600 and 400–600 g/day, respectively) significantly reduced the risk of breast cancer compared with low dairy consumption (<400 g/day; risk ratio [RR], 0.90, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.83–0.98, and RR, 0.94, 95% CI, 0.91–0.98, respectively). A significant linear relationship between dairy consumption and breast cancer risk was found on dose-response analysis. Subgroup analysis found that yogurt (RR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.83–0.99) and low-fat dairy (RR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.75–0.96) reduced the risk of breast cancer, while other dairy product types did not. A reduced risk was observed for people in the United States (RR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.83–0.99) and in those followed for ≥10 years (RR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.81–0.99). Additionally, the highest level of dairy consumption among Asians was associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer (odds ratio, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.62–0.88). Conclusion: Dairy consumption was inversely associated with the risk of developing breast cancer and this effect was dependent on the dose, dairy-type, and time.

Characterization of Enterobacter cloacae under Phoxim Stress by Two-dimensional Gel Electrophoresis

Dijun Zhang,Jiajie Xu,Weina He,Qianqian Tong,Liping Chen,Jun Zhou,Xiurong Su 한국생물공학회 2015 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.20 No.3

Phoxim, an organophosphorus pesticide, was widely used in agriculture but was banned because of its associated toxic runoff, which accumulated in surrounding water outlets. Here, Enterobacter cloacae was isolated from water outlets adjacent to industrial, agricultural and residential sewage having high organic phosphorus contents. To investigate the ability of E. cloacae to respond and survive under phoxim stress, both at the proteomic and transcriptional level, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS/MS) and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) were used. A 2-DE analysis showed that 12 h post phoxim exposure, 46 proteins were differentially expressed and 21 protein spots were selected for MALDI-TOF-MS/MS identification. This resulted in the successful identification of 16 spots, nine up-regulated and seven down-regulated. Of these, stress response proteins, including the chaperone protein DnaK, GroEL, F0F1 ATP synthase subunit beta, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and outer membrane channel protein, were only expressed in the phoxim-treated experimental group. To validate these findings, seven genes were selected and positively confirmed using qPCR. The results suggest that the identified expression patterns relate to E. cloacae resistance and tolerance to high phoxim concentrations.

The polymorphisms of bovine PCSK1 gene and their associations with growth traits

Limin Shan,Jiajie Sun,Chunlei Zhang,Xingtang Fang,Chuzhao Lei,Xianyong Lan,Hong Chen 한국유전학회 2011 Genes & Genomics Vol.33 No.1

Proprotein convertase 1 (PCSK1) is an endopeptidase involved in proteolytic processing of peptide hormone precursors in granules of the regulated secretory pathway of endocrine cells and mutations in PCSK1 gene are thought to cause obesity. In the present study, based on PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing methods, polymorphisms of the PCSK1 gene were detected in 858 individuals from five breeds (Nanyang cattle, Qinchuan cattle, Jiaxian cattle, Luxi cattle and Chinese Holstein). The results showed that only P_8 locus showed polymorphisms and 3 synonymous SNPs of PCSK1 gene were identified. Additionally, significant statistical difference was found in bovine birth weight and diplotype MM were 7.35% higher than diplotype XY.

Traumatic bile duct neuroma presenting with acute cholangitis: A case report and review of literature

Priti Lalchandani,Abraham Korn,Jiajie G. Lu,Samuel W. French,Linda Hou,Kathryn T. Chen 한국간담췌외과학회 2019 Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery Vol.23 No.3

Traumatic neuroma of the biliary tree has been previously reported as isolated case reports. In literature, these typically present following prior liver transplant or cholecystectomy, wherein the bile ducts have been disrupted in some form. Here we report the case of a 41-year old male who initially presented with acute cholangitis ten years after an open cholecystectomy complicated by a bile leak. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography revealed a stricture within the mid distal common hepatic duct. The patient temporarily resolved his initial episode with stent placement, and he was eventually taken to the operating room for bile duct resection and hepaticojejunostomy given a persistent stricture and concern for underlying malignancy. Final pathology demonstrated a traumatic bile duct neuroma. This unusual entity should be considered in patients with benign appearing strictures presenting years after surgery, and awareness may aid in preoperative counseling as well.

