Supplementation of oil-based inactivated H9N2 vaccine with M2e antigen enhances resistance against heterologous H9N2 avian influenza virus infection

Park, J.K.,Lee, D.H.,Cho, C.H.,Yuk, S.S.,To, E.O.,Kwon, J.H.,Noh, J.Y.,Kim, B.Y.,Choi, S.W.,Shim, B.S.,Song, M.K.,Lee, J.B.,Park, S.Y.,Choi, I.S.,Song, C.S. Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2014 Veterinary microbiology Vol.169 No.3

Avian influenza virus (AIV) subtype H9N2 has been evolving rapidly and vaccine escape variants have been reported to cause circulation of infections and economic losses. In the present study, we developed and evaluated ectodomain of the AIV matrix 2 (M2e) protein as a supplementing antigen for oil-based inactivated H9N2 vaccine to increase resistance against vaccine escape variants. AIV H9N2 M2e antigen was expressed in Escherichia coli and supplemented to inactivated H9N2 oil emulsion vaccine. Specific pathogen-free chickens received a single injection of inactivated H9N2 oil emulsion vaccines with or without M2e supplementation. At three weeks post vaccination, hemagglutination inhibition tests and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were performed to determine serological immune responses. Challenge study using a vaccine escape H9N2 variant was performed to evaluate the efficacy of M2e supplementation. M2e antigen supplemented in oil emulsion vaccine was highly immunogenic, and a single M2e-supplemented vaccination reduced challenge virus replication and shedding more effectively than non-supplemented vaccination.

라임병(Lyme disease : Borrelia burgdorferi) 매개진드기 (Ixodidae)에 대한 조사연구(Ⅲ)

심재철,윤영희,조양벽,이주연,신이현,양영철,박정은,이욱교,유효석,박경희 국립보건연구원 1994 국립보건원보 Vol.31 No.1

H-Y 에 대한 단일클론 항체의 생산 및 그 이용에 관한 연구 1 . H-Y 에 대한 단일클론항체의 생산

심호섭(H . S . Shim),김재화(J . H . Kim),이병철(B . C . Lee),김종배(J . B . Kim),박홍양(H . Y . Park),정길생(K . S . Chung) 한국축산학회 1988 한국축산학회지 Vol.30 No.7

Testis supernatant, a source of H-Y, obtained from BALB/c mice was used to immunize females of same strain. B lymphocytes of mouse producing antibodies to H-Y were fused with SP2/0-Ag 14 myeloma cells and distributed to 384 wells of 96-well microtiter plates. Eighty hybridoma colonies were formed, resulting in 20.8 percent of fusion efficiency. Three strong positive wells from hybridoma colonies were selected for cloning by ELISA and two of them were also found to be positive by indirect immunofluorescence test. Twelve wells of ELISA-positive were selected after cloning and 2D45D4 clones from them were confirmed to produce monoclonal antibodies to H-Y by indirect immunofluorescence test.

Molecular characterisation and expression analysis of the cathepsin H gene from rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus)

Kim, J.W.,Park, C.I.,Hwang, S.D.,Jeong, J.M.,Kim, K.H.,Kim, D.H.,Shim, S.H. Academic Press 2013 Fish & shellfish immunology Vol.35 No.1

Cathepsins are lysosomal cysteine proteases belonging to the papain family, whose members play important roles in normal metabolism for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus) cathepsin H (RbCTSH) cDNAs were identified by expressed sequence tag analysis of a lipopolysaccharide-stimulated rock bream liver cDNA library. The full-length RbCTSH cDNA (1326 bp) contained an open reading frame of 978 bp encoding 325 amino acids. The presence of an ERFNIN-like motif was predicted in the propeptide region of RbCTSH. Furthermore, multiple alignments showed that the EPQNCSAT region was well conserved among other cathepsin H sequences. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that RbCTSH is most closely related to Nile tilapia cathepsin H. RbCTSH was expressed significantly in the intestine, spleen, head kidney and stomach. RbCTSH mRNA expression was also examined in several tissues under conditions of bacterial and viral challenge. All examined tissues of fish infected with Edwardsiella tarda, Streptococcus iniae and red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV) showed significant increases in RbCTSH expression compared to the control. In the kidney and spleen, RbCTSH mRNA expression was upregulated markedly following infection with bacterial pathogens. These findings indicate that RbCTSH plays an important role in the innate immune response of rock bream. Furthermore, these results provide important information for the identification of other cathepsin H genes in various fish species.

