CREEP CONSTITUTIVE RELATIONSHIPS AND CYCLIC BEHAVIORS OF Sn96.5Ag3Cu0.5 UNDER HIGH TEMPERATURES

JI-HONG LIU,XIANG-QI MENG,JIN-QUAN XU 한국소성가공학회 2008 한국소성가공학회 컨퍼런스 Vol.2008 No.10

뉴캣슬병 바이러스 검출 및 병원성 감별을 위한 Duplex RT-PCR법 개발

김지예(Ji-Ye Kim),이현정(Hyun-Jeong Lee),장일(Il Jang),이희수(Hee-Soo Lee),윤성준(Seung-Jun Yoon),박지성(Ji-Sung Park),설재구(Jae-Goo Seol),김승환(Seung-Han Kim),홍지무(Ji-Mu Hong),Zillian Wang,Hualei Liu,최강석(Kang-Seuk Choi) 한국가금학회 2017 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.44 No.2

본 연구에서 NDV의 L유전자와 F유전자를 표적 부위로 각각 제작한 primer 세트를 사용함으로써 하나의 PCR 튜브에서 NDV 검출(386 bp의 증폭 크기)과 함께 병원성 NDV (229 bp의 증폭 크기)를 동시에 감별 증폭할 수 있는 dRTPCR 검사법을 개발하였다. 개발된 dRT-PCR검사법은 NDV를 특이적으로 검출하고, 병원성을 감별하였다. 특히 국내 병성감정 실시기관에서 적용 중인 기존의 RT-PCR 상용키트에서는 검출하지 못하는 class I NDV과 PPMV(class II 유전형 VI형)을 NDV를 검출함과 동시에 병원성 NDV도 감별가능하였다. 개발된 dRT-PCR 검사법의 검출 민감도는 약 103.0EID50/0.1 mL로 평가되었다. 또한 ND발생국의 야외 시료에 적용했을 때, NDV 공통항원 검출율은 94.4%였으며, 병원성 NDV 검출율은 100%이었다. 그러므로 본 연구에서 개발한 dRT-PCR 검사법은 의심축 사례에서 ND를 신속 정확하게 진단하는 데 유용할 진단 방법을 제공할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. A duplex RT-PCR (dRT-PCR) assay was developed for the simultaneous detection and discrimination of nonvirulent and virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in a single PCR tube. Primers targeting the large polymerase protein (L) gene and the fusion protein (F) gene of NDV were designed to detect all NDVs (by common type PCR primers) and virulent NDVs (by pathotype PCR primers), respectively and evaluated experimentally with reference NDV strains and other poultry viral pathogens. PCR products of the expected size of 386 bp were amplified from all NDV samples whereas PCR products of the expected size of 229 bp were amplified from virulent NDV samples alone. Cross reaction was not observed with other avian viral pathogens. The detection limit of NDV by the dRT-PCR was estimated to be 103 50% egg infectious dose/0.1 mL. In the dRT-PCR using field isolates of NDV, the pathotype PCR primers detected specifically all of virulent field isolates of NDV from Malaysia, Pakistan and China whereas common type PCR primers detected 94.4% (51/54) of field isolates of NDV from China. Three Chinese NDV isolates with false negative result were non-virulent viruses. Our results indicate that the dRT-PCR might provide a rapid and simple tool for rapid simultaneous detection and discrimination of non-virulent and virulent NDVs. Therefore the developed dRT-PCR assay provides a powerful novel means for the rapid diagnosis of Newcastle disease.

Steel Bridge Construction of Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macao Bridge

Wen-bo Gao,Quan-ke Su,Jin-wen Zhang,Hong-bing Xie,Feng Wen,Fang Li,Ji-zhu Liu 한국강구조학회 2020 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.20 No.5

The 55-km-long Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macao Bridge (HZMB) is the world’s longest sea-crossing bridge, connecting Hong Kong with Zhuhai and Macao at the mouth of the Pearl River Estuary in China, comprising 22.9-km-long steel bridges. HZMB is the leading steel bridge in China, with top-level manufacturing and installation technology. This paper outlines the steel bridge construction experiences of HZMB to provide comparisons for the construction of other long sea-crossing steel bridges at home or abroad. The main considerations of construction constraints, scheme selection, structural and aesthetic design of HZMB are presented, and the following points related to new strategies in the steel bridge construction of HZMB are elaborated: (1) construction quality assurance, (2) automatic manufacturing technology, (3) large segment off shore installation, (4) eco-friendly paint (content limitation of volatile organic compounds) and new multifunctional inspection gantry, and (5) Guss Mastic Asphalt steel deck pavement system. The successful implementation of those strategies shows that the steel bridge construction of HZMB promotes improvement in the overall construction and management level of the Chinese bridge industry. The advanced experience of HZMB has opened up broad prospects for the design and construction of off shore bridge engineering in China.

