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- 저자 : James Yang (검색결과 98 건)
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Clinical and Polysomnographic Characteristics of Patients with Restless Legs Syndrome
James Kilsung Yang,moonsook lee 대한수면학회 2019 sleep medicine research Vol.10 No.1
Background and ObjectiveaaAlthough restless legs syndrome (RLS) symptoms are relatively clear, many people are suffering from RLS without proper care because RLS is often underdiag- nosed and misdiagnosed. Purpose of this study was to examine clinical and polysomnographic as- pects of RLS to better understand the disorder for future diagnosis. MethodsaaThis study enrolled 113 idiopathic untreated RLS patients, including 74 (65.5%) wom- en and 39 (34.5%) men. Restless legs syndrome rating scale (RLSRS) and RLS checklist were exam- ined. All patients underwent suggested immobilization test (SIT) and polysomnogram (PSG). ResultsaaRLS occurred in all age groups. It was the most prevalent in age groups of 50s and 60s. On average, RLS was diagnosed 12.5 years after the first occurrence of RLS symptoms. RLS oc- curred twice as often among women than that among men. Based on average RLSRS, 57.5% and 26.5% of patients belonged to severe and very severe categories, respectively. While symptoms were the most prominent between 8 PM and 4 AM, patients reported that calves were the main site of discomfort. Of all participants, 54.9% reported family history of RLS. RLS patients’ PSGs showed lower sleep efficiency (SE), total sleep time, and slow wave percentage with higher leg movement arousal index (LMAI), arousal index, and sleep latency (SL). RLSRS was positively correlated with LMAI (r = 0.221, p < 0.05), periodic leg movement during wake index-PSG (PLMWI-PSG) (r = 0.214, p < 0.05), and SL (r = 0.207, p < 0.05). RLSRS was also negatively correlated with SE (r = -0.222, p < 0.05). RLSRS was not correlated with PLMWI-SIT or PLMI. ConclusionsaaThe results suggest that the severity of RLS patients is related to SL, LMAI, PLM- WI-PSG, and SE. In order to effectively diagnose RLS, not only clinical characteristics, but also polygraphic characteristics such as SL, LMAI, PLMWI-PSG, and SE should be taken into account.
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Sox17 promotes tumor angiogenesis and destabilizes tumor vessels in mice.
Yang, Hanseul,Lee, Sungsu,Lee, Seungjoo,Kim, Kangsan,Yang, Yeseul,Kim, Jeong Hoon,Adams, Ralf H,Wells, James M,Morrison, Sean J,Koh, Gou Young,Kim, Injune American Society for Clinical Investigation 2013 The Journal of clinical investigation Vol.123 No.1
<P>Little is known about the transcriptional regulation of tumor angiogenesis, and tumor ECs (tECs) remain poorly characterized. Here, we studied the expression pattern of the transcription factor Sox17 in the vasculature of murine and human tumors and investigated the function of Sox17 during tumor angiogenesis using Sox17 genetic mouse models. Sox17 was specifically expressed in tECs in a heterogeneous pattern; in particular, strong Sox17 expression distinguished tECs with high VEGFR2 expression. Whereas overexpression of Sox17 in tECs promoted tumor angiogenesis and vascular abnormalities, Sox17 deletion in tECs reduced tumor angiogenesis and normalized tumor vessels, inhibiting tumor growth. Tumor vessel normalization by Sox17 deletion was long lasting, improved anticancer drug delivery into tumors, and inhibited tumor metastasis. Sox17 promoted endothelial sprouting behavior and upregulated VEGFR2 expression in a cell-intrinsic manner. Moreover, Sox17 increased the percentage of tumor-associated CD11b+Gr-1+ myeloid cells within tumors. The vascular effects of Sox17 persisted throughout tumor growth. Interestingly, Sox17 expression specific to tECs was also observed in highly vascularized human glioblastoma samples. Our findings establish Sox17 as a key regulator of tumor angiogenesis and tumor progression.</P>
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James Chin-Hsin Yang,안명주,Kazuhiko Nakagawa,Tomohide Tamura,Helen Barraclough,Sotaro Enatsu,Rebecca Cheng,Mauro Orlando 대한암학회 2015 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.47 No.3
Purpose A recent phase III study (PARAMOUNT) demonstrated that pemetrexed continuation maintenance therapy is a new treatment paradigm for advanced nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The majority of patients enrolled in PARAMOUNT were Caucasian (94%). We reviewed efficacy and safety data from two clinical trials, which enrolled East Asian (EA) patients, to supplement data from PARAMOUNT on pemetrexed continuation maintenance therapy in patients with nonsquamous NSCLC. Materials and Methods Study S110 was a phase II, multicenter, randomized, controlled, open-label trial in never-smoker, chemonaïve, EA patients (n=31) with locally advanced or metastatic nonsquamous NSCLC (n=27). Study JMII was a multicenter, open-label, single-arm, postmarketing, clinical trial in Japanese patients (n=109) with advanced nonsquamous NSCLC. PARAMOUNT was a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in patients with advanced nonsquamous NSCLC. Results In EA patients with nonsquamous NSCLC, the median progression-free survival (PFS) for pemetrexed continuation maintenance therapy was 4.04 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.22 to 5.29 months) in study S110 and 3.9 months (95% CI, 3.2 to 5.2 months) in study JMII. The median PFS for pemetrexed continuation maintenance therapy in PARAMOUNT was 4.1 months (95% CI, 3.2 to 4.6 months). Pemetrexed continuation maintenance therapy in EA patients in studies S110 and JMII did not lead to any unexpected safety events, and was consistent with PARAMOUNT’s safety profile. Conclusion The efficacy and safety data in the EA trials were similar to those in PARAMOUNT despite differences in patient populations and study designs. These data represent consistent evidence for pemetrexed continuation maintenance therapy in EA patients with advanced nonsquamous NSCLC.
