Metformin ameliorates olanzapine-induced disturbances in POMC neuron number, axonal projection, and hypothalamic leptin resistance

( Jaedeok Kim ),( Nayoung Lee ),( Sang Bum Suh ),( Sooyeon Jang ),( Saeha Kim ),( Dong-gyu Kim ),( Jong Kook Park ),( Keun-wook Lee ),( Soo Young Choi ),( Chan Hee Lee ) 생화학분자생물학회 2022 BMB Reports Vol.55 No.6

Antipsychotics have been widely accepted as a treatment of choice for psychiatric illnesses such as schizophrenia. While atypical antipsychotics such as aripiprazole are not associated with obesity and diabetes, olanzapine is still widely used based on the anticipation that it is more effective in treating severe schizophrenia than aripiprazole, despite its metabolic side effects. To address metabolic problems, metformin is widely prescribed. Hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons have been identified as the main regulator of metabolism and energy expenditure. Although the relation between POMC neurons and metabolic disorders is well established, little is known about the effects of olanzapine and metformin on hypothalamic POMC neurons. In the present study, we investigated the effect of olanzapine and metformin on the hypothalamic POMC neurons in female mice. Olanzapine administration for 5 days significantly decreased Pomc mRNA expression, POMC neuron numbers, POMC projections, and induced leptin resistance before the onset of obesity. It was also observed that coadministration of metformin with olanzapine not only increased POMC neuron numbers and projections but also improved the leptin response of POMC neurons in the olanzapine-treated female mice. These findings suggest that olanzapine-induced hypothalamic POMC neuron abnormality and leptin resistance, which can be ameliorated by metformin administration, are the possible causes of subsequent hyperphagia. [BMB Reports 2022; 55(6): 293-298]

Virus Incidence of Sweet Potato in Korea from 2011 to 2014

Kim, Jaedeok,Yang, Jung wook,Kwak, Hae-Ryun,Kim, Mi-Kyeong,Seo, Jang-Kyun,Chung, Mi-Nam,Lee, Hyeong-un,Lee, Kyeong-Bo,Nam, Sang Sik,Kim, Chang-Seok,Lee, Gwan-Seok,Kim, Jeong-Soo,Lee, Sukchan,Choi, Hon The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2017 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.33 No.5

A nationwide survey was performed to investigate the current incidence of viral diseases in Korean sweet potatoes for germplasm and growing fields from 2011 to 2014. A total of 83.8% of the germplasm in Korea was infected with viruses in 2011. Commercial cultivars that were used to supply growing fields were infected at a rate of 62.1% in 2012. Among surveyed viruses, the incidence of five Potyvirus species that infect sweet potato decreased between 2012 and 2013, and then increased again in 2014. Representatively, the incidence of Sweet potato feathery mottle virus (SPFMV) was 87.0% in 2012, 20.7% in 2013 and then increased to 35.3% in 2014. Unlike RNA viruses, DNA viruses were shown to decrease continuously. The incidence of Sweet potato leaf curl virus (SPLCV) was 5.5% in 2003, 59.5% in 2011, and 47.4% in 2012. It then decreased continuously year by year to 33.2% in 2013, and then 25.6% in 2014. While the infection rate of each virus species showed a tendency to decline, the virus infection status was more variable in 2013 and 2014. Nevertheless, the high rate of single infections and mixed infection combinations were more variable than the survey results from 2012. As shown in the results from 2013, the most prevalent virus infection was a single infection at 27.6%, with the highest rate of infection belonging to sweet potato symptomless virus-1 (SPSMV-1) (12.9%). Compared to 2013, infection combinations were more varied in 2014, with a total of 122 kinds of mixed infection.

DECOMPOSITIONS AND EXPANSIONS OF FILTERS IN TARSKI ALGEBRAS

Kim, Jaedeok,Kim, Youngmi,Roh, Eun Hwan 충청수학회 2007 충청수학회지 Vol.20 No.4

We show that any filter of Tarski algebra can be de-composed into the union of some sets. Moreover, we introduce the notion of expansions of filters in Tarski algebras, and discuss the notion of ${\sigma}$-primary filters in Tarski algebras. Finally, we show that there is no non-trivial quadratic Tarski algebras on a field X with $|X|{\geq}3$.