Selection of Reliable Reference Genes for Real-time qRT-PCR Analysis of Zi Geese (Anser anser domestica) Gene Expression

Ji, Hong,Wang, Jianfa,Liu, Juxiong,Guo, Jingru,Wang, Zhongwei,Zhang, Xu,Guo, Li,Yang, Huanmin Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2013 Animal Bioscience Vol.26 No.3

Zi geese (Anser anser domestica) belong to the white geese and are excellent layers with a superior feed-to-egg conversion ratio. Quantitative gene expression analysis, such as Real-time qRT-PCR, will provide a good understanding of ovarian function during egg-laying and consequently improve egg production. However, we still don't know what reference genes in geese, which show stable expression, should be used for such quantitative analysis. In order to reveal such reference genes, the stability of seven genes were tested in five tissues of Zi geese. Methodology/Principal Findings: The relative transcription levels of genes encoding hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase 1 (HPRT1), ${\beta}$-actin (ACTB), ${\beta}$-tubulin (TUB), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase (GADPH), succinate dehydrogenase flavoprotein (SDH), 28S rRNA (28S) and 18S rRNA (18S) have been quantified in heart, liver, kidney, muscle and ovary in Zi geese respectively at different developmental stages (1 d, 2, 4, 6 and 8 months). The expression stability of these genes was analyzed using geNorm, NormFinder and BestKeeper software. Conclusions: The expression of 28S in heart, GAPDH in liver and ovary, ACTB in kidney and HPRT1 in muscle are the most stable genes as identified by the three different analysis methods. Thus, these genes are recommended for use as candidate reference genes to compare mRNA transcription in various developmental stages of geese.

Fabrication of Multifunctional Au Doped CoPt Nanowires

Ji Hyun Min,Hong-Ling Liu,Ju Hun Lee,Jun-Hua Wu,Jae-Seon Ju,Young Keun Kim IEEE 2009 IEEE transactions on magnetics Vol.45 No.6

<P>Au-doped CoPt nanowires were prepared in anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) nanotemplates by electrodeposition and the doping effects on their microstructure and magnetic properties were investigated. Dependent on the deposition conditions, the CoPtAu nanowires can have the cubic or tetragonal phase. The magnetic measurements indicate that the nanowires demonstrate ferromagnetic behavior, showing the easy axis along the direction of the nanowires and strong enhancement in coercivity and squareness prior to annealing, whereas the optical measurements reveal plasmon resonances characteristic of nanostructured Au.</P>

Genotoxicity and Endocrine-Disruption Potentials of Sediment near an Oil Spill Site: Two Years after the <i>Hebei Spirit</i> Oil Spill

Ji, Kyunghee,Seo, Jihyeon,Liu, Xiaoshan,Lee, Jinyoung,Lee, Sangwoo,Lee, Woojin,Park, Jeongim,Khim, Jong Seong,Hong, Seongjin,Choi, Yeyong,Shim, Won Joon,Takeda, Shunichi,Giesy, John P.,Choi, Kyungho American Chemical Society 2011 Environmental science & technology Vol.45 No.17

<P>The <I>Hebei Spirit</I> oil spill episode (December 7, 2007) has affected the western coastal area of South Korea; however, there is limited information on the potential toxicity of the oil spill to the ecosystem or humans. The potential toxicity of sediments collected from the affected area (<I>n</I> = 22) 2 years after the spill was evaluated. Acute lethal toxicity tests using <I>Vibrio fischeri</I> and <I>Moina macrocopa</I> and tests for genotoxicity and alteration of steroidogenesis using chicken DT40 cells and H295R cells, respectively, were conducted. Both crude and weathered oil extracts were evaluated in order to link the observed toxicity in the sediment extracts to the oil spill. Whereas toxicity to bacteria and daphnids was observed in only two elutriate samples, 10 of the 22 sediment extracts showed genotoxic potential in DT40 cells. The mechanisms of genotoxicity involved nucleotide excision repair (XPA<SUP>–/</SUP>), homologous recombination (RAD54<SUP>–/–</SUP>), and translesion synthesis pathways (REV3<SUP>–/–</SUP>). In addition, nine sediment extracts caused significantly greater production of E2 in H295R cells, and significant up-regulation of CYP19, CYP11B2, and 3βHSD2 by sediment extracts was observed. The pattern of toxicities observed in both crude and weathered oil samples was similar to that observed in the sediment extracts. The genotoxicicity and endocrine-disruption potential of the sediment extracts suggest a need for long-term followup for such toxicity in humans and wildlife in this area.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/esthag/2011/esthag.2011.45.issue-17/es200724x/production/images/medium/es-2011-00724x_0003.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/es200724x'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Preparation and Characterization of Porous and Composite Nanoparticulate Films of CdS at the Air/Water Interface

Ji, Guanglei,Chen, Kuang-Cai,Yang, Yan-Gang,Xin, Guoqing,Lee, Yong-Ill,Liu, Hong-Guo Korean Chemical Society 2010 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.31 No.9