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Zant, Janneke C.,Kim, Tae,Prokai, Laszlo,Szarka, Szabolcs,McNally, James,McKenna, James T.,Shukla, Charu,Yang, Chun,Kalinchuk, Anna V.,McCarley, Robert W.,Brown, Ritchie E.,Basheer, Radhika Society for Neuroscience 2016 The Journal of neuroscience Vol.36 No.6
<P>Understanding the control of sleep–wake states by the basal forebrain (BF) poses a challenge due to the intermingled presence of cholinergic, GABAergic, and glutamatergic neurons. All three BF neuronal subtypes project to the cortex and are implicated in cortical arousal and sleep–wake control. Thus, nonspecific stimulation or inhibition studies do not reveal the roles of these different neuronal types. Recent studies using optogenetics have shown that “selective” stimulation of BF cholinergic neurons increases transitions between NREM sleep and wakefulness, implicating cholinergic projections to cortex in wake promotion. However, the interpretation of these optogenetic experiments is complicated by interactions that may occur within the BF. For instance, a recent <I>in vitro</I> study from our group found that cholinergic neurons strongly excite neighboring GABAergic neurons, including the subset of cortically projecting neurons, which contain the calcium-binding protein, parvalbumin (PV) (Yang et al., 2014). Thus, the wake-promoting effect of “selective” optogenetic stimulation of BF cholinergic neurons could be mediated by local excitation of GABA/PV or other non-cholinergic BF neurons. In this study, using a newly designed opto-dialysis probe to couple selective optical stimulation with simultaneous <I>in vivo</I> microdialysis, we demonstrated that optical stimulation of cholinergic neurons locally increased acetylcholine levels and increased wakefulness in mice. Surprisingly, the enhanced wakefulness caused by cholinergic stimulation was abolished by simultaneous reverse microdialysis of cholinergic receptor antagonists into BF. Thus, our data suggest that the wake-promoting effect of cholinergic stimulation requires local release of acetylcholine in the basal forebrain and activation of cortically projecting, non-cholinergic neurons, including the GABAergic/PV neurons.</P><P><B>SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT</B> Optogenetics is a revolutionary tool to assess the roles of particular groups of neurons in behavioral functions, such as control of sleep and wakefulness. However, the interpretation of optogenetic experiments requires knowledge of the effects of stimulation on local neurotransmitter levels and effects on neighboring neurons. Here, using a novel “opto-dialysis” probe to couple optogenetics and <I>in vivo</I> microdialysis, we report that optical stimulation of basal forebrain (BF) cholinergic neurons in mice increases local acetylcholine levels and wakefulness. Reverse microdialysis of cholinergic antagonists within BF prevents the wake-promoting effect. This important result challenges the prevailing dictum that BF cholinergic projections to cortex directly control wakefulness and illustrates the utility of “opto-dialysis” for dissecting the complex brain circuitry underlying behavior.</P>
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Atrasentan (ABT-627) enhances perfusion and reduces hypoxia in a human tumor xenograft model.
