사례 분석을 통한 캐릭터의 법적 보호 방법에 관한 고찰 -카카오와 라인을 중심으로-

서지원 ( Seo¸ Jiwon ),김이진 ( Kim¸ Lee Jin ) 한국기초조형학회 2021 기초조형학연구 Vol.22 No.4

캐릭터 디자이너에게 창작물에 대한 법적 보호는 중요하다. 캐릭터의 보호에 관한 기존 연구들은 실무적인 질문에 대하여 답을 얻기에는 다소 추상적이다. 본고에서는 캐릭터 디자이너에게 실무상 효율적으로 자신의 캐릭터에 대한 보호를 추구하는 방법을 제시하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 먼저 캐릭터를 보호하기 위한 법률을 살펴보았다. 이어서 현재 상업적으로 성공한 캐릭터의 대표적 사례로 볼 수 있는 카카오와 라인의 캐릭터를 연구 대상 사례로 선정하고 이를 분석하였다. 구체적으로, 캐릭터를 보호하기 위한 법률에는 크게 저작권법과 산업재산권 관련법인 상표법, 디자인보호법이 있다. 따라서 본 고에서는 저작권법과 상표법, 디자인보호법이 캐릭터의 어느 면을 보호하는지를 간략히 소개하였다. 그리고 저작권법, 상표법, 디자인보호법에 대한 이해를 바탕으로 카카오와 라인의 캐릭터에 대한 저작권, 상표권, 디자인권 세부 사항을 분석하고 그 내용을 소개하였다. 1)저작권의 경우, 카카오는 모든 캐릭터에 대해 저작권을 등록하였고, 라인은 두 번째 공개한 BT21은 저작권 등록을 했지만, 첫 번째 공개 캐릭터인 라인 프렌즈에서는 저작권 등록에 소극적이었다. 2)상표권은 상표 형태에 따라 여러 종류가 있는데, 본고에서는 캐릭터와 관련된 상표로 문자상표, 도형상표, 도형복합상표를 다루었다. 카카오는 첫 번째 캐릭터인 카카오 프렌즈에서는 상표 획득에 시행착오를 겪은 것으로 보이지만, 두 번째 캐릭터인 니니즈에서는 모든 캐릭터에 대해 문자상표와 도형상표를 획득하였다. 라인은 저작권 뿐 아니라 문자상표, 도형상표 출원에도 소극적인 모습을 보였지만, 모든 캐릭터에 대해 도형복합상표를 등록하였다. 3)디자인권의 경우, 카카오는 모든 캐릭터를 3차원으로 입체화시킨 인형(완구)과 화상디자인을 출원하였다. 반면 라인은 모든 캐릭터를 출원하기보다는 등록이 필요할 상품을 출원하는 전략을 택한 것으로 보인다. 이러한 분석 결과를 바탕으로 효율적인 권리 획득 전략을 제안하였다. It is important for a character designer to get legal protection of its character. Existing studies regarding protection of character are somewhat abstract to practical questions on how to obtain such legal protection and which route should be taken. This study suggested an effective method for protection of characters to designers. For this, the relevant laws for protection of charaters are first discussed. Subsequently, Kakao and Line characters, which can be seen as representative examples of commercially successful characters, were selected as the subject of study and analyzed. Specifically, laws for protection of character include the Copyright law, and the Intellectual Property laws such as the Trademark law and the Design right law. Therefore, first what aspect of characters is protected by the relevant laws are summarized here, and based on the understanding of the laws, the details of copyrights, trademarks, and designs of Kakao and Line’s characters are analyzed and the results are provided. 1)As for copyright, Kakao obtained registration of all its characters, and Line obtained registration of BT21 as its second published character group but took a passive attitude toward Line Friends as its first character group. 2)As for Trademark, several types exist, and this article addressed word mark, figurative mark, and composite trademark. Kakao seems to have undergone trial and error about its first character group, Kakao Friends, but obtained word mark and figurative mark of all characters of Niniz as its second character group. Line showed a passive attitude toward word mark and figurative mark as well as copyright, but obtained composite trademark for all its characters. 3)As for design right, Kakao filed applications of all characters by making them 3-dimentional structures while designating toy and graphic design on display panel as the products using the character. On the contrary, Line seems to have taken strategy to file applications of only the products that need registration of right, rather than obtaining of rights for all its characters. Effective strategy for obtaining rights was suggested in this article based on the analysis results above.

