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Gallotannin-Capped Gold Nanoparticles: Green Synthesis and Enhanced Morphology of AFM Images
Kim, Jaehyung,Yhim, Won Been,Park, Jong-Won,Lee, Sang-Hyeon,Kim, Tae Yoon,Cha, Song-Hyun,Kim, Hyun-Seok,Jang, Hong-Lae,Cho, Miyeon,Park, Youmie American Scientific Publishers 2016 Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology Vol.16 No.6
<P>Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were synthesized by a green method using a plant secondary metabolite, gallotannin. Gallotannin was used as a reducing and capping agent to convert gold ions into AuNPs for the generation of gallotannin-capped AuNPs (GT-AuNPs). This synthetic route is ecofriendly and eliminates the use of toxic chemical reducing agents. The characteristic surface plasmon resonance of the GT-AuNPs was observed at 536 nm in the UV-visible spectra. The face-centered cubic structure of GT-AuNPs was verified by X-ray diffraction analysis. The majority of the GT-AuNPs had a spherical shape with an average diameter of 15.93 +/- 8.60 nm. Fourier transform infrared spectra suggested that the hydroxyl functional groups of gallotannin were involved in the synthesis of GT-AuNPs. The size and shape of nanoparticles can have a crucial impact on their biological, mechanical, and structural properties. Herein, we developed a modified anisotropic diffusion equation to selectively remove nanoscale experimental noise while preserving nanoscale intrinsic geometry information. To demonstrate the performance of the developed method, the ridge and valley lines were plotted by utilizing the principle curvatures. Compared to the original anisotropic diffusion and raw atomic force microscopy (AFM) experimental data, the developed modified anisotropic diffusion shows excellent performance in nanoscale noise removal while preserving the intrinsic geometry of the nanoparticles.</P>
VPL-DBS on neuropathic pain rat model is effective in mechanical allodynia than cold allodynia.
Kim, Jaehyung,Kim, Jinhyung,Min, Kyou Sik,Lee, Sung Eun,Kim, Sung June,Chang, Jin Woo Springer-Verlag Italia 2012 Neurological sciences Vol.33 No.6
<P>Recently, deep brain stimulation (DBS) is widely used in various types of neurodegenerative disorders for minimal invasiveness and safety of the procedure. Deep brain stimulation is consistently applied for the treatment of patients with neuropathic pain even though the success rate is not as high as other neurodegenerative disorders. Furthermore, it is also unclear how DBS improves neuropathic pain. In this study, we investigated the role of DBS following the stimulation parameter for analgesic effect on mechanical allodynia and cold allodynia in neuropathic pain rats. We used a sciatic nerve injury model to induce neuropathic pain, and observed responses to mechanical and cold stimulation by the von Frey test and acetone test, respectively. We classified the rats into four groups: na?ve (na?ve, n = 10), na?ve + DBS (N + DBS, n = 10), neuropathic pain (NP, n = 10), and neuropathic pain + DBS (NP + DBS, n = 10). We inserted the DBS electrode into the ventral posterolateral nucleus (VPL) into the rats (VPL-DBS). The score for mechanical allodynia was significantly decreased in NP + DBS group (p < 0.01). However, the score for cold allodynia did not significantly drop in any groups including NP + DBS group (p > 0.05). In this study, we found that the electrical stimulation of the VPL works more effectively with mechanical allodynia than cold one, and pain signal induced by mechanical stimulus and cold stimulus may be processed through different pathways in the brain.</P>
Eunsol Kim,Yong Ha Kim,Ik-Seon Hong,Jaehyung Yu,Eungseok Lee,Kyoungja Kim 한국우주과학회 2015 Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Vol.32 No.2
At the suggestion of the NASA Meteoroid Environment Office (NASA/MEO), which promotes lunar impact monitoring worldwide during NASA’s Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE) mission period (launched Sept. 2013), we set up a video observation system for lunar impact flashes using a 16-inch educational telescope at Chungnam National University. From Oct. 2013 through Apr. 2014, we recorded 80 hours of video observation of the unilluminated part of the crescent moon in the evening hours. We found a plausible candidate impact flash on Feb. 3, 2014 at selenographic longitude 2.1° and latitude 25.4°. The flash lasted for 0.2 s and the light curve was asymmetric with a slow decrease after a peak brightness of 8.7 ± 0.3 mag. Based on a star-like distribution of pixel brightness and asymmetric light curve, we conclude that the observed flash was due to a meteoroid impact on the lunar surface. Since unequivocal detection of an impact flash requires simultaneous observation from at least two sites, we strongly recommend that other institutes and universities in Korea set up similar inexpensive monitoring systems involving educational or amateur telescopes, and that they collaborate in the near future.