Effect of substrate temperature on the nanostructural and chemical features of nc-Si:H thin films prepared by PECVD

Son, J.I.,Shim, J.H.,Cho, N.H. Elsevier 2010 CURRENT APPLIED PHYSICS Vol.10 No.3

Hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon (nc-Si:H) thin films were deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) at a RF power of 100W; SiH<SUB>4</SUB> and H<SUB>2</SUB> were introduced into a reaction chamber at 25 and 40sccm, respectively, and the substrate temperature ranged from room temperature to 600<SUP>o</SUP>C. The effect of the substrate temperature on the formation of nanoscale Si crystallites (nc-Si) and their structural and optical features were investigated. The average size and concentration of the Si nanocrystallites varied with the substrate temperature; the former ranged from ∼1.0 to ∼5.0nm, and the latter reached up to ∼15.5% when the substrate temperature was 400<SUP>o</SUP>C. With increasing substrate temperature to 400<SUP>o</SUP>C, the relative fraction of Si-H bonds in the films, [Si-H]/@?<SUB>n=1</SUB><SUP>3</SUP>[Si-H<SUB>n</SUB>]<SUB>n=integer</SUB>, was increased up to ∼29.3%.

Effects of nano-carbon doping and sintering temperature on microstructure and properties of MgB₂

Lim, J.H.,Shim, J.H.,Choi, J.H.,Park, J.H.,Kim, W.,Joo, J.,Kim, C.J. North-Holland 2009 Physica. C, Superconductivity Vol.469 No.15

We fabricated nano-carbon (NC) doped MgB<SUB>2</SUB> bulks using an in situ process in order to improve the critical current density (J<SUB>c</SUB>) under a high magnetic field and evaluated the correlated effects of the doped carbon content and sintering temperature on the phase formation, microstructure and critical properties. MgB<SUB>2-x</SUB>C<SUB>x</SUB> bulks with x=0 and 0.05 were fabricated by pressing the powder into pellets and sintering at 800<SUP>o</SUP>C, 900<SUP>o</SUP>C, or 1000<SUP>o</SUP>C for 30min. We observed that NC was an effective dopant for MgB<SUB>2</SUB> and that part of it was incorporated into the MgB<SUB>2</SUB> while the other part remained (undoped), which reduced the grain size. The actual C content was estimated to be 68-90% of the nominal content. The NC doped samples exhibited lower T<SUB>c</SUB> values and better J<SUB>c</SUB>(B) behavior than the undoped samples. The doped sample sintered at 900<SUP>o</SUP>C showed the highest J<SUB>c</SUB> value due to its high doping level, small amount of second phase, and fine grains. On the other hand, the J<SUB>c</SUB> was decreased at a sintering temperature of 1000<SUP>o</SUP>C as a result of the formation of MgB<SUB>4</SUB> phase.

Conjugated polymers containing pyrimidine with electron withdrawing substituents for organic photovoltaics with high open-circuit voltage

Kim, J.,Lee, J.,Chae, S.,Shim, J.Y.,Lee, D.Y.,Kim, I.,Kim, H.J.,Park, S.H.,Suh, H. IPC Science and Technology Press 2016 Polymer Vol.83 No.-

Polymers using 6-(2-thienyl)-4H-thieno[3,2-b]indole (TTI) with high planarity were synthesized and utilized for the photovoltaics. Push-pull types of conjugated polymers (PTTICN, PTTICNR and PTTIFR) containing TTI as electron pushing unit and 2-pyriminecarbonitrile or 2-fluoropyrimidine as electron pulling unit were synthesized. We designed pyrimidine derivatives with strong electron-withdrawing group (C?N or fluorine) for the generation of strong electron pulling property. By the combination with the electron pushing unit, the pyrimidines with strong electron pulling units will provide low highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy levels for higher open-circuit voltages (V<SUB>OC</SUB>). For the syntheses of the polymers, the electron pushing and the electron pulling units were combined by Stille coupling reaction with Pd(0)-catalyst. The polymers of PTTICN and PTTICNR with CN unit show higher V<SUB>OC</SUB> than the polymer with fluorine unit. The device comprising PTTICNR and PCBM (1:4) with diiodooctane (DIO) additive showed a V<SUB>OC</SUB> of 0.82 V, a J<SUB>SC</SUB> of 6.38 mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP>, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.53, giving a power conversion efficiency of 2.81%.