태음조위탕(太陰調胃湯) 약물 가감(加減) 원리

신승원,이지원,황민우,이준희,고병희,이의주,Shin, Seungwon,Lee, Jiwon,Hwang, Minwoo,Lee, Junhee,Koh, Byunghee,Lee, Euiju 사상체질의학회 2016 사상체질의학회지 Vol.28 No.3

Objectives This study aimed at proposing a hypothetical principle to add or abstract herbs for modifying Taeeumjowi-tang.Method Based on Jema Lee's literatures such as Dongyisusebowon and Dongyisasangsipyeon, we analyzed contents related to Taeeumjowi-tang and its modification. Moreover, we reviewed physiological and pathological pecularities of Taeeumin symptomatology and applied the theory to induce the principle of the modified Taeeumjowi-tang in Sasang medicine.Results and Conclusions 1) We have found 10 modified Taeeumjowi-tang from Dongyisasangsipyeon. 2) Mahwangjowi-tang (麻黃調胃湯), Gogijowi-tang (固氣調胃湯), Shingijowi-tang (腎氣調胃湯), Euiyiinjowi-tang (薏苡仁調胃湯), Gamijowi-tang (加味調胃湯), and Gyeongheomjowi-tang (經驗調胃湯) are modified for Taeeumin who have original symptoms of more severe cold tendency. Especially, Gogijowi-tang helps to circulate energy-fluid from esophagus to skin, while Shingijowi-tang directly aids the function of esophagus. 3) Seungjijowi-tang (升芷調胃湯), Seunggeumjowi-tang (升芩調胃湯), Seunggijowi-tang (承氣調胃湯), and Jowisokmyung-tang (調胃續命湯) are modified for Taeeumin who have originally cold symtoms, accompanied by heat tendencies. Especially, Seungjijowi-tang helps to eliminate mild heat existing throughout skin and flesh, while Seunggeumjowi-tang gets rid of severe heat swarming in the flesh parts. Seunggijowi-tang can take away the most severe heat symptoms in the whole body

Optimal anesthesia protocols for successful intraoperative neuromonitoring during thyroid surgery

Jiwon Lee(Jiwon Lee),Jung-Man Lee(Jung-Man Lee),Young Jun Chai(Young Jun Chai) 대한신경모니터링학회 2022 Journal of Neuromonitoring & Neurophysiology Vol.2 No.2

There are several factors related to anesthesia that are required for successful intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) during thyroid and parathyroid surgery, including proper placement of endotracheal tube, adequate neuromuscular blockade, use of appropriate neuromuscular blockade reversal agent, and pain management. In this review, we summarize the anesthesia issues related to IONM during thyroid and parathyroid surgery.

IntraBrain Injector (IBI): A Stereotactic-Guided Device for Repeated Delivery of Therapeutic Agents Into the Brain Parenchyma

Jeongmin Lee,Sangwook Lee,Wooram Jung,Guk Bae Kim,Taehun Kim,Jiwon Seong,장혜민,Young Noh,Na Kyung Lee,Boo Rak Lee,Jung-Il Lee,Soo Jin Choi,Wonil Oh,Namkug Kim,Seunghoon Lee,Duk L. Na 대한의학회 2022 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.37 No.31