CdS nano-particulate films were prepared at the air/water interface under Langmuir monolayers of arachidic acid (AA) via interfacial reaction between $Cd^{2+}$ ions in the subphase and $H_2S$ molecules in the gaseous phase. The films were made up of fine CdS nanoparticles with hexagonal Wurtzite crystal structure after reaction. It was revealed that the formation of CdS nano-particulate films depends largely on the experimental conditions. When the films were ripened at room temperature or an increased temperature ($60^{\circ}C$) for one day, numerous holes were appeared due to the dissolution of smaller nanoparticles and the growth of bigger nanoparticles with an improved crystallinity. When the films were ripened further, CdS rodlike nanoparticles with cubic zinc blende crystal structure appeared due to the re-nucleation and growth of CdS nanoparticles at the stacking faults and defect structures of the hexagonal CdS grains. These structures were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution TEM (HRTEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). These results declare that CdS semiconductor nanoparticles formed at the air/water interface change their morphologies and crystal structures during the ripening process due to dissolution and recrystallization of the particles.

Expression and Localization of the spermatogenesis-related gene, Znf230, in mouse testis and spermatozoa during postnatal development

( Hong Xia Song ),( Dan Su Pan Lu ),( Ji Yun Yang ),( Wei Zhang ),( Yuan Yang ),( Yun Qiang Liu ),( Si Zhong Zhang ) 생화학분자생물학회 2008 BMB Reports Vol.41 No.9

Characterization of ebastine, hydroxyebastine, and carebastine metabolism by human liver microsomes and expressed cytochrome P450 enzymes: major roles for CYP2J2 and CYP3A.

Liu, Kwang-Hyeon,Kim, Mi-Gyung,Lee, Dong-Jun,Yoon, Yune-Jung,Kim, Min-Jung,Shon, Ji-Hong,Choi, Chang Soo,Choi, Young Kil,Desta, Zeuresenay,Shin, Jae-Gook American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental 2006 Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fa Vol.34 No.11

<P>Ebastine undergoes extensive metabolism to form desalkylebastine and hydroxyebastine. Hydroxyebastine is subsequently metabolized to carebastine. Although CYP3A4 and CYP2J2 have been implicated in ebastine N-dealkylation and hydroxylation, the enzyme catalyzing the subsequent metabolic steps (conversion of hydroxyebastine to desalkylebastine and carebastine) have not been identified. Therefore, we used human liver microsomes (HLMs) and expressed cytochromes P450 (P450s) to characterize the metabolism of ebastine and that of its metabolites, hydroxyebastine and carebastine. In HLMs, ebastine was metabolized to desalkyl-, hydroxy-, and carebastine; hydroxyebastine to desalkyl- and carebastine; and carebastine to desalkylebastine. Of the 11 cDNA-expressed P450s, CYP3A4 was the main enzyme catalyzing the N-dealkylation of ebastine, hydroxyebastine, and carebastine to desalkylebastine [intrinsic clearance (CL(int)) = 0.44, 1.05, and 0.16 microl/min/pmol P450, respectively]. Ebastine and hydroxyebastine were also dealkylated to desalkylebastine to some extent by CYP3A5. Ebastine hydroxylation to hydroxyebastine is mainly mediated by CYP2J2 (0.45 microl/min/pmol P450; 22.5- and 7.5-fold higher than that for CYP3A4 and CYP3A5, respectively), whereas CYP2J2 and CYP3A4 contributed to the formation of carebastine from hydroxyebastine. These findings were supported by chemical inhibition and kinetic analysis studies in human liver microsomes. The CL(int) of hydroxyebastine was much higher than that of ebastine and carebastine, and carebastine was metabolically more stable than ebastine and hydroxyebastine. In conclusion, our data for the first time, to our knowledge, suggest that both CYP2J2 and CYP3A play important roles in ebastine sequential metabolism: dealkylation of ebastine and its metabolites is mainly catalyzed by CYP3A4, whereas the hydroxylation reactions are preferentially catalyzed by CYP2J2. The present data will be very useful to understand the pharmacokinetics and drug interaction of ebastine in vivo.</P>

Path Planning for Vehicle Active Collision Avoidance Based on Virtual Flow Field

Liu Jian,Ji Jie,Ren Yue,Huang Yanjun,Wang Hong 한국자동차공학회 2021 International journal of automotive technology Vol.22 No.6

According to the inherent nature of the fluid that can naturally avoid obstacles, a path planning method for active collision avoidance of autonomous vehicles is presented based on the virtual flow field. Firstly, the mathematical model of the virtual flow field on the road is established by using the theory of hydrodynamics. Then a fifth degree polynomial curve is adopted to construct the virtual hazard area of the obstacle vehicle to prevent the fluid into this area, and it can be easily resized by adjusting the parameters of the lateral and longitudinal safety distance. Finally, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations are performed to quantitative predict the dynamic behavior of the ego vehicle on the straight or curved road and the desired path for active collision avoidance can be determined based on the calculation result of the flow field. The simulation results show that the proposed path planning method takes into account the dynamic characteristics and kinematic constraints of the vehicle, and ensures that the vehicle doesn’t collide with the dynamic and static obstacles on the road.