InGaN/GaN light-emitting diode having direct hole injection plugs and its high-current operation

Kim, Sungjoon,Cho, Seongjae,Jeong, Jaedeok,Kim, Sungjun,Hwang, Sungmin,Kim, Garam,Yoon, Sukho,Park, Byung-Gook The Optical Society 2017 Optics express Vol.25 No.6

Secure user authentication based on the trusted platform for mobile devices

Kim, GeonLyang,Lim, JaeDeok,Kim, JeongNyeo SpringerOpen 2016 Eurasip Journal on Wireless Communications and Net Vol.2016 No.-

<P>In recent years, the use of mobile devices including smartphones has increased significantly all over the world, and e-commerce using smartphones has also greatly increased. Furthermore, many people are using their smartphones to carry out certain aspects of their work according to the BYOD trend. Therefore, it is extremely important that mobile device users are authenticated securely by remote servers when using their smartphones. Digital certificates are one of the many solutions available for authentication, but they are easy to copy and leak. Mobile device services need to properly manage registered devices and users, and trusted means of authenticating their identities are needed. In this paper, we propose a secure certificate-based user authentication framework using the trusted mobile zone (TMZ) system into which the trusted platform is built. The TMZ system is a secure mobile device into which a hypervisor is built on the mobile device, and in which the hypervisor separates the mobile device into a normal zone and a secure zone. Android OS operates in the normal zone on the TMZ systems, and secure OS is run in the secure zone at the same time. The trusted platform is built in the normal zone and the secure zone in order to provide the user with secure services. In this paper, we propose a TMZ system founded on the TEE system of the global platform. The TMZ system provides a secure execution environment in which to store sensitive data and execute security functions securely. In conclusion, we describe the experimental results of generating the signature data in the TMZ system.</P>

임베디드 OS에서의 역할기반 접근제어 적용

임재덕(JaeDeok Lim),은성경(SungKyong Un),김기영(KiYoung Kim),김정녀(JeognNyeo Kim),이철훈(ChoelHoon Lee) 대한전기학회 2007 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2007 No.4

Recently, the security requirements of the embedded system which were not considered when the embedded system is independently deployed are being increased because the embedded system is connected to an internet. The connection to the internet of embedded system is the meaning that it is exposed to the various kinds of external attack and can be a victim to these attacks in anytime. Particularly, it is trend that the user-related information is stored into the personal terminals and/or electrical appliances such as PDA, home gateway for home network, settop boxes and so on. So it is needed the security mechanism which protects the user information from the malicious accesses. Accordingly, the coverage of the system security is being expanded from the general server to the embedded system. And it is not enough that the embedded system supports only its inherent functions and it becomes the essential element to provide the security function to the embedded system. This paper applies the RBAC(role-based access control) function to the embedded linux OS and tries to strengthen the security of the embedded linux OS. RBAC is implemented as a loadable kernel module with LSM(Linux Security Module) security framework for user's flexibility.

임베디드 OS에서의 역할기반 접근제어 적용

임재덕(JaeDeok Lim),은성경(SungKyong Un),김기영(KiYoung Kim),김정녀(JeongNyeo Kim),이철훈(ChoelHoon Lee) 대한전기학회 2007 정보 및 제어 심포지엄 논문집 Vol.2007 No.4

OP-Amp를 적용한 향상된 부채널 전력분석 방법

김진배(JinBae Kim),지재덕(JaeDeok Ji),조종원(Jong-Won Cho),김민구(MinKu Kim),한동국(Dong-Guk Han) 한국정보보호학회 2015 정보보호학회논문지 Vol.25 No.3

전력소비를 이용한 부채널 분석은 Chip 기반의 보안디바이스의 키를 해독하는 효과적인 방법으로 알려져 있다. 기존의 전력소비정보는 저항의 직렬연결을 이용한 전압분배 방식을 사용한다. 이 방법은 디바이스에 인가되는 전압의 크기에 종속적이며. 그 크기가 작은 경우 노이즈의 영향을 크게 받아 신호 왜곡이 발생되고, 일부 신호 손실이 발생된다. 이와 같은 이유는 부채널 분석의 성능을 저하 시킨다. 본 논문에서는 OP-Amp를 이용한 전류-전압 변환방식을 적용하여 전력소비 정보를 계측함으로써 부채널 분석의 성능을 향상시킬 수 있는 방법을 제시한다. OP-Amp를 이용한 전류-전압 변환방식을 사용하여 전력소비 정보에 포함되는 노이즈의 영향을 줄일 수 있다. 따라서 부채널 분석의 성능을 향상됨을 실험을 통해 검증한다. Side Channel Analysis of applying the power-consumption was known as effective method to analyze the key of security device based on chip. The precedential information of power-consumption was measured by the voltage distribution method using by series connection of resistor. This method was dependent on the strength of the voltage. If the voltage cannot be acquired much information which is involved with the key, the information of power-consumption significantly might be influenced by noise. If so, some of the information of power-consumption might be lost and distorted. Then, this loss can reduce the performance of the analysis. For the first time, this paper will be introduced the better way of the improvement with using the method of Current to Voltage Converter with OP-Amp. The suggested method can reduce the effect of the noise which is included in the side channel information. Therefore we can verify the result of our experiments which is provided with the improvement of the performance of side channel analysis.