Detection of an Impact Flash Candidate on the Moon with an Educational Telescope System
Kim, Eunsol,Kim, Yong Ha,Hong, Ik-Seon,Yu, Jaehyung,Lee, Eungseok,Kim, Kyoungja The Korean Space Science Society 2015 Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Vol.32 No.2
At the suggestion of the NASA Meteoroid Environment Office (NASA/MEO), which promotes lunar impact monitoring worldwide during NASA's Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE) mission period (launched Sept. 2013), we set up a video observation system for lunar impact flashes using a 16-inch educational telescope at Chungnam National University. From Oct. 2013 through Apr. 2014, we recorded 80 hours of video observation of the unilluminated part of the crescent moon in the evening hours. We found a plausible candidate impact flash on Feb. 3, 2014 at selenographic longitude $2.1^{\circ}$ and latitude $25.4^{\circ}$. The flash lasted for 0.2 s and the light curve was asymmetric with a slow decrease after a peak brightness of $8.7{\pm}0.3mag$. Based on a star-like distribution of pixel brightness and asymmetric light curve, we conclude that the observed flash was due to a meteoroid impact on the lunar surface. Since unequivocal detection of an impact flash requires simultaneous observation from at least two sites, we strongly recommend that other institutes and universities in Korea set up similar inexpensive monitoring systems involving educational or amateur telescopes, and that they collaborate in the near future.
Kim Cherry,Park Chul Hwan,Kim Do Yeon,Cha Jaehyung,Lee Bae Young,Park Chan Ho,Kang Eun-Ju,Koo Hyun Jung,Kitagawa Kakuya,Cha Min Jae,Krittayaphong Rungroj,Choi Sang Il,Viswamitra Sanjaya,Ko Sung Min,Ki 대한영상의학회 2022 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.23 No.3
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of implementing the consensus statement from the Asian Society of Cardiovascular Imaging-Practical Tutorial 2020 (ASCI-PT 2020) on the reliability of cardiac MR with late gadolinium enhancement (CMR-LGE) myocardial viability scoring between observers in the context of ischemic cardiomyopathy. Materials and Methods: A total of 17 cardiovascular imaging experts from five different countries evaluated CMR obtained in 26 patients (male:female, 23:3; median age [interquartile range], 55.5 years [50–61.8]) with ischemic cardiomyopathy. For LGE scoring, based on the 17 segments, the extent of LGE in each segment was graded using a five-point scoring system ranging from 0 to 4 before and after exposure according to the consensus statement. All scoring was performed via webbased review. Scores for slices, vascular territories, and total scores were obtained as the sum of the relevant segmental scores. Interobserver reliability for segment scores was assessed using Fleiss’ kappa, while the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used for slice score, vascular territory score, and total score. Inter-observer agreement was assessed using the limits of agreement from the mean (LoA). Results: Interobserver reliability (Fleiss’ kappa) in each segment ranged 0.242–0.662 before the consensus and increased to 0.301–0.774 after the consensus. The interobserver reliability (ICC) for each slice, each vascular territory, and total score increased after the consensus (slice, 0.728–0.805 and 0.849–0.884; vascular territory, 0.756–0.902 and 0.852–0.941; total score, 0.847 and 0.913, before and after implementing the consensus statement, respectively. Interobserver agreement in scoring also improved with the implementation of the consensus for all slices, vascular territories, and total score. The LoA for the total score narrowed from ± 10.36 points to ± 7.12 points. Conclusion: The interobserver reliability and agreement for CMR-LGE scoring for ischemic cardiomyopathy improved when following guidance from the ASCI-PT 2020 consensus statement.