Background: To deliver therapeutics into the brain, it is imperative to overcome the issue of the blood-brain-barrier (BBB). One of the ways to circumvent the BBB is to administer therapeutics directly into the brain parenchyma. To enhance the treatment efficacy for chronic neurodegenerative disorders, repeated administration to the target location is required. However, this increases the number of operations that must be performed. In this study, we developed the IntraBrain Injector (IBI), a new implantable device to repeatedly deliver therapeutics into the brain parenchyma. Methods: We designed and fabricated IBI with medical grade materials, and evaluated the efficacy and safety of IBI in 9 beagles. The trajectory of IBI to the hippocampus was simulated prior to surgery and the device was implanted using 3D-printed adaptor and surgical guides. Ferumoxytol-labeled mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were injected into the hippocampus via IBI, and magnetic resonance images were taken before and after the administration to analyze the accuracy of repeated injection. Results: We compared the planned vs. insertion trajectory of IBI to the hippocampus. With a similarity of 0.990 ± 0.001 (mean ± standard deviation), precise targeting of IBI was confirmed by comparing planned vs. insertion trajectories of IBI. Multiple administrations of ferumoxytol-labeled MSCs into the hippocampus using IBI were both feasible and successful (success rate of 76.7%). Safety of initial IBI implantation, repeated administration of therapeutics, and long-term implantation have all been evaluated in this study. Conclusion: Precise and repeated delivery of therapeutics into the brain parenchyma can be done without performing additional surgeries via IBI implantation.

Liquid Crystalline Silver(I) Complex of 4-Stilbazole and Their Photoluminescent Property

Jiwon Lee,Seung Jun Lee,Shin Woo Lee,Mikyoung You,Jae Young Jho 한국고분자학회 2006 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2006 No.10

Intravenous fluid prescription practices among pediatric residents in Korea

Lee, Jiwon M.,Jung, Younghwa,Lee, Se Eun,Lee, Jun Ho,Kim, Kee Hyuck,Koo, Ja Wook,Park, Young Seo,Cheong, Hae Il,Ha, Il-Soo,Choi, Yong,Kang, Hee Gyung The Korean Pediatric Society 2013 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.56 No.7

Purpose: Recent studies have established the association between hypotonic fluids administration and hospital-acquired hyponatremia in children, and have contended that hypotonic fluids be removed from routine practice. To assess current intravenous fluid prescription practices among Korean pediatric residents and to call for updated clinical practice education Methods: A survey-based analysis was carried out. Pediatric residents at six university hospitals in Korea completed a survey consisting of four questions. Each question supposed a unique scenario in which the respondents were to prescribe either a hypotonic or an isotonic fluid for the patient. Results: Ninety-one responses were collected and analyzed. In three of the four scenarios, a significant majority prescribed the hypotonic fluids (98.9%, 85.7%, and 69.2%, respectively). Notably, 69.2% of the respondents selected the hypotonic fluids for postoperative management. Almost all (96.7%) selected the isotonic fluids for hydration therapy. Conclusion: In the given scenarios, the majority of Korean pediatric residents would prescribe a hypotonic fluid, except for initial hydration. The current state of pediatric fluid management, notably, heightens the risk of hospital-acquired hyponatremia. Updated clinical practice education on intravenous fluid prescription, therefore, is urgently required.

Comparison of Preanalytical Sample Stability between Serum and Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid Plasma for the Measurement of Biological Analytes

Jiwon Lee,Kibeom Jeon,Taekha Lee,Jisoo Lee,Miyoung Kim,Han-Sung Kim,Young Kyung Lee,Hee Jung Kang 대한임상검사정도관리협회 2020 Journal of Laboratory Medicine And Quality Assuran Vol.42 No.3

