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Sequential fractionation of value-added coconut products using membrane processes
Ching Yin Ng,Abdul Wahab Mohammad,Law Yong Ng,Jamaliah Md Jahim 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.25 No.-
The coconut waste-skimmed coconut milk was employed for sequential fractionation using UF and NF membranes to produce value-added products (coconut proteins, plant hormones – kinetin and zeatin). The retention factors achieved by UF membrane (PS10): albumin (0.9822 0.0799) and globulin (0.9975 0.0783); NF membrane (NF1): kinetin (0.9238 0.0345) and zeatin (0.9511 0.0355). Coconut protein powder was obtained after spray-drying process using concentrated coconut protein (UF retentate). SDS-PAGE showed that molecular weights of the coconut proteins were 17, 34, 55 and 150 kDa. Proximate and HPLC analyses revealed that the obtained samples were enriched with basic nutrients and well-balanced amino acids composition, respectively.
Daud, Siti Mariam,Daud, Wan Ramli Wan,Kim, Byung Hong,Somalu, Mahendra Rao,Bakar, Mimi Hani Abu,Muchtar, Andanastuti,Jahim, Jamaliah Md,Lim, Swee Su,Chang, In Seop Elsevier 2018 ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA Vol.259 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Ceramic membranes (CMs) with different pore sizes (0.14 μm CM1, 150 kDa CM2 and 5 kDa CM3) were tested as separators in two-chamber microbial fuel cells (MFCs). The performance and ionic gradient concentration of MFCs using CMs were compared with that of cation exchange membrane (CEM), Nafion 117. MFC with CMs exhibited a higher performance than that of CEM under batch operation. The highest power density of 1790 ± 60 mW/m<SUP>2</SUP>, columbic efficiency (CE) of 41 ± 10% and internal resistance of 102 ± 13 Ω were obtained for MFC with CM3 under batch mode operation. The highest power density, columbic efficiency and internal resistance of MFC with CEM were found to be 1225 ± 20 mW/m<SUP>2</SUP>, 21 ± 1% and 400 ± 10 Ω, respectively. The highest performance of MFC with CM3 was expected due to a higher porosity of CM3 (13.8%) compared with that of CM1 (11.0%) and CM2 (11.05%). MFCs operated with catholyte containing salt solution, phosphate buffer basal medium without carbon source and yeast extract (PBBM-SA), generated lower current than with phosphate buffer (PB) as catholyte. This difference was more significant in the MFCs with the CEM Nafion 117 than with ceramic membranes. The non-selective porous ceramic membranes improved the diffusion of protons in the presence of other high concentration cations and resulted in MFC with higher performance. Hence, the porous ceramic membrane is a potential candidate separator for the development of commercial scale MFCs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Porous ceramics were tested as separators in two-chamber microbial fuel cell (MFC). </LI> <LI> MFC with porous ceramic membrane showed a higher power density than that of PEM. </LI> <LI> The main issue with PEM is higher cation transfer compared to proton in MFC. </LI> <LI> The non-selective porous ceramic membranes improved the diffusion of proton in MFC. </LI> <LI> The PBBM supported the electrochemically active bacteria growth in anode chamber. </LI> </UL> </P>