Mo / Si 다층박막에서의 고상확산에 의한 실리사이드 생성에 관한 연구

지응준(E. J. Chi),곽준섭(J. S. Kwak),심재엽(J. Y. Shim),백흥구(H. K. Baik) 한국진공학회(ASCT) 1993 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.2 No.4

RF magnetron sputtering법으로 제조된 Mo/Si 다층박막의 고상반응을 DSC와 XRD를 이용하여 규명하고, 이를 유효구동력 및 유효생성열 개념을 적용하여 고찰하였다. Constant scanning rate DSC 분석에서는 h-MoSi₂와 t-MoSi₂의 생성에 따른 2개의 발열 peak이 관찰되었다. h-MoSi₂와 t-MoSi₂의 생성을 위한 활성화에너지는 각각 1.5eV와 7.8eV이었으며, 이들의 생성은 핵생성이 율속 단계임을 규명하였다. Mo/Si계에서는 비정질상이 생성되지 않았으며 이는 유효구동력에 의한 예측과 일치한다. 최초 결정상인 h-MoSi₂는 t-MoSi₂보다 작은 계면에너지를 갖는 것으로 사료되며, 온도가 증가함에 따라 h-MoSi₂는 보다 안정한 t-MoSi₂로 변태하였다. The solid state reaction of Mo/Si multilayer thin films produced by RF magnetron sputtering technique was examined using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and x-ray diffraction, and explained in view of two concepts, effective driving force and effective heat of formation. In constant scanning rate DSC, there were two exothermic peaks which corresponded to the formation of h-MoSi₂ and t-MoSi₂, respectively. The activation energy for the formation of h-MoSi₂ was 1.5eV, and that of t-MoSi₂ was 7.8 eV. Nucleation was the rate controlling mechanism for each of the silicide formation. Amorphous phase was not formed, which was consistent with the prediction by the concept of effective driving force. h-MoSi₂, the first crystalline phase, was considered to have lower interfacial free energy than t-MoSi₂, and by increasing temperature it was transformed into more stable t-MoSi₂.

생쥐수정란에 대한 H - Y 항체처리가 산자의 성비에 미치는 영향

심호섭,고정재,김종배,박홍양,정길생 ( H . S . Shim,J . J . Ko,J . B . Kim,H . Y . Park,K . S . Chung ) 한국축산학회 1986 한국축산학회지 Vol.28 No.12

These experiments were carried out to control the sex of offsprings in mice by sexing embryos using immunological means prior to transfer to pseudopregnant recipients. H-Y antisera were prepared in inbred SD female rats by repeated immunization of testis supernatant and spleen cells from males of same strain. ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence test were used to detect H-Y antibody in antisera. Eight- to 16-cell mouse embryos were cultured in medium with H-Y antibody and complement (treated embryos) and in medium with BSA (control embryos). After 24-48 hr of culture, embryos were observed their morphological characteristics under the phase contrast microscope. Embryos developed to normal blastocyst were transferred to pseudopregnant recipients and sex of resultant offspring was investigated. The results obtained in these experiments were summarized as follows: 1. Production of H-Y antibodies in antisera obtained from immunized rats was confimed by ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence test. 2. Of 270 embryos treated with H-Y antibody and complement, 126 embryos (46.7%) were developed to normal blastocysts. 3. Following transfer of 126 blastocysts, 16 embryos (12.6%) were survived to term and 13 females (81.3%), significantly high ratio of female offspring, were produced.

Combined steam and carbon dioxide reforming of methane and side reactions: Thermodynamic equilibrium analysis and experimental application

Jang, W.J.,Jeong, D.W.,Shim, J.O.,Kim, H.M.,Roh, H.S.,Son, I.H.,Lee, S.J. Applied Science Publishers 2016 APPLIED ENERGY Vol.173 No.-

<P>Thermodynamic equilibrium analysis of the combined steam and carbon dioxide reforming of methane (CSCRM) and side reactions was performed using total Gibbs free energy minimization. The effects of (CO2 + H2O)/CH4 ratio (0.9-2.9), CO2:H2O ratio (3:1-1:3), and temperature (500-1000 degrees C) on the equilibrium conversions, yields, coke yield, and H-2/CO ratio were investigated. A (CO2 + H2O)/CH4 ratio greater than 1.2, a CO2:H2O ratio of 1:2.1, and a temperature of at least 850 degrees C are preferable reaction conditions for the synthesis gas preparation in the gas to liquid process. Simulated conditions were applied to the CSCRM reaction and the experimental data were compared with the thermodynamic equilibrium results. The thermodynamic equilibrium results were mostly consistent with the experimental data, but the reverse water gas shift reaction rapidly occurred in the real chemical reaction and under excess oxidizing agent conditions. In addition, a long-term stability test (under simulated conditions) showed that the equilibrium conversion was maintained for 500 h and that the coke formation on the used catalyst was not observed. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>