Background: In this study, we aim to examine the effects of pre-analytical factors such as specimen type (serum or plasma), collection and storage conditions, and time, on the results of chemiluminescence immunoassay. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 10 individuals and aliquoted into two sets of K3-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and serumseparating tubes (SST) each, for plasma and serum collection, respectively. For all the samples, one set of tubes was centrifuged within 1 hour and other set was centrifuged after 4 hours, followed by cell separation. Chemiluminescence assay was performed for adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), parathyroid hormone (PTH), osteocalcin, C-telopeptide, and insulin at 0, 6, 24, and 48 hours after centrifugation; all the samples were assayed in duplicate. The samples were stored at 4℃ before the assay. Results: The results obtained showed that the levels detected in plasmas were more consistent and stable as compared to serum. After a 6-hour storage at 4℃, a significant decrease was observed in the levels of ACTH and osteocalcin in plasma and serum; whereas, PTH and C-telopeptide levels were stable in plasma but decreased significantly in serum. Insulin levels in serum showed a decrease after a 6-hour storage while the levels in plasma were found to be stable until 24-hour storage. Serum samples separated after 4 hours showed a significant decrease in all hormone levels, while C-telopeptide and insulin levels were stable in plasma samples separated after 4 hours. Conclusions: The results were found to be more stable in plasma samples from K3-EDTA tubes as compared to serum samples from SST in the measurement of unstable biological analytes. These results suggest that K3- EDTA tubes are preferable in the specimen collection for assaying biological analytes.

Comparison of Body Fluid Diferential Counts Using a Manual Counting Method or an Automated Hematology Analyzer

Jiwon Lee,Kibum Jeon,Jisoo Lee,Miyoung Kim,Han-Sung Kim,Hee Jung Kang,Young Kyung Lee 대한임상검사정도관리협회 2020 Journal of Laboratory Medicine And Quality Assuran Vol.42 No.1

Background: Two methods of counting cells in body fluids were compared; manual counting using a Neubauer chamber, and automated cell counting using an XN-350 hematology analyzer.Methods: Cells from 32 body fluid samples were counted by manual examination and by an automated analyzer. Total cells (TC), white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), mononuclear leukocytes (MN), neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils were each counted by both methods. The results were compared using the Pearson correlation test, Bland-Altman regression analysis, and Passing-Bablok regression analysis.Results: The two methods showed very strong correlation in TC, WBC, RBC, PMN, and MN counts, strong correlation in % neutrophils, and % lymphocytes, and weak correlation in % monocytes and % eosinophils. Using Bland-Altman regression analysis, the mean biases for TC, WBC, and RBC were -270, -257.4, and -1,256.09, respectively, and 0.15 for PMN and MN. Research parameters were compared as well: mean biases were -1.31, -2.46, -5.16, and -3.58 for % neutrophils, % monocytes, % lymphocytes, and % eosinophils, respectively. Passing-Bablok regression equations were y=1.039x+20, y=1.037x+19, y=1.259x+0.0, y=0.983x+1.541, and y=0.983x+0.125 for TC, WBC, RBC, PMN, and MN, respectively. The equations were y=0.955x+2.194 for % neutrophils, y=0.965x+1.184 for % monocytes, y=1.003x+0.161 for % lymphocytes, and y=x+0.75 for % eosinophils.Conclusions: WBC differential count results performed by an automated hematology analyzer generally show good correlation with our reference method, Neubauer chamber counting.

Do Patients Attempt and Succeed in Quitting Smoking During Tuberculosis Treatment? A Prospective Cohort Study

( Jiwon Lee ),( Jinsoo Min ),( Chaeuk Chung ),( Sung Soo Jung ),( Hye Kyeong Park ),( Sung-soon Lee ),( Ki Man Lee ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2023 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.136 No.0

Nephronophthisis 13: implications of its association with Caroli disease and altered intracellular localization of WDR19 in the kidney.

Lee, Jiwon M,Ahn, Yo Han,Kang, Hee Gyung,Ha, I I Soo,Lee, Kyoungbun,Moon, Kyung Chul,Lee, Joo Hoon,Park, Young Seo,Cho, Yong Mee,Bae, Jun-Seok,Kim, Nayoung K D,Park, Woong-Yang,Cheong, Hae Ii Springer International 2015 Pediatric nephrology Vol.30 No.9

<P>Nephronophthisis 13 (NPHP 13) is associated with mutations in the WDR19 gene, which encodes for a protein in the intraflagellar transport complex. Herein, we describe six additional cases accompanied by Caroli syndrome or disease.</P>