Yang, Kwang Mo,Russell, James,Lupu, Mihaela E,Cho, Hyungjoon,Li, Xiao-Feng,Koutcher, Jason A,Ling, C Clifton Landes Bioscience 2009 Cancer Biology & Therapy Vol.8 No.20
<P>The endothelin-1 antagonist, Atrasentan (ABT-627) was used to modify perfusion in the human tumor xenograft model, HT29, growing in nude mice. Atrasentan produced a significant increase in perfusion, as measured in vivo by Gd-DTPA DCE-MRI. Changes in tumor hypoxia were assessed by comparing the binding of two hypoxia tracers, pimonidazole and EF5 given before and after Atrasentan administration. In vehicle-treated controls, the distribution of EF5 and pimonidazole was very similar. However, Atrasentan treatment was associated with decreased uptake of the second hypoxia tracer (EF5), relative to the first (pimonidazole). Although Atrasentan had no independent effect on the growth of HT29 tumors, Atrasentan combined with 20 Gy radiation led to a modest but significant increase in tumor growth delay compared to radiation alone.</P>
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James W. Daily,Mini Yang,박선민 한국식품영양과학회 2016 Journal of medicinal food Vol.19 No.8
Although turmeric and its curcumin-enriched extracts have been used for treating arthritis, no systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) have been conducted to evaluate the strength of the research. We systemically evaluated all RCTs of turmeric extracts and curcumin for treating arthritis symptoms to elucidate the efficacy of curcuma for alleviating the symptoms of arthritis. Literature searches were conducted using 12 electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Korean databases, Chinese medical databases, and Indian scientific database. Search terms used were ‘‘turmeric,’’ ‘‘curcuma,’’ ‘‘curcumin,’’ ‘‘arthritis,’’ and ‘‘osteoarthritis.’’ A pain visual analogue score (PVAS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) were used for the major outcomes of arthritis. Initial searches yielded 29 articles, of which 8 met specific selection criteria. Three among the included RCTs reported reduction of PVAS (mean difference: -2.04 [-2.85, -1.24]) with turmeric/curcumin in comparison with placebo (P< .00001), whereas metaanalysis of four studies showed a decrease of WOMAC with turmeric/curcumin treatment (mean difference: -15.36 [-26.9, -3.77]; P= .009). Furthermore, there was no significant mean difference in PVAS between turmeric/curcumin and pain medicine in meta-analysis of five studies. Eight RCTs included in the review exhibited low to moderate risk of bias. There was no publication bias in the meta-analysis. In conclusion, these RCTs provide scientific evidence that supports the efficacy of turmeric extract (about 1000mg/day of curcumin) in the treatment of arthritis. However, the total number of RCTs included in the analysis, the total sample size, and the methodological quality of the primary studies were not sufficient to draw definitive conclusions. Thus, more rigorous and larger studies are needed to confirm the therapeutic efficacy of turmeric for arthritis.
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James W. Daily,Mini Yang,Da Sol Kim,Sunmin Park 한국식품연구원 2015 Journal of Ethnic Foods Vol.2 No.1
Background/Purpose: Few clinical trials have investigated the antidiabetic effects of ginger to date. Several recent clinical trials published in 2013 and 2014, although small, have added contradictory but compelling new evidence about the use of ginger in treating diabetes in humans. Therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to clarify the evidence for using ginger to treat diabetes. Methods: Five randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were identified and included in the meta-analysis. Four of the RCTs were considered high quality and lasted 8 weeks; one lasted only 30 days and was considered low quality. Outcomes measured included fasting blood glucose and insulin, homeostatic model assessment (HOMA)-insulin resistance (IR), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels, and were assessed as mean differences in the meta-analysis. Results: Ginger supplementation significantly lowered fasting blood glucose concentrations and HbA1c levels, but did not significantly lower fasting blood insulin or HOMA-IR. Conclusion: Ginger root supplementation significantly lowers blood glucose and HbA1c levels. When combined with dietary and lifestyle interventions it may be an effective intervention for managing Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Influence of Global Warming on Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclone Intensities during 2015
Yang, Se-Hwan,Kang, Nam-Young,Elsner, James B.,Chun, Youngsin American Meteorological Society 2018 Journal of climate Vol.31 No.2
<P>The climate of 2015 was characterized by a strong El Nino, global warmth, and record-setting tropical cyclone (TC) intensity for western North Pacific typhoons. In this study, the highest TC intensity in 32 years (1984-2015) is shown to be a consequence of above normal TC activity-following natural internal variation-and greater efficiency of intensity. The efficiency of intensity (EINT) is termed the ''blasting'' effect and refers to typhoon intensification at the expense of occurrence. Statistical models show that the EINT is mostly due to the anomalous warmth in the environment indicated by global mean sea surface temperature. In comparison, the EINT due to El Nino is negligible. This implies that the record-setting intensity of 2015 might not have occurred without environmental warming and suggests that a year with even greater TC intensity is possible in the near future when above normal activity coincides with another record EINT due to continued multidecadal warming.</P>
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