Complete Genome Sequence Analysis of Two Divergent Groups of Sweet potato chlorotic fleck virus Isolates Collected from Korea

Kwak, Hae-Ryun,Kim, Jaedeok,Kim, Mikyeong,Seo, Jang-Kyun,Kim, Jeong-Soo,Choi, Hong-Soo The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2018 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.34 No.5

The Sweet potato chlorotic fleck virus (SPCFV), of the genus Carlavirus (family Betaflexiviridae), was first detected as one of several viruses infecting sweet potatoes (Ipomea batatas L.) in Korea. Out of 154 sweet potato samples collected in 2012 that were showing virus-like symptoms, 47 (31%) were infected with SPCFV, along with other viruses. The complete genome sequences of four SPCFV isolates were determined and analyzed using previously reported genome sequences. The complete genomes were found to contain 9,104-9,108 nucleotides, excluding the poly-A tail, containing six putative open reading frames (ORFs). Further, the SPCFV Korean isolates were divided into two groups (Group I and Group II) by phylogenetic analysis based on the complete nucleotide sequences; Group I and Group II had low nucleotide sequence identities of about 73%. For the first time, we determined the complete genome sequence for the Group II SPCFV isolates. The amino acid sequence identity in coat proteins (CP) between the two groups was over 90%, whereas the amino acid sequence identity in other proteins was less than 80%. In addition, SPCFV Korean isolates had a low amino acid sequence identity (61% CPs and 47% in the nucleotide-binding protein [NaBp] region) to that of Melon yellowing-associated virus (MYaV), a typical Carlavirus.

Molecular Characterization of Five Potyviruses Infecting Korean Sweet Potatoes Based on Analyses of Complete Genome Sequences

Kwak, Hae-Ryun,Kim, Jaedeok,Kim, Mi-Kyeong,Seo, Jang-Kyun,Jung, Mi-Nam,Kim, Jeong-Soo,Lee, Sukchan,Choi, Hong-Soo The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2015 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.31 No.4

Sweet potatoes (Ipomea batatas L.) are grown extensively, in tropical and temperate regions, and are important food crops worldwide. In Korea, potyviruses, including Sweet potato feathery mottle virus (SPFMV), Sweet potato virus C (SPVC), Sweet potato virus G (SPVG), Sweet potato virus 2 (SPV2), and Sweet potato latent virus (SPLV), have been detected in sweet potato fields at a high (~95%) incidence. In the present work, complete genome sequences of 18 isolates, representing the five potyviruses mentioned above, were compared with previously reported genome sequences. The complete genomes consisted of 10,081 to 10,830 nucleotides, excluding the poly-A tails. Their genomic organizations were typical of the Potyvirus genus, including one target open reading frame coding for a putative polyprotein. Based on phylogenetic analyses and sequence comparisons, the Korean SPFMV isolates belonged to the strains RC and O with >98% nucleotide sequence identity. Korean SPVC isolates had 99% identity to the Japanese isolate SPVC-Bungo and 70% identity to the SPFMV isolates. The Korean SPVG isolates showed 99% identity to the three previously reported SPVG isolates. Korean SPV2 isolates had 97% identity to the SPV2 GWB-2 isolate from the USA. Korean SPLV isolates had a relatively low (88%) nucleotide sequence identity with the Taiwanese SPLV-TW isolates, and they were phylogenetically distantly related to SPFMV isolates. Recombination analysis revealed that possible recombination events occurred in the P1, HC-Pro and NIa-NIb regions of SPFMV and SPLV isolates and these regions were identified as hotspots for recombination in the sweet potato potyviruses.