Effects of echinomycin on endothelin-2 expression and ovulation in immature rats primed with gonadotropins

Zhengchao Wang,Yanqing Wu,Liyun Chen,Qianping Luo,Jisen Zhang,Jiajie Chen,Zimiao Luo,Xiaohong Huang,Yong Cheng,Zhenghong Zhang 생화학분자생물학회 2012 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.44 No.10

Echinomycin is a small-molecule inhibitor of hypoxia- inducible factor-1 DNA-binding activity, which plays a crucial role in ovarian ovulation in mammalians. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α-mediated endothelin (ET)-2 expressions contributed to ovarian ovulation in response to human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) during gonadotropin-induced superuvulation. By real-time RT-PCR analysis, ET-2 mRNA level was found to significantly decrease in the ovaries after chinomycin treatment, while HIF-1α mRNA and protein expression was not obviously changed. Further analysis also showed that these changes of ET-2 mRNA were consistent with HIF-1 activity in the ovaires, which is similar with HIF-1α and ET-2 expression in the granulosa cells with gonadotropin and echinomycin treatments. The results of HIF-1α and ET-2 expression in the granulosa cells transfected with cis-element oligodeoxynucleotide (dsODN) under gonadotropin treatment further indicated HIF-1α directly mediated the transcriptional activation of ET-2 during gonadotropin- induced superuvulation. Taken together, these results demonstrated that HIF-1α-mediated ET-2 transcriptional activation is one of the important mechanisms regulating gonadotropin-induced mammalian ovulatory precess in vivo. Echinomycin is a small-molecule inhibitor of hypoxia- inducible factor-1 DNA-binding activity, which plays a crucial role in ovarian ovulation in mammalians. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α-mediated endothelin (ET)-2 expressions contributed to ovarian ovulation in response to human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) during gonadotropin-induced superuvulation. By real-time RT-PCR analysis, ET-2 mRNA level was found to significantly decrease in the ovaries after chinomycin treatment, while HIF-1α mRNA and protein expression was not obviously changed. Further analysis also showed that these changes of ET-2 mRNA were consistent with HIF-1 activity in the ovaires, which is similar with HIF-1α and ET-2 expression in the granulosa cells with gonadotropin and echinomycin treatments. The results of HIF-1α and ET-2 expression in the granulosa cells transfected with cis-element oligodeoxynucleotide (dsODN) under gonadotropin treatment further indicated HIF-1α directly mediated the transcriptional activation of ET-2 during gonadotropin- induced superuvulation. Taken together, these results demonstrated that HIF-1α-mediated ET-2 transcriptional activation is one of the important mechanisms regulating gonadotropin-induced mammalian ovulatory precess in vivo.

Effects of a novel marine natural product: pyrano indolone alkaloid fibrinolytic compound on thrombolysis and hemorrhagic activities in vitro and in vivo

Ting Yan,Wen-Hui Wu,Tongwei Su,Jiajie Chen,Quangang Zhu,Chaoyan Zhang,Xiaoyu Wang,Bin Bao 대한약학회 2015 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.38 No.8

Fungi fibrinolytic compound 1 (FGFC1) is a novel marine natural product as a low-weight fibrinolytic pyranoindole molecule, whose thrombolytic effects were evaluated on FITC-fibrin (Fluorescein isothiocyanate, FITC) degradation methods in vitro and on acute pulmonary thromboembolism animal model in vivo. We determined the FGFC1 induced thrombolysis that stems from its fibrin(ogen)olytic activities as measured by fibrin(ogen) degradation products (FDPs) experiment, acute pulmonary thromboembolism animal model experiment, and euglobulin lysis assay. In vitro, measurement of FITCfibrin degradation revealed that fibrin hydrolysis occurred in a concentration-dependent manner of FGFC1 from 5 to 25 l mol/L. In vivo test of a classical acute pulmonary thromboembolism model in rat showed that when the injected dose was 5 mg/kg or above, FGFC1 was effectivein dissolution of extrinsic FITC-fibrin induced blood clots. Euglobulin lysis time (ELT) in FGFC1-treated rats was shortened 30 s compared with rats in the positive control group, which were injected with clopidogrel sulfate and single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator. As compared to the control, FGFC1 (5–25 mg/kg) did not significantly alter the formation of fibrinogen and FDPs in vivo. Our research indicates that FGFC1 presents pharmacodynamic action in both the thrombolysis and the hemolytic procedure, which can be characterized by fibrinogenolysis in blood and FDPs in plasma. In vivo, increasing fibrinolytic doses of FGFC1 from 5 to 25 mg/kg did not induce fibrinogenolysis when compared with control group, this result corresponds to that FGFC1 did not induce the increasing of FDPs (compared with the salinetreated control). It indicates that the FGFC1 may act as a novel thrombolytic agent and represent an effective approach to the treatment of thrombus without significant risk of hemorrhagic activity.